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Ferreira et al: Repeatability and reproducibility of a tomographic method for measuring tibial torsion in dogs with medial patellar luxation
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2025

🔍 Key Findings

Objective: Validate a new 3D CT-based method for measuring tibial torsion in dogs with MPL, comparing it to a traditional method.

Sample: 40 tibiae from client-owned dogs with MPL (primarily small-breed).

Repeatability (intraobserver):

  • New method: ICC = 0.99 → excellent agreement

Reproducibility (interobserver):

  • New method: ICC = 0.83 → high agreement
  • Traditional method: ICC = 0.52 → moderate agreement

Torsion angle measurements:

  • New method avg: 16.00° ± 8.77
  • Traditional method avg: 8.76° ± 4.92

Conclusion: The new method is more repeatable, reproducible, and provides higher torsion values than the traditional Aper method, especially reliable for small-breed dogs.

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← Articles

Ferreira et al: Repeatability and reproducibility of a tomographic method for measuring tibial torsion in dogs with medial patellar luxation
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2025

🔍 Key Findings

Objective: Validate a new 3D CT-based method for measuring tibial torsion in dogs with MPL, comparing it to a traditional method.

Sample: 40 tibiae from client-owned dogs with MPL (primarily small-breed).

Repeatability (intraobserver):

  • New method: ICC = 0.99 → excellent agreement

Reproducibility (interobserver):

  • New method: ICC = 0.83 → high agreement
  • Traditional method: ICC = 0.52 → moderate agreement

Torsion angle measurements:

  • New method avg: 16.00° ± 8.77
  • Traditional method avg: 8.76° ± 4.92

Conclusion: The new method is more repeatable, reproducible, and provides higher torsion values than the traditional Aper method, especially reliable for small-breed dogs.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Ferreira 2025 et al., on tibial torsion measurement, what was the average torsion angle measured using the new method?

A. 8.76° ± 4.92
B. 10.3° ± 6.1
C. 12.25° ± 5.40
D. 16.00° ± 8.77
E. 19.50° ± 9.20

Answer: 16.00° ± 8.77

Explanation: The new CT-based method reported a mean torsion angle of 16.00° ± 8.77.
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on tibial torsion measurement, which method had the highest interobserver reproducibility?

A. Traditional radiographic method
B. Aper method
C. CT-based method from 2023 study
D. 3D tomographic method described in this study
E. Manual goniometric evaluation

Answer: 3D tomographic method described in this study

Explanation: The new method had an interobserver ICC of 0.83, higher than the traditional method (0.52).
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on tibial torsion measurement, which population was primarily studied?

A. Large-breed dogs with CCL rupture
B. Healthy dogs with no orthopedic disease
C. Dogs with elbow dysplasia
D. Small-breed dogs with MPL
E. Dogs with bilateral THR

Answer: Small-breed dogs with MPL

Explanation: The study focused on dogs with MPL, mostly from small breeds.
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on tibial torsion measurement, how did the traditional method compare in interobserver agreement?

A. ICC = 0.99
B. ICC = 0.83
C. ICC = 0.52
D. ICC = 0.39
E. ICC = 0.25

Answer: ICC = 0.52

Explanation: The traditional method had moderate interobserver agreement (ICC = 0.52).
In Ferreira 2025 et al., on tibial torsion measurement, which of the following best describes the intraobserver agreement of the new method?

A. Weak agreement
B. Moderate agreement
C. Excellent agreement
D. Unreliable
E. Not assessed

Answer: Excellent agreement

Explanation: The new method demonstrated excellent intraobserver repeatability with ICC = 0.99.

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