Your Custom Quiz
In Gibson 2024 et al., on mediastinoscopy in dogs, what lymph node was **most consistently retrieved** using the SILS-port technique?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mediastinoscopy was technically feasible in large-breed canine cadavers using a SILS port and standard laparoscopic instruments.
- The left tracheobronchial lymph node (LTBLN) was successfully retrieved in all cadavers (7/7), while cranial mediastinal lymph nodes were retrieved in only 1/7.
- Postprocedural pleural gas was observed in 4/7 cadavers, likely due to CO₂ insufflation.
- Instrument limitations with a human-designed mediastinoscope led to preference for laparoscopic instruments and SILS port for improved access and visualization.
- Complication rates were low, with only two minor (Grade 1) adverse events (pleural tear and LN rupture).
- Obesity and mediastinal fat were cited as potential challenges to visualization and node retrieval.
- NASA-TLX workload scores were lowest for tracheobronchial nodes, indicating these were the easiest to access.
- The authors concluded this approach may facilitate minimally invasive biopsy or resection of cranial mediastinal masses in live dogs, but clinical trials are needed to validate safety and efficacy.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Evaluation of mediastinoscopy for cranial mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymphadenectomy in canine cadavers
2024-5-VS-gibson-1
In Aldrich 2023 et al., on liposomal bupivacaine in TPLO, what limitation did the authors note regarding their ability to detect a treatment effect?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) infiltration did not reduce the need for rescue analgesia compared with placebo in dogs undergoing TPLO.
- CMPS-SF pain scores were not significantly different between LB and placebo groups at any postoperative time point.
- % body weight distribution (%BWdist) to the operated limb did not differ significantly between treatment groups across all time points.
- No correlation was found between CMPS-SF scores and %BWdist, suggesting these metrics assess different aspects of postoperative pain.
- Postoperative carprofen administration was standardized, and LB did not provide additional detectable analgesic benefit.
- Three-layer infiltration technique (joint capsule, fascia, subcutis) was used consistently across all cases.
- Adverse events were minor and comparable between LB and placebo groups.
- Post hoc analysis suggested a much larger sample size (58–436 dogs) would be needed to detect significant differences in %BWdist.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of bupivacaine liposomal suspension using static bodyweight distribution and subjective pain scoring in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery
2023-5-VS-aldrich-5
In Mihara 2024 et al., on mitral valve repair in dogs, what postoperative change supported improved forward flow?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mitral valve plasty (MVP) in dogs with MMVD significantly reduced regurgitant volume and fraction, and normalized LA:Ao ratio, indicating reversal of volume overload.
- MVP altered mitral valve geometry, with reduced annular dimensions and increased coaptation length, enhancing valve competence.
- Postoperative LA:Ao ratio dropped from 2.2 to 1.2, consistent with improved left atrial pressure and size.
- Forward stroke volume index and cardiac index increased at 3 months, reflecting improved hemodynamic function despite reduced fractional shortening.
- Three dogs (3.9%) died postoperatively, highlighting a 96.1% survival rate within 3 months.
- The repair technique involved artificial chordal replacement and annuloplasty; no cleft closure or leaflet suturing was used.
- Color Doppler echocardiography confirmed substantial reduction in mitral regurgitation postoperatively in most dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Effects of mitral valve repair on valvular geometry and hemodynamics in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
2024-3-VS-mihara-5
In Fink 2025 et al., on Roux-en-Y outcomes, what was the reported overall postoperative mortality rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Roux-en-Y procedures were successfully completed in all 11 cases (6 dogs, 5 cats), despite case complexity and disease severity.
- Median survival post-discharge was longer in cats (365 days) vs. dogs (82 days), with better outcomes in non-neoplastic vs. neoplastic disease (192 vs. 5 days).
- Complication rate was high, with septic peritonitis, dehiscence, and cardiac arrest as leading causes of postoperative death; mortality rate = 36%.
- Dehiscence rate was 8.6% (2 of 23 anastomoses), considered lower than typical rates for GI anastomoses in high-risk patients.
- Feeding tubes (gastrostomy/jejunostomy) were used in all cases, enabling early nutritional support and stomach decompression.
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting were common but mostly self-limiting; managed with metoclopramide, cisapride, and antiemetics.
- Choledochojejunostomy was preferred when common bile duct was dilated, offering a favorable size match and potentially reducing bile leakage.
- Roux-en-Y reduced typical Billroth II complications (e.g., bile reflux, afferent loop syndrome, dumping syndrome), with none observed in discharged patients.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Roux‐en‐Y procedure to reconstruct the upper gastrointestinal tract in six dogs and five cats: A descriptive case series
2025-5-VS-fink-1
In Sandberg 2024 et al., which significant ROM change was observed at the shoulder joint?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Tactical harness use altered kinematics in all forelimb joints
- Elbow most affected: increased extension, internal rotation, abduction at walk and trot
- Carpus: reduced flexion, increased abduction at walk
- Shoulder: least affected, but showed reduced flexion and increased abduction during walk
- Only significant ROM increases:
- Shoulder frontal plane (22%)
- Elbow transverse plane (19%) at walk
- Results suggest potential functional limitations from harness use during duty
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Influence of Wearing a Tactical Harness on Three-Dimensional Thoracic Limb Kinematics
2024-2-VCOT-sandberg-2
In Story 2024 et al., on surgical correction of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA), which group showed significant tibial shortening compared to others?
🔍 Key Findings
- All four techniques achieved TPA <14°, meeting the threshold for acceptable surgical correction in eTPA cases.
- Group A (CBLO + CCWO) and Group D (PTNWO) showed highest accuracy in achieving target TPA values.
- Group B (TPLO + CCWO) resulted in significant tibial shortening compared to other techniques.
- Group A caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift, while Group B caused the least.
- Group C (mCCWO) resulted in consistent under-correction of TPA, despite aiming for 0°.
- Modified or neutral wedge osteotomies (Groups C and D) had minimal effect on tibial length, making them suitable when preservation is important.
- All techniques involved mechanical axis shifts, highlighting the importance of preoperative planning to minimize morphologic disruption.
- Supplemental fixation was standard for all procedures to reduce risks such as tibial tuberosity fracture and plateau leveling loss.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-8-VS-story-2
In Gomes 2025 et al., on subdural shunting for TL-AD, what was the guideline for selecting shunt tube size?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified subdural shunt (SDS) placement was adapted from prior techniques using a hemilaminectomy approach and no suturing of the dura or shunt.
- Dogs receiving SDS had significantly better long-term outcomes (85.7% improved) compared to those with durotomy alone (41.7%).
- Recurrence rate was lower in the SDS group (14.3%) than control (41.7%), though not statistically significant.
- Most recurrences occurred in Pugs (5/7), suggesting a breed predisposition.
- Shunt size was limited to 25% of spinal cord diameter, typically 3–3.5 Fr.
- CSF flow through the shunt was confirmed intraoperatively, supporting the role of SDS in maintaining flow and possibly preventing recurrence.
- Immediate postoperative outcomes were not different between groups (≈42% deteriorated), but long-term recovery was better with SDS.
- Steroid use pre-surgery did not correlate with improved outcome; fewer SDS dogs received steroids pre-op.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Post‐surgical outcome and recurrence rates in thoracolumbar arachnoid diverticula undergoing durotomy alone or alongside a modified technique of subdural shunt-placement in dogs
2025-5-VS-gomes-4
In Simpson 2022 et al., on feline cholecystectomy outcomes, which postoperative complication was most common?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cholelithiasis was the most common indication for cholecystectomy in cats.
- Perioperative complications were frequent, with intraoperative hypotension in all recorded cases and postoperative anemia in 14 cats.
- Perioperative mortality was 21.7%, lower than historical rates for feline biliary surgery.
- 78.3% of cats survived to discharge, and 83.3% of those lived >6 months; 44.4% survived >3 years.
- Vomiting was the most common short- and long-term complication, though most cats were medically managed.
- Concurrent EHBDO was not a contraindication provided CBD patency was restored.
- Positive bacterial cultures were found in 15 cats, with E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis most common.
- Owner-reported outcomes were excellent in all cats that survived long-term.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Cholecystectomy in 23 cats (2005‐2021)
2022-1-VS-simpson-3
In Carvajal 2023 et al., on serum biomarkers post-THA, which statement best describes SAA trends after surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels remained low at 3 and 6 months after uncomplicated THA in dogs.
- No significant differences were observed in CRP or SAA between preoperative, 3-month, and 6-month time points.
- Mean CRP values were 3.8 mg/L pre-op, 0.8 mg/L at 3 months, and 1.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- Mean SAA values were 13.9 mg/L pre-op, 14.1 mg/L at 3 months, and 18.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- All dogs recovered normally with no complications or persistent signs of inflammation at follow-up.
- Study establishes baseline CRP and SAA levels for dogs post-THA, useful for comparison in suspected PJI.
- These markers may help differentiate periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) if values deviate from baseline post-THA.
- NSAID therapy was discontinued by 6 months in all dogs, possibly reflecting decreased inflammation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Serum acute-phase protein concentrations following uncomplicated total hip arthroplasty in dogs
2023-1-VS-carvajal-2
In Shetler 2022 et al., on radial head OCD, what confirmed the diagnosis of osteochondritis dissecans in this case?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bilateral radial head OCD lesions were identified in a 6-month-old English Bulldog with elbow lameness.
- Medial arthroscopic portals allowed only partial visualization of radial head lesions, insufficient for treatment.
- Lateral arthroscopy portals provided excellent access for fragment removal and abrasion arthroplasty.
- Histopathology confirmed OCD, showing cartilage degeneration and retained cartilaginous cores.
- Dog showed complete resolution of lameness and no elbow pain at 5 months post-op.
- Lesions were caudolateral on the radial head, with discoid elevation of cartilage and clefts.
- Lateral approach avoids major neurovascular structures, reducing iatrogenic risk.
- The authors suggest lateral elbow arthroscopy may have broader indications, including for medial compartment disease or synovial biopsies.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
The use of lateral arthroscopy portals for the management of bilateral osteochondritis dissecans of the radial head in an English bulldog
2022-8-VS-shetler-2
Quiz Results
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Key Findings