🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization (AA-HTS) was successfully completed in all 14 feline cadaver joints.
- Femoral and acetabular tunnel creation was feasible in all cases, though femoral tunnel placement had a higher rate of deviations.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/14 joints, mostly related to femoral tunnel creation and toggle lodging.
- Minor articular cartilage injury (<10% total cartilage area) occurred in 10/14 joints, but no injury to neurovascular or intrapelvic structures.
- Thirteen surgical technique deviations (8 major, 5 minor) were identified in 7 joints, all involving the femoral tunnel.
- Toggle passage through the femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, being mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Postoperative CT and gross dissection confirmed all toggles and buttons were in correct position, without damage to major surrounding structures.
- No deviations, complications, or cartilage injuries occurred in the last 4 joints, suggesting a learning curve effect.
