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Lee et al: Evaluation of a customized 3D‐printed saw guide for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy: An ex vivo study
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2022

🔍 Key Findings

  • 3D-printed TPLO guides significantly reduced osteotomy inclination angle in both bone models and cadaver limbs compared to jig alone (P < .001).
  • Torsional deformities were lower when the 3D-printed guide was used in bone models (P < .001), but not significantly different in cadavers.
  • Angular deformities were significantly reduced in cadavers using 3D-printed guides (P < .001).
  • Proximal jig pin angulation was more accurate with the guide in cadavers (P < .001); not significant in bone models.
  • Medial cortex damage was substantially reduced in bone models when the 3D-printed guide was used (P < .001).
  • Postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) did not differ significantly between groups, suggesting that clinical alignment can still be achieved without the guide.
  • Clinical significance of improved metrics is uncertain, but improved precision may reduce surgical complications.
  • 3D guide design allowed direct placement of jig and bone plate, potentially improving workflow and safety.

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← Articles

Lee et al: Evaluation of a customized 3D‐printed saw guide for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy: An ex vivo study
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2022

🔍 Key Findings

  • 3D-printed TPLO guides significantly reduced osteotomy inclination angle in both bone models and cadaver limbs compared to jig alone (P < .001).
  • Torsional deformities were lower when the 3D-printed guide was used in bone models (P < .001), but not significantly different in cadavers.
  • Angular deformities were significantly reduced in cadavers using 3D-printed guides (P < .001).
  • Proximal jig pin angulation was more accurate with the guide in cadavers (P < .001); not significant in bone models.
  • Medial cortex damage was substantially reduced in bone models when the 3D-printed guide was used (P < .001).
  • Postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA) did not differ significantly between groups, suggesting that clinical alignment can still be achieved without the guide.
  • Clinical significance of improved metrics is uncertain, but improved precision may reduce surgical complications.
  • 3D guide design allowed direct placement of jig and bone plate, potentially improving workflow and safety.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Lee 2022 et al., on TPLO accuracy, what was observed regarding postoperative TPA in both groups?

A. TPA was significantly lower in the guide group
B. TPA was significantly higher in the guide group
C. TPA was more variable in the jig-only group
D. There was no significant difference in postoperative TPA
E. Only preoperative TPA differed between groups

Answer: There was no significant difference in postoperative TPA

Explanation: Despite improved technical metrics, postoperative TPA did not differ significantly between groups.
In Lee 2022 et al., on TPLO accuracy, what was the main benefit of using the 3D-printed saw guide in bone models?

A. Improved wound healing
B. Reduced surgery duration
C. Reduced medial cortex damage
D. Lower cost of instrumentation
E. Increased TPA

Answer: Reduced medial cortex damage

Explanation: The 3D-printed guide significantly reduced medial cortical damage in bone models (P < .001).
In Lee 2022 et al., on TPLO accuracy, which deformity was significantly reduced in cadaver limbs with 3D-guided TPLO?

A. Torsional deformity
B. Angular deformity
C. Proximal tibial displacement
D. Tibial length discrepancy
E. Patellar subluxation

Answer: Angular deformity

Explanation: The study found angular deformity was significantly reduced in cadavers using the 3D-printed guide (P < .001).
In Lee 2022 et al., on TPLO accuracy, what was a noted limitation affecting the generalizability of the study?

A. Use of outdated TPLO equipment
B. Only cranial cruciate deficient dogs were used
C. TPLOs were performed by multiple surgeons
D. Cadaver limbs were from dogs of varying sizes and weights
E. TPLOs were performed on live clinical cases

Answer: Cadaver limbs were from dogs of varying sizes and weights

Explanation: Variability in limb size and weight between groups may have influenced results.
In Lee 2022 et al., on TPLO accuracy, what feature of the 3D-printed guide directly aided in more accurate jig pin placement?

A. A digital alignment app
B. A tibial crest locator
C. CT-based jig alignment slot
D. A pinhole positioned perpendicular to the tibial axis
E. A pre-shaped implant guide

Answer: A pinhole positioned perpendicular to the tibial axis

Explanation: The 3D-printed guide included a pinhole aligned perpendicular to the long axis to ensure correct jig pin placement.

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