🔍 Key Findings
- Open face version was significantly greater than truncated face version by 14°–22° (p <.001).
- Open face version increased linearly with inclination and pelvic extension, while truncated face version remained largely stable.
- Truncated face version is an unreliable surrogate for open face version.
- Accurate interpretation of cup version should include both truncated face version and inclination.
- Canine 3D pelvic model and CT-based simulation used for all measurements.