Kuvaldina et al: Development of a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph nodes in dogs
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • Endoscopic excisional biopsy of axillary lymph nodes was successfully performed in cadavers and clinical dogs with minimal complications.
  • The technique used a SILS port and CO₂ insufflation through a small incision between the latissimus dorsi and superficial pectorals.
  • In 4 cadavers (6 limbs), mean time to remove axillary nodes was 33 minutes, and single nodes were found in 5/6 limbs.
  • In 3 clinical dogs, the procedure was successful in 2 cases; 1 required conversion to open surgery due to difficulty manipulating the node.
  • Accessory axillary nodes were successfully excised when present, located adherent to deep latissimus dorsi.
  • No cases developed lymphedema, pneumothorax, or major complications postoperatively.
  • Subjective benefits included better visualization, reduced dissection, and less postoperative morbidity than open techniques.
  • Study suggests MIS lymphadenectomy may improve staging accuracy and reduce complications, though larger studies are needed.

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Kuvaldina et al: Development of a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph nodes in dogs
Veterinary Surgery 6, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • Endoscopic excisional biopsy of axillary lymph nodes was successfully performed in cadavers and clinical dogs with minimal complications.
  • The technique used a SILS port and CO₂ insufflation through a small incision between the latissimus dorsi and superficial pectorals.
  • In 4 cadavers (6 limbs), mean time to remove axillary nodes was 33 minutes, and single nodes were found in 5/6 limbs.
  • In 3 clinical dogs, the procedure was successful in 2 cases; 1 required conversion to open surgery due to difficulty manipulating the node.
  • Accessory axillary nodes were successfully excised when present, located adherent to deep latissimus dorsi.
  • No cases developed lymphedema, pneumothorax, or major complications postoperatively.
  • Subjective benefits included better visualization, reduced dissection, and less postoperative morbidity than open techniques.
  • Study suggests MIS lymphadenectomy may improve staging accuracy and reduce complications, though larger studies are needed.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., on endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy, what was a key benefit of the minimally invasive approach compared to open surgery?

A. Improved cosmetic appearance of the surgical site
B. Reduced need for lymph node identification
C. Decreased visualization of critical structures like vessels
D. Increased bleeding from deeper planes
E. Improved visualization of surgical landmarks and vascular structures

Answer: Improved visualization of surgical landmarks and vascular structures

Explanation: The study highlighted better identification of vessels and nerves using endoscopy, enhancing safety.
In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., on endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy, what led to conversion to open surgery in one clinical case?

A. Pneumothorax during insufflation
B. Inability to locate the SILS port
C. Inadequate analgesia for recovery
D. Failure to identify the accessory node
E. Difficulty grasping and elevating the axillary node near vessels

Answer: Difficulty grasping and elevating the axillary node near vessels

Explanation: The surgeon could not safely mobilize the node adjacent to the vasculature.
In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., on axillary lymph node excision, what was the average surgical time to remove axillary lymph nodes using the minimally invasive technique in cadavers?

A. 12 minutes
B. 25 minutes
C. 33 minutes
D. 41 minutes
E. 52 minutes

Answer: 33 minutes

Explanation: The mean time reported for excision of axillary lymph nodes in cadaver specimens was 33 minutes.

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