Your Custom Quiz
In Alvarez 2024 et al., which method produced significantly more caudal compression than Kern forceps alone?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- F + P (forceps + plate compression) achieved the most uniform, high-pressure distribution across all quadrants.
- Kern forceps alone concentrated force in craniomedial quadrant, reducing caudal compression.
- Combining Kern + F improved craniolateral compression but did not restore caudal compression.
- Plate compression alone yielded caudal bias, not uniform pressure.
- Significant inter-method variation in quadrant-specific compression confirmed via ANOVA (p < 0.001 for all quadrants).
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
In Vitro Assessment of Compression Patterns Using Different Methods to Achieve Interfragmentary Compression during Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy
2024-2-VCOT-alvarez-5
In Scharpf 2024 et al., what type of analysis was used to assess limb loading recovery over time?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subtotal coronoidectomy improved vertical and propulsive forces, but braking forces remained subnormal at 26 weeks.
- No significant benefit was seen from ACP vs placebo at any timepoint across all force parameters or lameness scores.
- Force plate analysis was more sensitive than visual lameness scoring.
- Braking force (%FY+) was best at detecting persistent lameness, and SI < 0.9 persisted in most dogs at 26 weeks.
- Outcome less favorable than historically reported — challenges status of subtotal coronoidectomy as “gold standard” for MCD.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Assessment of Arthroscopic Subtotal Coronoidectomy in Treating Medial Coronoid Disease and Effect of Concurrent Autologous Conditioned Plasma in Dogs Using Force Plate Analysis
2024-2-VCOT-scharpf-4
In Griffin 2025 et al., on sentinel lymph mapping, which method provided surgical planning advantages before dissection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Six dogs with thyroid carcinoma underwent preoperative CT lymphography (CTL) and intraoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping using methylene blue (MB) and indocyanine green (ICG) with near-infrared (NIR) imaging.
- SLNs were successfully identified in all dogs (6/6).
- SLNs included medial retropharyngeal, cranial deep cervical, and superficial cervical nodes.
- Metastatic carcinoma was found in 3/12 SLNs, in 2/6 dogs.
- Some discordance occurred between CTL and intraoperative SLN findings (partial match in 3/6).
- Protocol modifications (e.g., reduced dye volume, post-exposure injection) improved localization and minimized dye diffusion.
- No intraoperative complications or adverse events occurred.
- Study supports further investigation of combined SLN mapping techniques in canine thyroid cancer.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
A combination of pre‐ and intraoperative techniques identifies sentinel lymph nodes in dogs with thyroid carcinoma: A pilot study
2025-4-VS-griffin-5
In Story 2024 et al., on surgical correction of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA), which procedure consistently under-corrected the tibial plateau angle despite a target TPA of 0°?
🔍 Key Findings
- All four techniques achieved TPA <14°, meeting the threshold for acceptable surgical correction in eTPA cases.
- Group A (CBLO + CCWO) and Group D (PTNWO) showed highest accuracy in achieving target TPA values.
- Group B (TPLO + CCWO) resulted in significant tibial shortening compared to other techniques.
- Group A caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift, while Group B caused the least.
- Group C (mCCWO) resulted in consistent under-correction of TPA, despite aiming for 0°.
- Modified or neutral wedge osteotomies (Groups C and D) had minimal effect on tibial length, making them suitable when preservation is important.
- All techniques involved mechanical axis shifts, highlighting the importance of preoperative planning to minimize morphologic disruption.
- Supplemental fixation was standard for all procedures to reduce risks such as tibial tuberosity fracture and plateau leveling loss.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-8-VS-story-4
In Sabol 2024 et al., what was the smallest allowable deviation angle reported?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Evaluated ideal dorsolateral implant trajectories in T1–T13 using CT in 30 dogs across five weight classes.
- Corridor widths were narrowest in the mid-thoracic vertebrae (as little as 1.8 mm) and increased cranially and caudally.
- Allowable deviation angles (ADA) were often very small (as little as 3°), indicating high risk for canal or thoracic structure breach.
- Distances to critical structures (lungs, aorta, subclavian artery, azygos vein) were often <1 mm, even in large dogs.
- Data suggest extreme caution and precision are needed for thoracic vertebral implant placement and support use of navigation or 3D-printed guides.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes
2024-2-VCOT-sabol-2
In Papacella-Beugger 2024 et al., what issue led to three screws being poorly positioned?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Cadaveric study using 3 miniature breed dogs (6 hemipelves) to assess spinal neuronavigation accuracy for lumbar plate fixation
- 20 screws placed using CBCT-based navigation with real-time tracking
- 85% (17/20) of screws were safely and accurately placed
- Median deviation of screw entry points from plan: 1.8 mm
- All 3 misplaced screws occurred in a single cadaver, attributed to inexperienced drill handling
- Custom 3D-printed lightweight tracking array was necessary due to small spinous processes in miniature dogs
- No iatrogenic canal perforations or vertebral damage in any specimen
- Concludes neuronavigation offers precise, safe placement of spinal implants in small dogs, with minimal anatomic disruption
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
6
2024
Spinal Neuronavigation for Lumbar Plate Fixation in Miniature Breed Dogs
2024-6-VCOT-papacella-beugger-3
In Planchamp 2022 et al., on imaging-based AAI diagnosis, what was the reported specificity of VCI ≥0.16 in extension for diagnosing AAI?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ventral Compression Index (VCI) ≥0.16 (extension) or ≥0.2 (flexion) was diagnostic for AAI with 100% sensitivity and >94% specificity
- VCI had the highest diagnostic accuracy among all measured variables (AUC > 0.99)
- C1-C2 overlap ≤2.7 mm (extension) or ≤1.8 mm (flexion) also diagnostic for AAI (sensitivity 84–96%, specificity 81–90%)
- C1-C2 angle ≥176.9° (extension) or ≥187.4° (flexion) had high sensitivity and specificity (~95%)
- Basion-dens interval ≥5.9 mm (extension) or ≥3.0 mm (flexion) provided moderate diagnostic accuracy
- Cranial translation ratio (CTR) ≥0.18 classified dogs as potentially unstable (sensitivity 90%, specificity 78%)
- VCI ≥0.23 reliably differentiated AAI from potentially unstable cases (sensitivity 94%, specificity 94%)
- DALR ≤0.24 had high specificity (100%) but low sensitivity for AAI diagnosis
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small-breed dogs
2022-4-VS-planchamp-5
In Rocheleau 2023 et al., on shoulder stabilization, what was the primary advantage of the suture-toggle technique compared to bone anchors?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopically assisted stabilization with an IAD was feasible in cadaveric canine shoulders using both bone anchor and suture-toggle techniques.
- Suture-toggle repair was successfully performed in all specimens, while bone anchors could not be deployed in 3/10 shoulders, indicating lower feasibility.
- Median surgical time was shorter for the suture-toggle group (25.5 min) compared to the anchor group (37.3 min).
- Postoperative abduction angles returned to baseline in the anchor group, while the suture-toggle group had slightly reduced angles, suggesting possible overtightening.
- Violation of the articular surface occurred in 2 anchor specimens and 1 suture-toggle specimen, but none were considered likely to be clinically significant.
- Overall targeting accuracy using the IAD was 88%, supporting its utility in guiding tunnel/anchor placement.
- CT measurements showed acceptable bone stock and insertion angles, but anchor insertion angles were lower than optimal for mechanical pullout strength.
- Suture-toggle technique was considered simpler and more consistent, with fewer complications and faster execution than anchor placement.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Ex vivo evaluation of arthroscopically assisted shoulder stabilization in dogs using an intra-articular aiming device
2023-4-VS-rocheleau-1
In Hertel 2025 et al., on portal venotomy for insulinoma, what material and technique were used to close the venotomy site?
🔍 Key Findings
- Portal venotomy enabled successful en bloc resection of a pancreatic insulinoma and associated thrombus in the portal vein, a novel approach in veterinary literature.
- Temporary portal vein occlusion (15 min) was well tolerated, causing only transient small intestinal congestion without lasting hemodynamic compromise.
- No intraoperative hemorrhage occurred following vascular isolation and venotomy repair with 5–0 polypropylene in a simple continuous pattern.
- Postoperative complications were minimal, with only moderate pancreatitis managed medically and no portal hypertension observed on follow-up imaging.
- Histopathology confirmed insulinoma, with no initial metastasis; CT at 6 months revealed hepatic and peritoneal metastases but no local recurrence at the venotomy site.
- Portal vein luminal stenosis occurred post-repair but was clinically insignificant.
- Advanced CT imaging and 3D printed modeling significantly enhanced surgical planning and anatomical assessment.
- Surgical excision achieved good short-term outcomes, and the dog was alive and euglycemic one year later despite metastatic disease.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Successful venotomy for portal tumor thrombus removal due to pancreatic carcinoma in a dog
2025-5-VS-hertel-4
In Cortez 2024 et al., on feline ectopic ureters, what was the most common anatomical classification of ectopic ureters in cats?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ectopic ureters in cats are rare, but most are extramural and bilateral.
- Surgical techniques used included ureteroneocystostomy (UNC), neoureterostomy (NU), nephroureterectomy, and cystoscopic laser ablation (CLA).
- All cats showed improvement in urinary continence postoperatively, with 11/12 achieving complete resolution.
- Major complications were rare; one cat developed uroabdomen requiring revision surgery.
- Diagnostic imaging was effective, with abdominal ultrasound diagnosing 8/10 and CT 3/3 cases.
- Short- and long-term complications included urethral spasms, UTIs, stranguria, and rectal prolapse; all were manageable.
- CLA was successful in 2 cats and is noted as a first-time described technique in feline ectopic ureter cases.
- Median postoperative follow-up was 340 days, supporting good long-term outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Presentation, diagnosis, and outcomes of cats undergoing surgical treatment of ectopic ureters
2024-6-VS-cortez-2
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