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Song et al: Receiver operating characteristics of computed tomography (CT) compared to cystoscopy in diagnosis of canine ectopic ureters: Thirty-five cases
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • CT correctly identified ectopic ureters in 91% of dogs, but missed 50% of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
  • Sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, while specificity was 71%, indicating moderate diagnostic performance.
  • Sensitivity for extramural ectopic ureters was only 29%, despite a high specificity of 97%.
  • CT was inaccurate in predicting ureteral orifice location, with sensitivity ranging from 0% to 76% depending on the site.
  • 26% of dogs were misclassified for cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA) eligibility based on CT findings alone.
  • Overall CT accuracy for CLA candidacy was 74%, but a significant minority would have been inappropriately treated.
  • Multivariate analysis found no predictive factors (e.g., colon distension, body weight) for when CT would be incorrect.
  • Authors recommend confirmatory cystoscopy to verify CT findings prior to treatment planning.

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← Articles

Song et al: Receiver operating characteristics of computed tomography (CT) compared to cystoscopy in diagnosis of canine ectopic ureters: Thirty-five cases
Veterinary Surgery 3, 2024

🔍 Key Findings

  • CT correctly identified ectopic ureters in 91% of dogs, but missed 50% of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
  • Sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, while specificity was 71%, indicating moderate diagnostic performance.
  • Sensitivity for extramural ectopic ureters was only 29%, despite a high specificity of 97%.
  • CT was inaccurate in predicting ureteral orifice location, with sensitivity ranging from 0% to 76% depending on the site.
  • 26% of dogs were misclassified for cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA) eligibility based on CT findings alone.
  • Overall CT accuracy for CLA candidacy was 74%, but a significant minority would have been inappropriately treated.
  • Multivariate analysis found no predictive factors (e.g., colon distension, body weight) for when CT would be incorrect.
  • Authors recommend confirmatory cystoscopy to verify CT findings prior to treatment planning.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, what did the authors conclude regarding CT's role in surgical planning?

A. CT is the gold standard for diagnosis
B. CT should replace cystoscopy in all cases
C. CT is useful only for bilateral ureters
D. CT should be confirmed with cystoscopy
E. CT alone is sufficient in males

Answer: CT should be confirmed with cystoscopy

Explanation: CT misclassified too many dogs to serve as the sole diagnostic tool; cystoscopy is recommended for confirmation.
In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, how did CT perform in detecting extramural ectopic ureters?

A. Sensitivity 29%, specificity 97%
B. Sensitivity 97%, specificity 29%
C. Sensitivity and specificity both 76%
D. Sensitivity 65%, specificity 71%
E. Sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%

Answer: Sensitivity 29%, specificity 97%

Explanation: CT poorly detected extramural ureters (29% sensitivity) but had high specificity.
In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, what percentage of dogs with normal ureters were missed by CT?

A. 10%
B. 26%
C. 37%
D. 50%
E. 74%

Answer: 50%

Explanation: CT correctly identified all ectopic ureters in 91% but missed half of normal ureters, limiting its negative predictive value.
In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, what was the sensitivity of CT for intramural ectopic ureters?

A. 97%
B. 85%
C. 65%
D. 40%
E. 29%

Answer: 65%

Explanation: CT sensitivity for intramural ectopic ureters was 65%, showing moderate detection ability.
In Song 2024 et al., on CT vs cystoscopy for ectopic ureters in dogs, what proportion of dogs were misclassified for CLA candidacy based on CT findings alone?

A. 10%
B. 18%
C. 26%
D. 33%
E. 41%

Answer: 26%

Explanation: 26% of cases were misclassified for CLA based on CT, underlining its limitations for treatment planning.

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