In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what histopathologic diagnosis was most commonly associated with resected lung lobes?
A. Neoplasia
B. Pulmonary edema
C. Foreign body granuloma
D. Pneumonia
E. Bronchiectasis
Answer: Pneumonia
Explanation: 10 out of 12 dogs had histopathologic evidence consistent with pneumonia, usually bacterial.
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what technical challenge was more frequently encountered in brachycephalic dogs during OLV?
A. Increased bleeding
B. Tube misplacement
C. Failure to achieve one-lung ventilation
D. Unilateral bronchial collapse
E. Airway spasm
Answer: Failure to achieve one-lung ventilation
Explanation: Brachycephalic dogs had more difficulty achieving successful OLV, likely due to airway conformation.
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what was the perioperative survival rate for dogs undergoing the procedure?
A. 50%
B. 67%
C. 75%
D. 91.7%
E. 100%
Answer: 91.7%
Explanation: Only one dog did not survive the perioperative period due to dyspnea in a brachycephalic breed.
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what was the long-term outcome for dogs that survived the perioperative period?
A. No recurrence in any dog
B. Persistent cough in all dogs
C. 30% recurrence of consolidation
D. Chronic dyspnea requiring oxygen support
E. 50% required reoperation
Answer: No recurrence in any dog
Explanation: All 11 surviving dogs showed no recurrence of disease on follow-up, indicating excellent long-term outcomes.
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lung lobectomy, what was the most common reason for conversion from thoracoscopic to open approach?
A. Poor visualization
B. Failure of one-lung ventilation
C. Severe hemorrhage
D. Pleural adhesions
E. Foreign body migration
Answer: Pleural adhesions
Explanation: The majority of conversions occurred due to adhesions between the lung and pleura, not due to technical failure or hemorrhage.
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what percentage of thoracoscopic lung lobectomies (TL) required conversion to open or assisted procedures?
A. 10%
B. 22%
C. 33%
D. 44%
E. 66%
Answer: 44%
Explanation: Four of nine TL procedures required conversion, resulting in a 44% conversion rate.
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what was the most common reason for conversion from thoracoscopic to open approach?
A. Intraoperative hemorrhage
B. Failure of one-lung ventilation
C. Surgeon inexperience
D. Pleural adhesions
E. Pneumothorax
Answer: Pleural adhesions
Explanation: Pleural adhesions accounted for 3 of 4 conversions to open thoracotomy.
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what was the most common underlying histopathologic diagnosis among dogs undergoing lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation?
A. Bronchioalveolar malformation
B. Bacterial pneumonia
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Fungal pneumonia
E. Cardiac failure
Answer: Bacterial pneumonia
Explanation: Bacterial pneumonia was the primary finding in the majority of dogs (8/12).
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what was the most common perioperative complication in dogs undergoing lung lobectomy?
A. Severe hemorrhage
B. Persistent pneumothorax
C. Staple line dehiscence
D. Mild hemorrhage
E. Wound infection
Answer: Mild hemorrhage
Explanation: Mild, self-limiting hemorrhage occurred in 3 of 12 dogs — the most common complication.
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what was the median long-term follow-up duration for dogs that survived lobectomy?
A. 6 months
B. 12 months
C. 18 months
D. 24 months
E. 36 months
Answer: 24 months
Explanation: Survivors were followed for a median of 24 months with no recurrence of clinical signs.
