Your Custom Quiz
In Deprey 2022 et al., on gap fracture implants, which construct demonstrated higher torque to failure during torsional testing?
🔍 Key Findings
- NAS-ILN had significantly greater stiffness in both axial compression and 4-point bending compared to LCP constructs.
- Ultimate load to failure was significantly higher for NAS-ILN in compression (804 N vs 328 N) and bending (25.7 Nm vs 16.3 Nm).
- Torsional stiffness and angular deformation were similar, but NAS-ILN resisted higher torque to failure than LCP (22.5 Nm vs 19.1 Nm).
- No slack was observed with the NAS-ILN construct, unlike older nail designs.
- Failure modes differed: LCPs failed via plate bending; NAS-ILNs failed at the implant or bone near screw holes.
- Titanium alloy and curved design of NAS-ILN provides better anatomic fit and more uniform stress distribution.
- A third, perpendicular locking hole in NAS-ILN may enhance torsional stability but was not utilized in this study.
- The curved, angle-stable design of NAS-ILN is a novel advancement in veterinary orthopedics.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Mechanical evaluation of a novel angle‐stable interlocking nail in a gap fracture model
2022-8-VS-deprey-3
In Lhuillery 2022 et al., on GDV stabilization timing, what was noted about degree of gastric torsion between immediate and delayed groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- Survival rates did not differ between immediate (90 min) and delayed (≥5 h) surgical stabilization groups at discharge or 1-month post-op (approx. 80% survival in both).
- Hyperlactatemia at 24 hours post-fluid therapy was significantly associated with in-hospital and 1-month mortality (P = .01 and P = .02).
- Persistent tachycardia during hospitalization was linked to increased 1-month mortality (P = .015).
- Partial gastrectomy was required in ~6–10% of cases, with high associated mortality.
- Preoperative stabilization protocols (trocarization, nasogastric tube) allowed safe surgical delays up to 13.7 hours without impacting survival.
- Degree of gastric torsion differed between groups; more 0° torsions in delayed cases, potentially due to decompression-induced derotation.
- No difference in post-op complications such as arrhythmias, hypotension, or AKI between groups.
- More intra-anesthetic deaths occurred in immediate surgery group, highlighting importance of adequate pre-op stabilization.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Outcomes of dogs undergoing surgery for gastric dilatation volvulus after rapid versus prolonged medical stabilization
2022-5-VS-lhuillery-4
In Adair 2023 et al., on urolith removal techniques, what was the conversion rate from PCCLm to OC?
🔍 Key Findings
- PCCLm resulted in significantly fewer postoperative lower urinary tract signs compared to OC (13.0% vs 60.9%, p < .001)
- Incomplete urolith removal was similar between PCCLm (11.4%) and OC (20.0%), not statistically significant
- Anesthesia time was significantly shorter in PCCLm (p < .001), although surgery time was not
- PCCLm had shorter hospitalization time than OC (median 0 vs 18 hours, p < .001)
- PCCLm patients were more likely to be discharged the same day (84.7% vs 0%)
- Surgical site infection/inflammation (SSII) was low in both, with no significant difference (PCCLm: 4.5%, OC: 1.8%)
- Incision extension in PCCLm significantly increased SSII risk (OR = 18.76, p = .027)
- More intraoperative complications occurred with PCCLm, though most were minor (22.1% vs 3.4%, p = .021)
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Retrospective comparison of modified percutaneous cystolithotomy (PCCLm) and traditional open cystotomy (OC) in dogs: 218 cases (2010–2019)
2023-6-VS-adair-4-433bc
In de la Oliva 2024 et al., what was the rate of dogs achieving an excellent or good long-term outcome?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 89 French Bulldogs with HCF; 40.4% (36/89) had contralateral HIF
- Prophylactic transcondylar screws placed in 20/36 HIF; no complications in these
- Complication rate for HCF repair = 13.4% (6.7% minor, 6.7% major)
- Most complications occurred with Kirschner wire fixation
- Short-term outcome: Bone healing observed in all, but 14/45 had persistent intracondylar gap
- Long-term outcomes (n=27):
- Excellent = 66.7%
- Good = 29.6%
- Fair = 3.7%
- Complication-free dogs significantly more likely to have excellent/good outcomes (p = 0.007)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs: Prevalence of Contralateral Intracondylar Fissure, Treatment, and Outcome
2024-3-VCOT-delaoliva-4
In Lomas 2025 et al., on DPO and dorsolateral subluxation, which of the following factors had **no significant impact** on change in DLS score after DPO?
🔍 Key Findings
- DPO significantly improved femoral head coverage, increasing mean DLS from 36.1% to 71.4% postoperatively (p < 0.001).
- No significant change in DLS between immediate postoperative and follow-up scans, suggesting stable surgical outcomes over time.
- Greater plate angle (30°) yielded larger DLS improvement (mean increase: 39.8%) compared to 25° and 20° plates.
- Only 3 hips had post-op DLS scores <55%, indicating most patients had lower risk of osteoarthritis progression.
- No correlation found between DLS improvement and age, body weight, or side of surgery, suggesting broad applicability.
- CT was used for DLS measurement in simulated weight-bearing, improving precision over radiographic methods.
- Major limitations included small sample size, multiple surgeons, and variable sedation vs anesthesia during imaging.
- DPO confirmed as effective for reducing dorsolateral subluxation, improving coxofemoral joint congruency in dysplastic dogs.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
The Impact of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsolateral Subluxation in 24 Dogs
2025-2-VCOT-lomas-5
In Viitanen 2023 et al., on zygomatic sialoadenectomy, which surgical complication was specifically avoided by using the intraoral approach?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intraoral approach (IOA) reduced surgical time compared to lateral orbitotomy (median: 42.0 vs 65.7 minutes, p = .005)
- Ease of closure (Stage III) was better with IOA (p < .001), though gland removal (Stage II) was easier with LOA (p = .039)
- Complete gland removal was achieved in 8/10 IOA vs 10/10 LOA cases in cadaveric study
- All 3 clinical cases had uneventful recoveries post-IOA, including one carcinoma, with no intra- or short-term postoperative complications
- LOA had superior surgical exposure, but was more invasive and time-consuming
- IOA posed greater difficulty in complete gland removal in brachycephalic dogs, with remnant tissue noted in 2/10 cadavers
- IOA avoids osteotomy, reducing potential complications like delayed union and postoperative pain
- Cosmetic outcomes and healing were better with IOA, and no E-collar was required postoperatively
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Intraoral approach for zygomatic sialoadenectomy in dogs: An anatomical study and three clinical cases
2023-2-VS-viitanen-2
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, what **intraoperative complication** was reduced when using only 3DPCs?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed cannulas (3DPCs) reduced mean surgical time significantly in cadaveric procedures (125.6 vs 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
- Cannula pullout events decreased from a mean of 10 to 2.2 per procedure when using only 3DPCs (p = 0.03).
- Instrument collisions were significantly fewer with 3DPCs (6.8 vs 2.6 collisions, p = 0.03).
- Live patients experienced no postoperative complications, including no incision site infections or discomfort.
- Initial versions of 3DPCs had minor issues, including valve leakage and looser trocar fit, requiring surgical workarounds.
- Customization of cannula shaft length (3 cm vs standard 5–8.3 cm) improved working space and reduced instrument interference.
- Production cost was under $5 per cannula, suggesting 3DPCs may be a cost-effective and reusable alternative for small patients.
- Study supports broader use of 3DPCs in laparoscopic procedures requiring long-jawed instruments or intricate tissue handling.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
2023-6-VS-buote-2-9d119
In Scheuermann 2024 et al., on 3D-printed reduction systems, what percentage of dogs in the 3D-MIPO group had near-anatomic or acceptable fracture reductions?
🔍 Key Findings
- The study was a historic case-control trial comparing custom 3D-printed VSP-guided MIPO (3D-MIPO) to conventional MIPO (c-MIPO) in dogs with diaphyseal tibial fractures.
- Surgical time was significantly shorter in the 3D-MIPO group (117 min vs. 151 min; p = .014), and fluoroscopy use was dramatically reduced (11 vs. 37 images; p < .001).
- All 3D-MIPO reductions were acceptable or near-anatomic; 2 c-MIPO dogs had unacceptable reductions.
- Tibial length, frontal, and sagittal alignment post-op were similar between groups; no significant difference in anatomic restoration (p > .1).
- Radiographic union occurred in all dogs by 3 months. Time to union was similar between groups (3D-MIPO: 67 days vs. c-MIPO: 53 days; p = .207).
- Postoperative complication rate was higher in 3D-MIPO (27% vs. 14%), including 2 major infections requiring implant removal.
- 3D-MIPO required more pre-op time (~23 hours longer from presentation to surgery; p = .002), partly due to guide printing/sterilization.
- Improved surgical efficiency and more consistent reductions were noted in the 3D-MIPO group, supporting its clinical utility despite increased pre-op logistics.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Virtual surgical planning and use of a 3D‐printed, patient‐specific reduction system for minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of diaphyseal tibial fractures in dogs: A historic case control study
2024-6-VS-scheuermann2-3
In Janas 2024 et al., on ARC outcomes in cats, what best describes the relationship between seizures and postoperative bloodwork?
🔍 Key Findings:
- Study design: Retrospective, 20 cats with congenital EHPSS treated with ameroid ring constrictor (ARC).
- Perioperative complication rate: 25% (5/20), including seizures, blindness, ascites, and one death.
- Short-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 14
- Good: 2
- Poor: 2
- Long-term outcomes (18 cats):
- Excellent: 15
- Good: 1
- Poor: 2
- Persistent seizures: Noted in some cats despite normal bile acids and CBC/chemistry.
- Preoperative blindness resolved in most cats.
- Mean follow-up duration: Median 8 years.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical outcomes for 20 cats with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts treated with ameroid constrictor ring attenuation (2002–2020)
2024-2-VS-janas-5
In Mullen 2024 et al., on NIRF for GDV, what intraoperative variable was significantly different between viable and nonviable groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- NIRF altered surgical strategy in 3 of 20 GDV dogs, identifying necrosis not appreciated subjectively.
- Fundic fluorescence <10% indicated histologically confirmed gastric necrosis.
- In 1 dog, NIRF revealed nonviability despite the surgeon’s impression of viability.
- Staple line fluorescence resembled viable tissue in the only stapled gastrectomy, suggesting preservation of perfusion.
- GDV dogs (even “viable”) showed lower fluorescence vs. healthy controls, indicating subclinical vascular compromise.
- Histology confirmed full-thickness necrosis in all 4 dogs with NIRF-defined nonviability.
- Pre-op lactate was significantly higher in nonviable GDV dogs (8.55 vs 4.89 mmol/L, p=0.03).
- No complications were reported from ICG use; imaging was safe and repeatable.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Use of real-time near-infrared fluorescence to assess gastric viability in dogs with gastric dilatation volvulus: A case-control study
2024-4-VS-mullen-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings