Your Custom Quiz
In Carwardine 2024 et al., on screw placement in HIF, which placement direction was associated with a significantly higher complication rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- 73 elbows (52 dogs) underwent randomized medial or lateral transcondylar screw placement for HIF.
- Lateral-to-medial placement resulted in a significantly higher rate of complications (62.2%) vs medial-to-lateral (19.4%) (p = .001).
- Odds ratio for complications: 6.11 (95% CI: 2.13–17.52).
- Most common complications: seromas (n = 13), surgical site infections (n = 16).
- Implants with lower AMI/bodyweight were significantly associated with major complications (p = .037).
- Only 4 procedures (5%) required revision surgery (major type I complications), with no difference by screw direction.
- NNT = 2.3 for medial placement to prevent one complication.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Medial versus lateral transcondylar screw placement for canine humeral intracondylar fissures: A randomized clinical trial
2024-2-VS-carwardine-1
In Kikuchi 2025 et al., on arthroscopic MMI in toy breeds, what was the purpose of using a 2.4-mm arthroscope in this population?
🔍 Key Findings
- Medial meniscus injury (MMI) occurred in 36.3% of stifles with CrCLR in toy breed dogs (<5 kg)
- Complete CrCLR was significantly associated with MMI (15.3% of complete vs. 3.4% of partial)
- Severe lameness (grade 3) increased the likelihood of MMI compared to mild lameness (grade 1)
- Higher body weight, even within the toy breed range, was positively associated with MMI
- Yorkshire Terriers had the highest MMI incidence (55.6%), but this was not a significant independent factor due to multicollinearity
- Arthroscopy identified more meniscal damage (including small radial tears and bucket-handle lesions) than gross examination might detect
- MMI was classified as mild (radial tear) or severe (bucket-handle or flap) with implications for partial meniscectomy
- Arthroscopy was used in all cases, underscoring its utility in small-breed stifle assessment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Incidence of Medial Meniscus Injury Detected by Arthroscopy in Toy Breed Dogs
2025-5-VCOT-kikuchi-5
In Adair 2023 et al., on urolith removal techniques, which statement about anesthesia and surgery times is accurate?
🔍 Key Findings
- PCCLm resulted in significantly fewer postoperative lower urinary tract signs compared to OC (13.0% vs 60.9%, p < .001)
- Incomplete urolith removal was similar between PCCLm (11.4%) and OC (20.0%), not statistically significant
- Anesthesia time was significantly shorter in PCCLm (p < .001), although surgery time was not
- PCCLm had shorter hospitalization time than OC (median 0 vs 18 hours, p < .001)
- PCCLm patients were more likely to be discharged the same day (84.7% vs 0%)
- Surgical site infection/inflammation (SSII) was low in both, with no significant difference (PCCLm: 4.5%, OC: 1.8%)
- Incision extension in PCCLm significantly increased SSII risk (OR = 18.76, p = .027)
- More intraoperative complications occurred with PCCLm, though most were minor (22.1% vs 3.4%, p = .021)
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)
2023-6-VS-adair-5-2697d
In Farrell 2022 et al., on checklist reliability in OVH simulation, what was the generalizability (G) coefficient for the 40-item checklist instrument used in the study?
🔍 Key Findings
- 39 of 40 checklist items for simulated OVH surgical assessment had good content validity (CVI = 0.81)
- Only 1 of 6 items from the OSATS GRS (respect for tissue) met inclusion criteria (CVI = 0.80)
- Checklist showed strong reliability (G-coefficient = 0.85) for moderate-stakes exams
- Modified OSATS GRS showed acceptable reliability (G-coefficient = 0.79)
- Two raters needed for acceptable reliability in high-stakes exams when using the checklist
- Minimal interrater bias found; variance largely due to interaction among student, rater, and item
- Digital recordings were a reliable method of evaluating surgical performance
- Study supports using checklist over OSATS GRS for assessing preclinical students on simulated models
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Evaluating validity evidence for 2 instruments developed to assess students' surgical skills in a simulated environment
2022-5-VS-farrell-1
In Eskelinen 2025 et al., on Plate–Pin fixation for MPL, what suggestion was made to reduce future complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Plate–Pin TTT fixation resolved MPL in 64/65 stifles with low recurrence (1.5%) and good lameness outcomes postoperatively.
- Complication rate was 21.5% (14/65 stifles), mostly minor (57%); major issues included pin migration, fracture, or capsular failure.
- Pin-related issues accounted for 8 of 20 total complications, highlighting implant refinement is needed.
- No avulsions, TT fixation failures, or luxation recurrence occurred in cases where surgical technique was followed precisely.
- Surgical deviations increased complication risk 11.3× (p < 0.05), suggesting adherence to protocol is critical.
- Single-session bilateral MPL surgery had comparable complication rate (3/20) to unilateral surgery (11/45).
- Screw breakage occurred in 3 cases, suggesting at least 3 screws may be needed for secure TT fixation.
- Authors suggest temporary pin fixation and later removal may reduce complications, though prospective studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
2025-4-VCOT-eskelinen-4
In Moreira 2024 et al., what was the approximate mean prediction error for the proximal-centered wedge technique?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Type: In silico 3D modeling of canine tibiae (n = 20 limbs)
- Four techniques evaluated:
- Proximal-centered wedge
- Middle-centered wedge
- Distal-centered wedge
- Slocum-type wedge (based on tibial plateau and cranial cortex)
- Target TPA: 5°
- Most accurate: Slocum technique had the smallest mean prediction error (mean = –0.7°, SD = 0.5°)
- Least accurate: Proximal-centered wedge (mean error = –2.9°, SD = 1.2°)
- Error variation: Prediction error increased with greater initial TPA; high correlation (R² = 0.74)
- Conclusion: Planning based on tibial plateau and cranial cortex (Slocum method) yields better TPA predictability
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Predicting tibial plateau angles following four different types of cranial closing wedge osteotomy using patient-specific 3-dimensional computer models
2024-1-VS-moreira-2
In Kokkinos 2025 et al., on THR age effects, which perioperative complication was significantly more common in dogs <6 months of age?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study population: 116 dogs underwent cementless THR; grouped by age:
- Group A: ≤6 months (n = 27)
- Group B: >6 to ≤12 months (n = 41)
- Group C: >12 months (n = 48)
- Overall perioperative complication rate: 31.9% (37/116)
- Group A: 22.2%
- Group B: 26.8%
- Group C: 41.7%
- No significant difference in total complication rate by age (p = .207), though older dogs (Group C) had numerically higher rates.
- Luxation was significantly more common in dogs >12 months:
- Group C: 14.6% vs. Group A (0%) and Group B (2.4%) → p = .049
- Most common complications: luxation (9.5%) and intraoperative fissure or fracture (9.5%)
- Time under anesthesia and surgery duration were not associated with complication risk (p = .297 and p = .781)
- No infections or aseptic loosening observed during the 8-week follow-up.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2025
The influence of age at total hip replacement on perioperative complications in dogs
2025-3-VS-kokkinos-2
In Sandoval 2024 et al., on lung lobectomy technique outcomes, how many lobectomies per group are needed for a superiority study comparing SLL and stapler?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
- All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
- Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
- Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
- 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
- SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
- A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self-ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
2024-7-VS-sandoval-5
In Winston 2023 et al., on LES-AS surgery outcomes, what was the most commonly reported long-term feeding modification?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified Heller myotomy with Dor fundoplication improved vomiting/regurgitation scores by 180%, QoL by 100%, and owner-perceived body weight by 63% (P < .05).
- 6 of 9 dogs with postoperative VFSS showed objective improvement in gastric filling scores; others remained stable.
- Oral sildenafil was discontinued postoperatively in all dogs, indicating surgical success comparable to medical management.
- 12 of 13 dogs survived to discharge; one dog was euthanized due to aspiration pneumonia postoperatively.
- 50% of dogs experienced gastrostomy tube complications, higher than reported in previous literature.
- Most complications were gastrostomy-tube related, with some requiring surgical correction (e.g., tube migration, leakage).
- Feeding strategies (Bailey chair, elevated bowls) and food consistency (gruel/liquid) remained essential postoperatively to control regurgitation.
- 9 of 11 owners would opt for the surgery again; those who wouldn’t cited risk or lack of efficacy.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Management and outcomes of 13 dogs treated with a modified Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication for lower esophageal sphincter achalasia-like syndrome
2023-2-VS-winston-5
In Sadowitz 2023 et al., on screw angle & speed, what was the transcortical fracture (TCF) rate when screws were inserted at a 10° angle at 1350 rpm?
🔍 Key Findings
- TCF risk increased significantly with 10° insertion angle at both 650 rpm (12.5%) and 1350 rpm (17.5%), compared to 0% in the control group (0° at 650 rpm).
- Hand insertion at 10° angle resulted in only 3.75% TCF rate, suggesting lower insertion speed reduces risk.
- No TCFs occurred when screws were inserted coaxially (0°) at either 650 or 1350 rpm, indicating angle is a critical factor.
- Screw speed alone did not increase TCF risk unless combined with off-axis insertion.
- Radiographically detectable TCFs were only considered; actual rates may be higher with direct bone inspection.
- Cutting flutes engaging undrilled bone during off-axis insertion likely contribute to TCF formation.
- Clinical implication: Ensure screws are inserted coaxially and at lower speeds to reduce TCF risk during procedures like TPLO.
- Statistically significant differences were found between control and high-angle insertion groups: Group C (p = .001), Group E (p < .001).
Veterinary Surgery
8
2023
Effect of screw insertion angle and speed on the incidence of transcortical fracture development in a canine tibial diaphyseal model
2023-8-VS-sadowitz-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings