In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, which material was ultimately used to create **autoclavable cannulas** for use in live patients?
A. PLA filament
B. ABS filament
C. Silicone resin
D. Titanium composite
E. Dental SG print resin
Answer: Dental SG print resin
Explanation: Autoclavable, biocompatible resin (Dental SG) was used to print cannulas for live patient use:contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}.
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, how did the **instrument collision rate** change when using 3D printed cannulas compared to traditional ports?
A. Collisions increased by 50%
B. Collisions were unchanged
C. Collisions decreased significantly
D. Collisions only occurred during trocar insertion
E. Collisions were eliminated entirely
Answer: Collisions decreased significantly
Explanation: Instrument collisions decreased from a mean of 6.8 to 2.6 per procedure (p = 0.03) with 3DPCs:contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}.
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, what **intraoperative complication** was reduced when using only 3DPCs?
A. Port site infection
B. Cannula breakage
C. Cannula pullout and CO₂ leakage
D. Excessive bleeding
E. Serosal tearing
Answer: Cannula pullout and CO₂ leakage
Explanation: Cannula pullout events significantly decreased from 10 to 2.2 with use of 3DPCs (p = 0.03):contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}.
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, what was the observed effect on **mean surgical time** when using only customized 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs) versus standard equipment?
A. There was no difference in surgical time
B. Mean time increased with 3DPCs
C. Mean time decreased by approximately 30 minutes with 3DPCs
D. Surgical time was reduced by half
E. Mean time increased due to equipment malfunction
Answer: Mean time decreased by approximately 30 minutes with 3DPCs
Explanation: The use of 3DPCs decreased mean surgical time from 125.6 to 95.2 minutes (p = 0.03):contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}.
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, what feature of the 3D printed design most directly improved **instrument maneuverability** in small feline abdomens?
A. Use of flexible silicone coating
B. Larger internal diameter of ports
C. Shortened shaft length of the cannulas
D. Custom angled insertion hub
E. Anti-rotation grip fins
Answer: Shortened shaft length of the cannulas
Explanation: 3DPCs were designed ~3 cm long, increasing working space by ~2 cm, improving instrument maneuverability:contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D-printed cannulas in feline laparoscopy, what was the estimated cost of a single 3D printed autoclavable cannula?
A. $0.75
B. $2.50
C. $4.00
D. $4.50
E. Under $5.00
Answer: Under $5.00
Explanation: Total estimated cost per autoclavable 3DPC was <$5 including materials and consumables.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D-printed cannulas in feline laparoscopy, what technical issue occurred with the 3DPC during live surgery case 1?
A. CO2 desufflation from incision
B. Trocar snapped during use
C. Valve ejection from port
D. Insufflation port broke during connection
E. Port caused skin necrosis
Answer: Insufflation port broke during connection
Explanation: This occurred in case 1 and was resolved by adding a luer lock in case 2.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D-printed cannulas in feline laparoscopy, what was the most common cannula-related complication reduced by 3DPCs in the cadaveric model?
A. Port fracture
B. Tissue tearing
C. Cannula pullout
D. Valve breakage
E. Desufflation leakage
Answer: Cannula pullout
Explanation: Cannula pullout events decreased significantly from 10 to 2.2 per procedure (*p* = 0.03).
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D-printed cannulas in feline laparoscopy, which of the following is true about instrument collisions using 3DPCs in cadaver procedures?
A. They were unchanged
B. They increased slightly
C. They occurred only with 11 mm ports
D. They decreased significantly
E. They were only noted in live cases
Answer: They decreased significantly
Explanation: Instrument collisions dropped from 6.8 to 2.6 per procedure when using 3DPCs.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D-printed cannulas in feline laparoscopy, what was the effect on mean surgical time?
A. No effect
B. Decreased by 15 minutes
C. Decreased by 30 minutes
D. Increased by 15 minutes
E. Increased by 30 minutes
Answer: Decreased by 30 minutes
Explanation: Use of 3DPCs reduced mean surgical time from 125.6 to 95.2 minutes (*p* = 0.03).
