McKay et al: Biomechanical evaluation of three adjunctive methods of orthopedic tension band-wire fixation to augment simulated patella tendon repairs in dogs
Veterinary Surgery 8, 2023

Combined transpatellar and suprapatellar TBW augmentation had significantly greater yield (p = .0008), peak (p = .004), and failure loads (p = .005) than either technique alone.
Construct stiffness was highest in the combined TBW group, indicating greater resistance to deformation.
Gap formation >3 mm was least frequent in the combined group (6%), suggesting better tendon apposition and healing potential.
Predominant failure mode in the combined group was wire unraveling (39%), whereas core suture pull-through was more common in transpatellar (67%) and suprapatellar (44%) groups.
Patellar fractures occurred only in the combined group (11%), possibly due to transosseous tunnel placement.
Combined TBW augmentation more closely approximated the strength of native intact tendons, per control comparisons.
Despite similar rates of early gapping, load required to produce gap formation was significantly higher in the combined group (p = .036).
All specimens used locking loop (LL) core sutures with simple continuous epitendinous suture (SCES) for primary repair, offering a standardized base for augmentation comparison.

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Combined transpatellar and suprapatellar TBW augmentation had significantly greater yield (p = .0008), peak (p = .004), and failure loads (p = .005) than either technique alone.
Construct stiffness was highest in the combined TBW group, indicating greater resistance to deformation.
Gap formation >3 mm was least frequent in the combined group (6%), suggesting better tendon apposition and healing potential.
Predominant failure mode in the combined group was wire unraveling (39%), whereas core suture pull-through was more common in transpatellar (67%) and suprapatellar (44%) groups.
Patellar fractures occurred only in the combined group (11%), possibly due to transosseous tunnel placement.
Combined TBW augmentation more closely approximated the strength of native intact tendons, per control comparisons.
Despite similar rates of early gapping, load required to produce gap formation was significantly higher in the combined group (p = .036).
All specimens used locking loop (LL) core sutures with simple continuous epitendinous suture (SCES) for primary repair, offering a standardized base for augmentation comparison.