Your Custom Quiz
In Sandoval 2024 et al., on lung lobectomy technique outcomes, which factor was NOT statistically associated with the type of lung lobectomy performed?
🔍 Key Findings
- Intra- and postoperative complications occurred only in stapled lobectomies, but the difference was not statistically significant (intra: p = .069, post: p = .112).
- Intraoperative hemorrhage was the most common complication (11.8%), followed by air leakage (2%).
- All self-ligating loop (SLL) lobectomies had zero complications (n=18), though the sample was small.
- Postoperative complications included 4 catastrophic events (cardiopulmonary arrest), all in stapled cases.
- Lung lobectomy technique was not associated with duration of chest tube use, hospitalization, or survival (p > .05).
- 94.3% of patients survived to discharge (82/87).
- SLLs are lower-cost and may be more feasible for thoracoscopic/minimally invasive approaches due to smaller port size (5mm vs. 12mm for staplers).
- A future superiority study would need ≥103 lobectomies per group to assess differences in complication rates.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Short‐term outcomes of dogs and cats undergoing lung lobectomy using either a self-ligating loop or a thoracoabdominal stapler
2024-7-VS-sandoval-3
In Beamon 2022 et al., on calcanean tunnel orientation, what was concluded regarding all tested drilling techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in peak load, failure load, stiffness, or 3 mm gap formation among bone tunnel types.
- Transverse tunnel (TT) constructs had 25% higher yield load than modified tunnels (MT) (P = .027).
- Most common failure mode was suture pull-through (67%), with no significant difference between groups.
- Gap formation ≥3 mm occurred in ~90% of constructs; no significant difference in force needed for gap among groups.
- All bone tunnel techniques (TT, VT, MT) are viable options for CCT reattachment in dogs.
- The 3-loop pulley (3LP) pattern provided strong, uniform repair, with higher loads to failure than previously reported.
- TT constructs showed more tendon distortion at the repair interface during loading.
- Inclusion of accessory tendon may have improved repair strength compared to prior studies using GT alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Effect of calcanean bone‐tunnel orientation for teno‐osseous repair in a canine common calcanean tendon avulsion model
2022-4-VS-beamon-5
In Dalton 2023 et al., on acetabular fracture repair, what was the observed rate of sciatic nerve injury in cadaveric repairs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures using precontoured plates on 3D-printed models is feasible and technically reproducible in dogs.
- All cadavers had fracture gaps <2 mm and step defects <1 mm, indicating accurate reduction.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal or absent in all cases, supporting potential neuroprotection from indirect approaches.
- Pelvic angulation was maintained <5°, confirming preservation of alignment post-reduction.
- Surgical time averaged ~46 minutes in cadavers for both approaches and repair.
- Clinical case showed good radiographic healing by 8 weeks and full union by 3 months, with early weight-bearing post-op.
- Use of locking screws improved reduction fidelity, particularly across a broad plate span.
- 3D printing accelerated surgical planning, though its necessity remains debated due to the availability and cost concerns.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-6-VS-dalton-1
In Whitney 2022 et al., on CBLO fixation strength, which CBLO construct demonstrated significantly **higher yield load** than all other configurations tested?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO fixation with both a headless compression screw (HCS) and tension band (TB) showed the highest yield and ultimate loads compared to other configurations
- HCSTB constructs had significantly higher yield load (1212 N) and ultimate load (1388 N) than Plate alone (788 N, 774 N), HCS alone (907 N, 927 N), or TB alone (1016 N, 1076 N)
- No difference in construct stiffness was detected among the four fixation methods tested
- All constructs ultimately failed by bone fracture—location of failure differed by construct type (e.g., through HCS hole or cranial screw hole)
- TB and HCSTB groups showed failure via progressive TB stretching and cranial osteotomy widening, while Plate and HCS failed more abruptly
- All constructs withstood forces exceeding expected quadriceps load in vivo (170–325 N), suggesting all methods can resist physiological loading, but HCSTB provides greater safety margin
- HCS alone was not significantly stronger than Plate or TB alone, questioning its standalone superiority
- Study supports using TB and HCS together for optimal construct strength, but clinical studies are needed to validate implant fatigue, healing, and failure rates
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Ex vivo biomechanical comparison of four Center of Rotation Angulation Based Leveling Osteotomy fixation methods
2022-1-VS-whitney-3
In Miller 2024 et al., on surgical comparison of staphylectomy vs. FFP, which breed most frequently underwent a folded flap palatoplasty?
🔍 Key Findings
- FFP resulted in longer median surgery (75 min) and anesthesia (111 min) durations than S (51 min and 80 min, respectively).
- No significant difference in anesthetic complications, regurgitation, aspiration pneumonia, or hospitalization time between S and FFP.
- Major complications were rare (4%) and equally distributed between procedures; included tracheostomy and euthanasia due to severe airway disease.
- Postoperative oxygen use was common (52% of dogs) but not significantly different between procedures.
- FFP dogs more often had laryngeal collapse (especially Grade 1: 68% vs. 32% in S dogs).
- Most dogs (85%) had concurrent nares surgery, with caudal wedge resection more frequent in FFP dogs.
- Few dogs needed revision soft palate surgery (7/124 total); similar between groups.
- Postoperative clinical signs improved across both procedures; regurgitation was the most persistent sign post-op.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Complications and outcome following staphylectomy and folded flap palatoplasty in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome
2024-8-VS-miller-4
In Espinel Rupérez 2023 et al., on feline hip stabilization, what was the most common type of iatrogenic injury observed in cadaveric joints?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization (AA-HTS) was successfully completed in all 14 feline cadaver joints.
- Femoral and acetabular tunnel creation was feasible in all cases, though femoral tunnel placement had a higher rate of deviations.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/14 joints, mostly related to femoral tunnel creation and toggle lodging.
- Minor articular cartilage injury (<10% total cartilage area) occurred in 10/14 joints, but no injury to neurovascular or intrapelvic structures.
- Thirteen surgical technique deviations (8 major, 5 minor) were identified in 7 joints, all involving the femoral tunnel.
- Toggle passage through the femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, being mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Postoperative CT and gross dissection confirmed all toggles and buttons were in correct position, without damage to major surrounding structures.
- No deviations, complications, or cartilage injuries occurred in the last 4 joints, suggesting a learning curve effect.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats: An ex vivo feasibility study
2023-6-VS-espinel-1
In Eskelinen 2025 et al., on Plate–Pin fixation for MPL, what was the authors’ recommendation regarding the number of screws for TT fixation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Plate–Pin TTT fixation resolved MPL in 64/65 stifles with low recurrence (1.5%) and good lameness outcomes postoperatively.
- Complication rate was 21.5% (14/65 stifles), mostly minor (57%); major issues included pin migration, fracture, or capsular failure.
- Pin-related issues accounted for 8 of 20 total complications, highlighting implant refinement is needed.
- No avulsions, TT fixation failures, or luxation recurrence occurred in cases where surgical technique was followed precisely.
- Surgical deviations increased complication risk 11.3× (p < 0.05), suggesting adherence to protocol is critical.
- Single-session bilateral MPL surgery had comparable complication rate (3/20) to unilateral surgery (11/45).
- Screw breakage occurred in 3 cases, suggesting at least 3 screws may be needed for secure TT fixation.
- Authors suggest temporary pin fixation and later removal may reduce complications, though prospective studies are needed.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
4
2025
Outcome and Complications Following Medial Patellar Luxation Corrective Surgery with Tibial Tuberosity Transposition Using a Locking Plate and a Pin Fixation: 45 Unilateral and 20 Single-Session Bilateral Procedures
2025-4-VCOT-eskelinen-5
In Kang 2023 et al., on 3DEP accuracy, which of the following statements best describes the effect of surgical experience on performance?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed endoscopy ports (3DEP) enabled accurate ventral slot creation in cadaveric dogs at C3–C4, regardless of surgeon experience.
- Screw trajectory accuracy was high, with mean angular deviation <2.5°, entry/exit point deviation <1.6 mm, and <0.6 mm screw penetration into the spinal canal.
- No statistical differences were found between experienced and inexperienced surgeons for slot dimensions or screw placement accuracy.
- Ventral slot length and width ratios were within recommended limits, averaging ~30% and ~46% of vertebral body dimensions, respectively.
- 27/30 slots were classified as ideal (Type I), with all 3 deviating cases still considered clinically safe.
- 3DEP design allowed precise alignment and fixation, reducing risk of tilting and improving visualization without soft tissue intrusion.
- Custom dilator system facilitated safe, repeatable MISS approach without need for retractors or excessive tissue manipulation.
- Debris containment and suction through the 3DEP improved visualization, compared to conventional MISS techniques.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2023
Accuracy of a 3‐dimensionally printed custom endoscopy port for minimally invasive ventral slot decompression in dogs: A cadaveric study
2023-8-VS-kang-4
In Nicetto 2024 et al., how many dogs experienced full functional recovery following TRP implantation?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 48 dogs (60 stifles) underwent custom 3D-printed TRP implantation for patellar luxation
- 24 treated with TRP alone; 36 with additional procedures (e.g., DFO, TTT)
- Success rate: 59/60 corrected patellar tracking
- Functional outcome: 57/60 full function, 2 acceptable, 1 unacceptable
- Complication rate: 3 total (2 minor, 1 major recurrence)
- TRP spares cartilage unlike trochleoplasty, offering implant-based ridge augmentation
- No implant loosening or infection observed
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Trochlear Ridge Prostheses for Reshaping Femoral Trochlear Ridges in Dogs with Patellar Luxation
2024-2-VCOT-nicetto-5
In Case 2024 et al., on feline pancreatectomy, which complication occurred postoperatively in one cat?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Success rate: All 9 cats underwent successful laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy.
- Complications:
- 1 minor intraoperative hemorrhage (Grade 1)
- 1 sterile peritonitis (Grade 2) post-op, resolved conservatively
- Pancreatic function:
- fTLI decreased by 37% (p = .03), but stayed within normal limits
- fPLI and A1C were unchanged
- Resection details:
- Mean weight: 3.0 ± 1.4 g
- Mean surgical time: 59.7 ± 16.2 min
- Follow-up: 250–446 days — all cats remained clinically healthy
- Conclusion: Ultrasonic LPP is safe and effective in healthy cats, preserving endocrine/exocrine function
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy of the left limb using a harmonic scalpel in nine cats
2024-2-VS-case-2
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings