🔍 Key Findings

• CBLO was effective for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs with CrCL injuries, avoiding disruption of proximal tibial growth plates.
• Radiographic union of the osteotomy occurred in a mean of 6 weeks (range: 4–8 weeks), indicating rapid bone healing.
• Full limb function was restored in all cases by long-term follow-up (mean 23 months), including dogs with initial complications.
• Two dogs developed 19° valgus deformities due to screw interference with the proximal tibial physis; both were corrected surgically with return to function.
• One dog developed 10° recurvatum due to over-rotation of the tibial plateau, but retained full function without revision.
• CCS (countersink compression screw) caused early apophyseal closure in older dogs but had no adverse clinical effects.
• In contrast, K-wire or plate-only fixation preserved open apophysis, suggesting implant choice may influence growth.
• No meniscal injuries were observed, and all CrCL injuries were managed arthroscopically — 6 complete, 6 partial, 4 avulsions.

🔍 Key Findings

• Arthroscopic meniscal suturing was performed in 43 client-owned dogs, involving 44 meniscal repairs (one dog was bilateral). All injuries involved the caudal horn of the medial meniscus and were associated with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) disease.
• All dogs underwent simultaneous TPLO, with some also receiving an internal brace (IB). Most repairs used simple vertical mattress sutures.
• The overall complication rate was 34.1% (15/44). Most complications were attributed to the TPLO/TPLO+IB and did not compromise the meniscal repair outcome.
• No median time to “acceptable” or “full” function was reported, but most dogs showed improvement in lameness and LOAD scores (p < .001), indicating good to excellent outcomes.
• Meniscal repair success rate was 88% (38/44), with TPLO + IB outperforming TPLO-only (93.3% vs 71.4%). Follow-up was performed at 8 weeks (40 dogs) and 6 months (16 dogs).
• Six failures occurred, all managed with arthroscopic meniscectomy, leading to normal activity in those dogs. Two IB-associated failures led to CrCL instability.
• The authors concluded the technique was safe, practical, and effective, with a reasonable complication rate.
• The findings support arthroscopic suturing as a feasible alternative to meniscectomy or meniscal release, offering long-term benefits for preserving the meniscus.

🔍 Key Findings

• BLIS (bupivacaine liposome injectable solution) provided equivalent analgesia to fentanyl CRI based on CMPS-SF scores at all time points except 6h, where BLIS was superior
• Fewer adverse effects (nausea, vomiting, sedation) were noted in the BLIS group
• BLIS dogs ate sooner postoperatively (median 6h vs 9h in control)
• Sedation occurred in 2/20 dogs in BLIS group vs 10/20 in fentanyl group
• Vomiting occurred in 0/20 BLIS dogs vs 4/20 in fentanyl group
• Rescue analgesia rates were similar (5 BLIS vs 4 fentanyl group), confirming noninferiority
• Owner-reported VAS scores were lower for BLIS on day 1 a.m. and p.m. despite variability
• Results suggest BLIS could reduce opioid reliance post-amputation

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 47 dogs (57 elbows) underwent TCS placement for HIF
• Overall complication rate = 17.5%
  • Minor: seromas (7 elbows)
  • Major: septic arthritis (3 elbows) — all resolved with antibiotics
• No screw failures, medial epicondylar fractures, or catastrophic outcomes noted
• Long-term follow-up in 41 dogs (50 elbows):
  • 90% full function, 10% acceptable function
  • Mean follow-up = ~2.5 years
• Increased age was significantly protective (p = 0.0051; OR = 0.61)
• TCS placement method (freehand, guide, aiming device) significantly impacted screw angulation but not complication rate
• Outcome not affected by presence of complications

🔍 Key Findings

• Overall survival to discharge: 107 of 132 dogs (81%)
• Quartile improvement: Survival increased steadily from 67% in Q1 to 91% in Q4
  • Q1: 22/33 survived
  • Q2: 27/33
  • Q3: 28/33
  • Q4: 30/33
• Statistical significance: Higher operative rank significantly associated with improved survival (p < .05)
• Median cross clamp time (XCT): 73 min (range 40–165), but increased again in Q4
• Fatalities (n=25) were often due to:
  • Failure to wean from CPB
  • Intracranial vascular events (stroke)
  • Intrathoracic hemorrhage
• Breed representation: CKCS (23.5%), Chihuahua (22%), Crossbreeds (21%)
• Stages of MMVD: Stage C (67%), Stage D (27%), Stage B2 (6%)
• Emphasis on deliberate multidisciplinary teamwork for outcome improvement
• Highlights importance of technical and non-technical team skills, procedural standardization, and consistent personnel

🔍 Key Findings

• Cholelithiasis was the most common indication for cholecystectomy in cats.
• Perioperative complications were frequent, with intraoperative hypotension in all recorded cases and postoperative anemia in 14 cats.
• Perioperative mortality was 21.7%, lower than historical rates for feline biliary surgery.
• 78.3% of cats survived to discharge, and 83.3% of those lived >6 months; 44.4% survived >3 years.
• Vomiting was the most common short- and long-term complication, though most cats were medically managed.
• Concurrent EHBDO was not a contraindication provided CBD patency was restored.
• Positive bacterial cultures were found in 15 cats, with E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis most common.
• Owner-reported outcomes were excellent in all cats that survived long-term.

🔍 Key Findings

• Luxoid hip dysplasia (LH) was present in 8% of THA cases and significantly increased risk of major complications (p < .001).
• Intraoperative fissures/fractures were 3x more likely in LH dogs vs non-LH (39% vs 16%, p = .001).
• Dorsal luxation was more frequent in LH dogs (28% vs 4%, p = .019).
• Acetabular cup placement with ALO >35° was associated with luxation in LH dogs.
• Morphologic abnormalities (e.g., femoral valgus, lateralization/medialization of cortices) were common in LH and may complicate implantation.
• Despite higher risk, 94% of LH dogs achieved satisfactory outcomes after appropriate revisions.
• Younger age and lighter weight characterized LH dogs (mean age 14.7 months vs 40.9 months, p < .001).
• All LH dogs were treated with cementless stems; prophylactic cerclage was rarely used.

🔍 Key Findings

Incidence of BFX lateral bolt stem breakage: 2.95% (13 dogs, 14 stems)

Implant factors:

• 13/14 were BFX lateral bolt stems (sizes #5–7)
• +9 necks used in 5/11 of 17 mm heads
• 10/14 stems undersized based on radiographs
• 10/13 dogs exceeded weight limits for implanted stem size

Malalignment:

• 10/14 had varus alignment (median 3.9°)
• 8/14 had insufficient proximodistal seating

Breakage site: Proximolateral shoulder in all cases

Revision outcomes:

• 11 revised (7 CFX, 3 larger BFX, 1 collared)
• 9/10 revised dogs regained full function
• Complications: 1 rebreakage, 1 periprosthetic fracture, 1 fixation failure

Histopathology:

• Electron microscopy showed fatigue striations and incomplete bead fusion

Conclusion: Avoid small BFX lateral bolt stems if undersized or if long necks required; use weight guidelines to prevent fatigue failure.

🔍 Key Findings

• Owner-reported regurgitation improved after CMS, especially post-eating and during activity (P = .012 and P = .002)
• No significant improvement in VFSS measures of SHH or GER postoperatively (P > .05 for all comparisons)
• Laryngeal ventriculectomy and soft palate resection were performed in all dogs, alaplasty in 14/16
• Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 1 dog immediately post-op and resolved with treatment
• Post-op esophagoscopy results varied, with persistent esophagitis in some cases
• Clinical response was variable, with ~25–30% of dogs being “non-responders” based on owner scoring
• 13/16 dogs showed partial or full clinical improvement, despite no change in objective SHH/GER indicators
• Final follow-up at median 36.5 months showed some dogs still on medical therapy; one underwent further surgery