🔍 Key Findings

• 78% of cats that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) surgery survived to 30 days.
• Postattenuation seizures (PAS) were associated with significantly decreased 30-day survival (50% vs. 78%; OR: 0.015, p = .005).
• Treatment of PANS with propofol was a negative prognostic factor (OR: 0.112, p = .0008).
• Generalized PAS accounted for most seizure cases and were more frequently fatal than focal or unknown-type seizures.
• Pretreatment with levetiracetam (LEV1 protocol) showed a trend toward improved survival (100% vs. 60.6% in untreated cats), though not statistically significant (p = .06).
• Shunt morphology, method of attenuation, and study period (early vs. late) were not significantly associated with 30-day survival.
• Electrolyte, glucose, and ammonia abnormalities were not strongly linked to survival outcomes in this study.
• Majority of PAS-related deaths were due to uncontrolled generalized seizures or euthanasia because of severity.

🔍 Key Findings

• Skin staple anastomosis (SSA) had comparable leak pressures to hand-sewn anastomosis (HSA) but required half the time to complete.
• Skin staple enterotomy (SSE) had significantly lower leak pressures than hand-sewn enterotomy (HSE) and failed in 12/20 constructs during pressure testing.
• HSE constructs took 8× longer to complete than SSE, but had much higher intraluminal pressure tolerance.
• All SSE constructs leaked from the center, with 35% leaking immediately and 60% showing catastrophic failure.
• SSA leakage occurred at the center in 40% of constructs, likely due to a learning curve in early samples.
• All constructs had higher pressures than normal physiologic intestinal pressure (4.0 mmHg ±2.0), except some SSEs with immediate leaks.
• Authors recommend SSA as a viable alternative with appropriate training but do not recommend SSE using the tested technique in live cats.
• Staple size and placement technique are key factors; smaller or more precisely placed staples may reduce leak risk.

🔍 Key Findings

• No significant difference in non-infected incisional dehiscence rates among groups using PDS vs. Monocryl for subcutaneous and skin closure.
• Overall dehiscence rate: 9.48% (22/232 dogs).
• Postoperative antibiotic use and signs of inflammation were significantly associated with dehiscence (p = .023 and p < .001, respectively).
• Dogs not receiving postoperative antibiotics had a higher dehiscence rate (14.74%) than those that did (5.84%).
• Most dehiscence cases were superficial (85.7%), and the average length of dehiscence was 1.71 cm.
• No statistically significant impact of weight, BCS, incision length, procedure type, surgeon experience, closure direction, or barrier use on dehiscence rate.

🔍 Key Findings

• Complication rate for subdermal plexus flaps (SPFs) in dogs was 53.6%.
• Skin staples had a numerically higher complication rate (72.2%) than sutures (49.3%), but not statistically significant due to small sample size.
• Most common complication was wound dehiscence (35%), followed by seroma (14%) and wound discharge (14%).
• Increased body weight was significantly associated with higher complication risk (OR = 1.056 per kg; p = .029).
• Advancement flaps were associated with a lower incidence of complications on univariable analysis (p < .001).
• Head region flap closures had fewer complications, while proximal pelvic limb closures had the highest complication rate.
• Age was a risk factor—each additional year increased odds of complications (OR = 1.019; p = .004).
• Closure technique did not significantly influence complication severity, though staple use was numerically worse.

🔍 Key Findings

• Patients: 16 (11 dogs, 5 cats); 6.1% of canine and 23.8% of feline PL cases were traumatic.
• Most common luxation direction: Medial (81.3%).
• Surgery: All had capsular imbrication; 75% had fabello-patellar suture (FPS).
• Short-term results (13/16 cases):
  • 77% had no lameness by 2 months.
  • 85% had no PL recurrence.
  • 3 severe complications: capsulorrhaphy tear, FPS fabellar tear, septic arthritis.
• Long-term results (13/16 cases):
  • 85% lameness-free.
  • 77% full function; 23% acceptable.
  • 0 reluxations reported by owners.

🔍 Key Findings

• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) was successfully performed in all 22 cats without conversion to open surgery.
• Complication rate was low: 3 cats had postoperative complications (1 seroma, 1 vomiting, 1 EHBDO and death).
• Median operating time was 41 minutes; median hospitalization was 3 days.
• No cases required conversion to open laparotomy, even in cats as small as 2.5 kg.
• Common devices used: Hemoclips or Hem-o-lok for cystic duct ligation; Ligasure, harmonic scalpel, or j-hook for dissection.
• Most common indications: cholelithiasis (9/22) and cholecystitis (10/22), with one biliary mucocele and one adenoma.
• Histopathology confirmed diagnosis in all cases; concurrent liver or intestinal biopsies were performed in some cats.
• Postoperative AUS and bloodwork were routine and important for detecting early signs of EHBDO.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 20 shoulders from 11 medium-to-large breed dogs evaluated
• Lateral portals used: middle arthroscopic, caudal instrument, cranial egress
• Musculotendinous lesions unavoidable, but small (18G needle); seen in deltoideus (90%), infraspinatus, teres minor, etc.
• Neurovascular safety:
  • Caudal portal was closest to axillary artery/nerve branches (as close as 7 mm)
  • Only 2/20 shoulders (10%) had omobrachial vein penetrated
• Cartilage injuries (IACI) occurred in 65%, primarily minor linear defects; use of guarded cannulas and distractors suggested for minimization
• Supports overall safety of lateral shoulder arthroscopy with portal placement awareness

🔍 Key Findings

• Patients: 16 (11 dogs, 5 cats); 6.1% of canine and 23.8% of feline PL cases were traumatic.
• Most common luxation direction: Medial (81.3%).
• Surgery: All had capsular imbrication; 75% had fabello-patellar suture (FPS).
• Short-term results (13/16 cases):
  • 77% had no lameness by 2 months.
  • 85% had no PL recurrence.
  • 3 severe complications: capsulorrhaphy tear, FPS fabellar tear, septic arthritis.
• Long-term results (13/16 cases):
  • 85% lameness-free.
  • 77% full function; 23% acceptable.
  • 0 reluxations reported by owners.

🔍 Key Findings

Objective: Determine if topical 45 mg/mL amikacin in CMC gel leads to systemic absorption in dogs with wounds.

Dogs enrolled: 11 client-owned dogs, with 31 applications of the gel.

Serum findings:

• Only 5 of 153 samples were above the 2.5 µg/mL quantification limit
• All values remained <5 µg/mL, the presumed toxicity threshold
• No correlation was found between dose-related parameters (mg, mg/kg, mg/cm²) and serum amikacin levels

Peak concentrations were observed at ~2 hours post-application, declining rapidly thereafter

No nephrotoxicity observed, and most values were below detection

Conclusion: Topical amikacin gel appears safe at doses up to 24.9 mg/kg, with minimal systemic absorption

🔍 Key Findings

• Open transcholecystic cholangioscopy was feasible using a 3.8 mm disposable flexible endoscope in all 8 canine cadavers.
• Visualization was consistently achieved up to the junction of the hepatic ducts, common bile duct, and cystic duct.
• Advancement past the junction was limited by the endoscope diameter (3.8 mm) and anatomical flexure.
• The 1.9 mm flexible ureteroscope could visualize the entire biliary tree, including the major duodenal papilla, in a large dog (43.8 kg).
• Endoscopic tools (e.g., 3 Fr grasping forceps) could be passed through the working channel only after removing the irrigation line.
• Standard biopsy forceps were incompatible with the disposable endoscope's 1.2 mm working channel.
• Cadaver study showed no rupture, but clinical extrapolation is limited due to lack of diseased tissue.
• Disposable endoscope setup cost (~$6,100) was significantly lower than traditional endoscopy systems (~$75,000–100,000), improving accessibility.