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Davey et al: Outcomes of dogs with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma treated via modified closed anal sacculectomy (2015–2022)
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • Modified closed anal sacculectomy resulted in a local recurrence rate of only 2.2%, substantially lower than prior reports (18–50%).
  • Postoperative complications occurred in 31.9% of dogs; most (93%) were minor, with dehiscence being the most common.
  • Mean survival time in deceased dogs was 521 days; median was 388 days.
  • Surgical technique included complete en bloc excision of the sac and duct with sphincter reconstruction, aiming to reduce seeding risk.
  • Only one major complication resulted in euthanasia due to infection and dehiscence.
  • Histologic margins were complete in 44.7% of dogs; lymphatic invasion was present in 31.9%, and vascular in 8.5%.
  • Adjunctive chemotherapy was administered in 34% of dogs (mostly carboplatin); not standardized due to retrospective design.
  • Routine rectal exam was key to diagnosis in 57.4% of dogs with no clinical signs, underscoring the importance of screening.

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← Articles

Davey et al: Outcomes of dogs with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma treated via modified closed anal sacculectomy (2015–2022)
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • Modified closed anal sacculectomy resulted in a local recurrence rate of only 2.2%, substantially lower than prior reports (18–50%).
  • Postoperative complications occurred in 31.9% of dogs; most (93%) were minor, with dehiscence being the most common.
  • Mean survival time in deceased dogs was 521 days; median was 388 days.
  • Surgical technique included complete en bloc excision of the sac and duct with sphincter reconstruction, aiming to reduce seeding risk.
  • Only one major complication resulted in euthanasia due to infection and dehiscence.
  • Histologic margins were complete in 44.7% of dogs; lymphatic invasion was present in 31.9%, and vascular in 8.5%.
  • Adjunctive chemotherapy was administered in 34% of dogs (mostly carboplatin); not standardized due to retrospective design.
  • Routine rectal exam was key to diagnosis in 57.4% of dogs with no clinical signs, underscoring the importance of screening.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, what was the observed local recurrence rate following surgery?

A. 0%
B. 2.2%
C. 7.1%
D. 18%
E. 31.9%

Answer: 2.2%

Explanation: The local recurrence rate was only 2.2%, significantly lower than previously reported rates for AGASACA surgery.
In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, what postoperative complication was most commonly reported after modified closed anal sacculectomy?

A. Seroma formation
B. Fecal incontinence
C. Incisional dehiscence
D. Infection
E. Wound necrosis

Answer: Incisional dehiscence

Explanation: Dehiscence occurred in 11 dogs (23.4%) and was the most common complication observed.
In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, what percentage of dogs experienced postoperative complications, and how were most classified?

A. 50%, mostly major
B. 31.9%, mostly minor
C. 12.5%, mostly minor
D. 7.1%, all major
E. 46.8%, mostly major

Answer: 31.9%, mostly minor

Explanation: Postoperative complications occurred in 31.9% of dogs, and 93.3% of those were minor in severity.
In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, how was AGASACA most frequently diagnosed in asymptomatic dogs?

A. Routine CBC and chem panel
B. Abdominal ultrasound
C. Clinical signs of hypercalcemia
D. Palpation during routine rectal exam
E. Abdominal CT scan

Answer: Palpation during routine rectal exam

Explanation: 57.4% of dogs had no signs, and AGASACA was identified on digital rectal examination.
In Davey 2024 et al., on modified closed anal sacculectomy, what feature distinguishes the modified closed technique from the traditional closed method for anal sacculectomy?

A. Removal of only part of the sac
B. Placement of external drain at incision
C. Use of CO₂ laser for excision
D. Circumferential duct excision and en bloc removal
E. Use of linear incision without duct dissection

Answer: Circumferential duct excision and en bloc removal

Explanation: The modified technique involves complete excision of the duct and sac en bloc to reduce tumor cell seeding.

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