🔍 Key Findings

Subject: 7-year-old Labrador underwent cementless total knee replacement (TKR) due to severe stifle OA.

Clinical function:

• Improved ROM from 90° pre-op to 120° post-op.
• Weight-bearing increased from toe-touching to 70% bodyweight by 6 weeks post-op.
• No visible lameness by 14 weeks.

Implant performance:

• No complications at any follow-up points.
• No osteolysis, loosening, or metallosis at 6-year necropsy.

Wear evaluation:

• Mild UHMWPE insert wear, localized to caudal edges.

Histologic findings:

• Robust osseointegration at implant-bone interface.
• Fibrous tissue only in areas lacking porous coating.

Conclusion:

• Cementless TKR demonstrated excellent 6-year survival and functional outcomes.
• Support for considering early surgical intervention in severe stifle OA.

🔍 Key Findings

• Lateral approach to ALN extirpation was successful in 100% of cases (44 dogs, 48 ALNs) with consistent anatomical landmarks (costochondral junction of rib 1 and caudal scapular edge).
• Median time for ALN removal was 16.6 minutes, highlighting a fast and efficient dissection method.
• No intraoperative complications were recorded (e.g., hemorrhage or inability to find the lymph node).
• Postoperative complications occurred in 18% of cases, including seromas (n=2), wound dehiscence (n=4), lameness (n=1), and discomfort (n=1).
• Histopathology revealed 56% of ALNs had tumor-related pathology, including overt metastases, early metastasis (HN2), or premetastatic changes (HN1).
• Normal-sized ALNs (<2 cm) still harbored metastases in 22% of cases, emphasizing the unreliability of size as a staging criterion.
• False negatives in cytology occurred in 4 cases, underlining the limitations of cytologic evaluation for staging.
• The technique was reproducible without specialized tools, suggesting wide applicability in general and referral practice.

🔍 Key Findings

Source: Bush et al., 2023, Veterinary Surgery

• Median survival time (MST) after surgery was 1886 days, which is significantly longer than previously reported.
• Lymph node metastasis at surgery was a negative prognostic factor, reducing MST to 248 days (vs. 2340 days without nodal involvement).
• Local recurrence occurred in 42% of dogs, with a median disease-free interval (DFI) of 191 days.
• Metastatic disease occurred in 32% of dogs, most commonly to the lungs, with a median DFI of 299 days.
• Histologic features (e.g., margin status, capsular, lymphatic, or vascular invasion) were not significantly correlated with recurrence or metastasis.
• Facial nerve injury occurred in 9.7% perioperatively, especially after parotidectomy; intraoperative facial nerve transection led to long-term deficits.
• Adjuvant therapies (chemotherapy, radiation, NSAIDs) did not significantly affect survival time.
• Incisional biopsy was only 38% concordant with final excisional histology, suggesting limited reliability for definitive diagnosis.

🔍 Key Findings

• Microvascular density at the site of foreign body obstruction was significantly lower in obstructed dogs compared to healthy controls.
• PBR (perfused boundary region) was paradoxically lower in obstructed dogs, indicating that PBR may not reliably correlate with tissue viability in this context.
• No significant difference in microvascular perfusion between subjectively viable vs nonviable intestines, suggesting subjective assessment is unreliable.
• No difference in perfusion parameters between handsewn and stapled enterectomies, indicating both techniques preserve vascular health equally.
• Stapled enterectomy using green TA staples is safe and did not impair intestinal perfusion at the anastomosis site.
• SDF videomicroscopy is feasible intraoperatively and can differentiate healthy from diseased intestine in dogs.
• Surgeons' subjective evaluations led to potentially unnecessary enterectomies, as microvascular parameters did not differ.
• No cases of dehiscence or mortality, suggesting both surgical approaches are effective when applied properly.

🔍 Key Findings

• Postoperative Protein C (PC) activity increased in 78.7% of dogs, and was significantly higher in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Complete acute shunt occlusion resulted in higher postoperative PC activity (96.3%) and better ultimate clinical outcomes than incomplete occlusion.
• Preoperative PC was not predictive of clinical status, but postoperative PC was associated with improved outcomes.
• Standard biochemical markers (HCT, MCV, ALB, BUN) also improved postoperatively, especially in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Dogs requiring a second procedure had significantly lower postoperative PC (43.5%) than those not requiring further intervention (78.5%).
• Repeat procedures improved PC and BUN values, with PC increasing significantly after second intervention (to 69.8%).
• PC normalization (within reference interval) occurred in 87.5% of dogs with excellent clinical status, compared to only 12.5% in those with poor status.
• Clinical outcome classification (excellent/fair/poor) correlated with biochemical normalization and lack of need for diet/medications.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Retrospective case series of 15 dogs (19 tarsi) with talar OCD.
• Technique: Modified arthroscopic approach with both scope and instrument portals on the same side as the lesion.
• Outcomes:
  • Good to excellent mid-to-long-term outcomes in 11/14 dogs.
  • Statistically significant improvement in CBPI (p < .05) and VAS scores (p < .05).
  • Minor postoperative complications (synovial cysts) in 4/13 tarsi, all resolved spontaneously.
  • No major intraoperative complications; 1/19 required mini-arthrotomy due to fragment size.
• Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD): Progression noted in 10/14 cases, despite good functional outcomes.
• Fragment Characteristics: Multiple osteochondral fragments were present in most cases, with 17/19 lesions on the medial talar ridge.
• Technical Advantage: Lower conversion rate to arthrotomy (1/19) compared to previous studies (Gielen et al. and Miller & Beale).

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 89 French Bulldogs with HCF; 40.4% (36/89) had contralateral HIF
• Prophylactic transcondylar screws placed in 20/36 HIF; no complications in these
• Complication rate for HCF repair = 13.4% (6.7% minor, 6.7% major)
• Most complications occurred with Kirschner wire fixation
• Short-term outcome: Bone healing observed in all, but 14/45 had persistent intracondylar gap
• Long-term outcomes (n=27):
  • Excellent = 66.7%
  • Good = 29.6%
  • Fair = 3.7%
• Complication-free dogs significantly more likely to have excellent/good outcomes (p = 0.007)

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Retrospective case series of 15 dogs (19 tarsi) with talar OCD.
• Technique: Modified arthroscopic approach with both scope and instrument portals on the same side as the lesion.
• Outcomes:
  • Good to excellent mid-to-long-term outcomes in 11/14 dogs.
  • Statistically significant improvement in CBPI (p < .05) and VAS scores (p < .05).
  • Minor postoperative complications (synovial cysts) in 4/13 tarsi, all resolved spontaneously.
  • No major intraoperative complications; 1/19 required mini-arthrotomy due to fragment size.
• Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD): Progression noted in 10/14 cases, despite good functional outcomes.
• Fragment Characteristics: Multiple osteochondral fragments were present in most cases, with 17/19 lesions on the medial talar ridge.
• Technical Advantage: Lower conversion rate to arthrotomy (1/19) compared to previous studies (Gielen et al. and Miller & Beale).

🔍 Key Findings

• Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures using precontoured plates on 3D-printed models is feasible and technically reproducible in dogs.
• All cadavers had fracture gaps <2 mm and step defects <1 mm, indicating accurate reduction.
• Sciatic nerve injury was minimal or absent in all cases, supporting potential neuroprotection from indirect approaches.
• Pelvic angulation was maintained <5°, confirming preservation of alignment post-reduction.
• Surgical time averaged ~46 minutes in cadavers for both approaches and repair.
• Clinical case showed good radiographic healing by 8 weeks and full union by 3 months, with early weight-bearing post-op.
• Use of locking screws improved reduction fidelity, particularly across a broad plate span.
• 3D printing accelerated surgical planning, though its necessity remains debated due to the availability and cost concerns.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Prevalence of contralateral CCLR in dogs ≥8 years and ≥15kg was 19.1%, notably lower than previous studies (33–50%).
• Median time to contralateral CCLR was 12.9 months.
• Older age reduced risk — 2% decrease per month of age (p=0.003).
• Golden Retrievers and Labradors had significantly lower risk (p=0.028 and p=0.007, respectively).
• No effect found from TPA, meniscal injury, or comorbidities (e.g., hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism).