Your Custom Quiz
In Cortez 2024 et al., on feline ectopic ureters, what was the most common postoperative complication following surgical correction of ectopic ureters?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ectopic ureters in cats are rare, but most are extramural and bilateral.
- Surgical techniques used included ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), neoureterostomy (NU), nephroureterectomy, and cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA).
- All cats showed improvement in urinary continence postoperatively, with 11/12 achieving complete resolution.
- Major complications were rare; one cat developed uroabdomen requiring revision surgery.
- Diagnostic imaging was effective, with abdominal ultrasound diagnosing 8/10 and CT 3/3 cases.
- Short- and long-term complications included urethral spasms, UTIs, stranguria, and rectal prolapse; all were manageable.
- CLA was successful in 2 cats and is noted as a first-time described technique in feline ectopic ureter cases.
- Median postoperative follow-up was 340 days, supporting good long-term outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of cats undergoing surgical treatment of ectopic ureters
2024-6-VS-cortez-4
In Guénégo 2025 et al., on AMA-based CCWO, which subgroup had the most consistent axis alignment postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- AMA-based CCWO realigned the anatomical and mechanical axes in 82% of dogs >50 kg, with postoperative AMA angle of 0° in most cases.
- Surgical site infection (SSI) rate was only 0.5%, markedly lower than TPLO-reported rates in similar populations (up to 37.5%).
- All osteotomies achieved Grade 4 healing by 8 weeks, with no implant failures.
- AMA-based planning based on preoperative AMA and TPA allowed for better correction of proximal tibial angulation compared to TPLO in large dogs.
- Use of a double locking plate (DLP) fixation and Robert Jones bandage (RJB) contributed to improved mechanical stability and infection prevention.
- Dogs with AMA angle >3.4° (hyper-CCAPT) were 38% of the cohort, supporting AMA as a critical metric in planning.
- Postoperative alignment of the AA and MA was more consistently achieved when preoperative AMA was >2.4°, confirming suitability of AMA-based CCWO for severe angulation.
- Most infections in TPLOs occur within 15 days, but RJB plus antibiotics in this study appeared protective, suggesting benefit for early-phase SSI prevention.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
3
2025
Modified Cranial Closing Wedge Osteotomy (AMA-Based CCWO) to Treat Cranial Cruciate Ligament Deficient Stifle in 204 Dogs Over 50 Kg
2025-3-VCOT-guenego-5
In Dobberstein 2024 et al., on liver biopsy forceps, what was concluded about diagnostic suitability of 3 mm samples?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 12 healthy colony cats, 68 total liver samples collected via laparoscopy
- Biopsy instruments: 3 mm vs 5 mm Storz Blakesley cup forceps
- Techniques: Twist (T), Pull (P), Twist + Pull (TP)
- Results:
- 5 mm forceps yielded significantly more hepatic lobules (mean 12.4 vs 4.9), portal triads (29.6 vs 19.0), weight, and histologic area (p < .01)
- T and P techniques yielded more portal triads and lobules than TP (p = .003 and p = .015)
- TP technique resulted in greater tissue crush vs T (p = .01)
- Good diagnostic agreement between 3 mm and 5 mm samples only with TP (κ = 0.75)
- All samples were of sufficient diagnostic quality, despite size or technique
- Clinical implication: Both 3 mm and 5 mm forceps are viable; further studies are needed to confirm diagnostic accuracy of 3 mm samples
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Comparison of the diagnostic yield of 3 and 5 mm laparoscopic liver biopsy forceps in cats
2024-2-VS-dobberstein-5
In Sandberg 2024 et al., which joint was most affected by the tactical harness in all planes of motion?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Tactical harness use altered kinematics in all forelimb joints
- Elbow most affected: increased extension, internal rotation, abduction at walk and trot
- Carpus: reduced flexion, increased abduction at walk
- Shoulder: least affected, but showed reduced flexion and increased abduction during walk
- Only significant ROM increases:
- Shoulder frontal plane (22%)
- Elbow transverse plane (19%) at walk
- Results suggest potential functional limitations from harness use during duty
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Influence of Wearing a Tactical Harness on Three-Dimensional Thoracic Limb Kinematics
2024-2-VCOT-sandberg-1
In Longo 2022 et al., on CT-guided osteotomies, what was the primary method used to intraoperatively determine the amount of rotational correction needed for torsional deformities?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D CT volume rendering and CAL measurement successfully guided correction of femoral and tibial torsion in dogs with patellar luxation (PL).
- Physiological patellar tracking was restored in 100% (22/22) of cases after detorsional osteotomy.
- 94% of dogs (17/18) had either full or acceptable functional outcomes post-surgery.
- CAL-based correction was accurate in 19/22 cases, confirming reliability of the measurement technique.
- Complication rate was 45%, with major complications in 2/22 cases—both involved combined femoral and tibial osteotomies.
- Combined femoral and tibial osteotomies in the same limb were linked to a higher risk of complications and poorer outcomes.
- Diaphyseal osteotomies offered more implant space, but metaphyseal locations were associated with faster bone healing.
- Use of a TPLO jig or goniometer was not essential—CAL-based bone marking was sufficient in most cases.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Three‐dimensional volume rendering planning, surgical treatment, and clinical outcomes for femoral and tibial detorsional osteotomies in dogs
2022-7-VS-longo-1
In Cantatore 2022 et al., on transanal submucosal resection, what was the major complication rate following surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- Submucosal resection via a transanal approach was associated with a low rate (1.1%) of major complications and prolonged survival across benign and malignant rectal tumors.
- Overall recurrence rate was 21.5%, with higher recurrence in malignant tumors: 28.6% (carcinomas) and 30.4% (carcinoma in situ) vs. 13.6% (adenomas).
- Complications (P = .032) and incomplete margins (P = .023) were independently associated with increased recurrence risk.
- Recurrence was the only factor associated with increased risk of tumor-related death (P = .046).
- Repeat submucosal resection was successful in 60% of dogs with recurrence, indicating feasibility of this as a salvage approach.
- 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates for carcinomas were 95%, 89%, and 73%, though overall survival was significantly longer for benign tumors (P = .001).
- Preoperative diagnostics (FNA, biopsy) were often inconsistent with final histopathology – only 64.3% biopsy agreement.
- Presurgical imaging was not consistently performed, limiting accurate staging in many dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Submucosal resection via a transanal approach for treatment of epithelial rectal tumors – a multicenter study
2022-3-VS-cantatore-3
In Mayhew 2023 et al., on BOAS surgery effects, what was a significant clinical benefit observed in owner-reported symptoms post-CMS?
🔍 Key Findings
- Owner-reported regurgitation improved after CMS, especially post-eating and during activity (P = .012 and P = .002)
- No significant improvement in VFSS measures of SHH or GER postoperatively (P > .05 for all comparisons)
- Laryngeal ventriculectomy and soft palate resection were performed in all dogs, alaplasty in 14/16
- Aspiration pneumonia occurred in 1 dog immediately post-op and resolved with treatment
- Post-op esophagoscopy results varied, with persistent esophagitis in some cases
- Clinical response was variable, with ~25–30% of dogs being “non-responders” based on owner scoring
- 13/16 dogs showed partial or full clinical improvement, despite no change in objective SHH/GER indicators
- Final follow-up at median 36.5 months showed some dogs still on medical therapy; one underwent further surgery
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Effect of conventional multilevel brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome surgery on clinical and videofluoroscopic evidence of hiatal herniation and gastroesophageal reflux in dogs
2023-2-VS-mayhew-3
In Raleigh 2022 et al., on pericardiectomy complications, what preoperative finding may serve as a warning sign for intraoperative VF?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ventricular fibrillation (VF) occurred in 3% of pericardiectomy cases across reporting institutions.
- 14 of 16 dogs (88%) that developed intraoperative VF died, indicating high mortality.
- Electrosurgical devices were used in 15/16 dogs; VF onset coincided with their use in 8 dogs, suggesting a potential but unproven association.
- Preoperative arrhythmias were seen in 7 dogs (e.g., VPCs, VT, bradycardia), possibly serving as early warning signs.
- Thoracoscopic approach was used in 75% of cases; however, conversion to open surgery was required in 9/13 thoracoscopic procedures after VF onset.
- Defibrillation was attempted in 13 dogs, but only 3 converted to sinus rhythm, and only 2 survived postoperatively.
- VF may result from stray current or cardiac manipulation; bipolar energy devices were implicated despite lower theoretical risk.
- Preventative strategies include judicious electrosurgery use, close ECG monitoring, rapid CPR preparedness, and preop cardiac risk assessment.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
The development of ventricular fibrillation as a complication of pericardiectomy in 16 dogs
2022-4-VS-raleigh-4
In Duvieusart 2025 et al., on lung lobectomy approaches, what percentage of the lung was typically removed by weight across all techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Canine cadaveric study comparing intercostal thoracotomy (ICT), median sternotomy (MS), and transdiaphragmatic with caudal median sternotomy (TDCM) for accessory lung lobectomy (ALL).
- Main Outcomes:
- Exposure Area: TDCM (193.5 cm²) > MS (106.5 cm²) > ICT (73.5 cm²) (p = .01).
- TDCM provided significantly greater exposure than MS (p = .02) and ICT (p = .02); MS > ICT (p = .04).
- Surgical Time: No significant difference (p = .06).
- Lobe Excision (% by weight/surface area): No significant difference between groups (p = .4).
- Staple Line Leak: Leak at ≤40 cmH₂O in 2/4 ICT, 0/4 MS, 0/4 TDCM (p = .09).
- Complications:
- 1/4 MS cases had iatrogenic damage to an adjacent lobe.
- Technical Insights:
- TDCM approach allowed immediate visualization of all three parts of the right pulmonary ligament.
- The TDCM approach offers improved access without requiring en bloc removal with the right caudal lobe.
- Conclusion: The TDCM approach provides improved exposure for ALL lobectomy with no increase in surgical time or complications relative to other approaches.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2025
Comparison of three approaches for accessory lung lobectomy in the canine cadaveric model: Intercostal thoracotomy, median sternotomy, and a transdiaphragmatic approach combined with caudal median sternotomy
2025-1-VS-duvieusart-3
In Burton 2025 et al., on antebrachial conformation, what is a proposed biomechanical consequence of increased PRUDA?
🔍 Key Findings
- PRUDA (proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle) and UCORA (ulnar center of rotation of angulation) were significantly greater in Cocker Spaniels with HIF vs those without.
- PRUDA (p < .001): Group 1 (HIF) vs Group 2 & 3.
- UCORA (p = .036): Group 1 vs Group 3.
- Other angles (MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA, torsion) showed no significant differences.
- Increased PRUDA and UCORA may lead to divergent load vectors across the humeral condyle, potentially predisposing to stress fracture (HIF).
- Measurement techniques using CT-based 3D reconstructions were reliable (intraobserver ICC > 0.84).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2025-4-VS-burton-5
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings