Your Custom Quiz
In Enright 2022 et al., on adrenalectomy outcomes, what was the observed effect of preoperative alpha-blocker therapy on long-term survival?
🔍 Key Findings
- 83% of dogs survived to discharge after adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma.
- Median survival time post-discharge was 1169 days (3.2 years).
- Preoperative alpha-blocker therapy (e.g., phenoxybenzamine) was not associated with improved survival.
- Dogs receiving alpha-blockers had higher intraoperative systolic BP, with median values 170 mmHg vs. 142 mmHg in non-treated dogs (P = .01).
- Intraoperative arrhythmias occurred in 30% of cases, with no difference between dogs receiving alpha-blockers and those not.
- Histologic vascular invasion occurred in ~70% of tumors.
- Tumor recurrence was suspected in 3 dogs, and metastasis in 8 dogs, though not histologically confirmed in most cases.
- Postoperative complications included refractory hypotension, acute kidney injury, and hypertension persisting >48 hours in 10 dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Short‐ and long‐term survival after adrenalectomy in 53 dogs with pheochromocytomas with or without alpha‐blocker therapy
2022-3-VS-enright-2
In Duvieusart 2025 et al., on lung lobectomy approaches, what percentage of the lung was typically removed by weight across all techniques?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Canine cadaveric study comparing intercostal thoracotomy (ICT), median sternotomy (MS), and transdiaphragmatic with caudal median sternotomy (TDCM) for accessory lung lobectomy (ALL).
- Main Outcomes:
- Exposure Area: TDCM (193.5 cm²) > MS (106.5 cm²) > ICT (73.5 cm²) (p = .01).
- TDCM provided significantly greater exposure than MS (p = .02) and ICT (p = .02); MS > ICT (p = .04).
- Surgical Time: No significant difference (p = .06).
- Lobe Excision (% by weight/surface area): No significant difference between groups (p = .4).
- Staple Line Leak: Leak at ≤40 cmH₂O in 2/4 ICT, 0/4 MS, 0/4 TDCM (p = .09).
- Complications:
- 1/4 MS cases had iatrogenic damage to an adjacent lobe.
- Technical Insights:
- TDCM approach allowed immediate visualization of all three parts of the right pulmonary ligament.
- The TDCM approach offers improved access without requiring en bloc removal with the right caudal lobe.
- Conclusion: The TDCM approach provides improved exposure for ALL lobectomy with no increase in surgical time or complications relative to other approaches.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2025
Comparison of three approaches for accessory lung lobectomy in the canine cadaveric model: Intercostal thoracotomy, median sternotomy, and a transdiaphragmatic approach combined with caudal median sternotomy
2025-1-VS-duvieusart-3
In Burkhardt 2024 et al., on coagulation testing in liver lobectomy, what did the authors recommend regarding preoperative PT and aPTT testing?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20.6% of dogs had a preoperative prolongation in PT or aPTT, but only 5.6% had both prolonged.
- Hemangiosarcoma was the only tumor type significantly associated with both PT and aPTT prolongation (37.5% of hemangiosarcoma cases, p < .001).
- Dogs with both PT and aPTT prolongations were 6.5× more likely to have emergency surgery (p < .001) and 2.5× more likely to have hemoabdomen (p = .0022).
- 60% of dogs with both PT and aPTT prolongation required blood transfusion (p < .001).
- Only 1.9% of all dogs had both PT and aPTT prolonged by >25%, suggesting limited clinical utility of routine PT/aPTT testing.
- Platelet count <50,000/μL was rare (1.5%) and not associated with PT/aPTT changes or transfusions.
- Routine PT/aPTT testing offers low diagnostic yield in elective liver lobectomy cases.
- Authors recommend case-by-case PT/aPTT screening, especially when hemangiosarcoma or bleeding tendencies are suspected.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Evaluating preoperative coagulation panels in dogs undergoing liver lobectomy for primary liver tumors: A multi-institutional retrospective study
2024-7-VS-burkhardt-4
In Neal 2023 et al., on transcondylar screw placement, what was the observed rate of joint infringement when using the aiming device?
🔍 Key Findings
- Aiming device provided comparable trajectory accuracy to fluoroscopy, especially in right limbs (1.9° vs. 3.4°, p = .0128).
- Eccentricity (deviation from condylar center) was lower with fluoroscopy (3.1 mm vs 4.2 mm, p = .0017), making fluoroscopy more precise.
- Odds of joint infringement were 8× higher with the aiming device, though not statistically significant (p = .0575).
- Residents had greater screw trajectory deviation than diplomates (p = .0366), highlighting impact of experience.
- Aiming device procedures took less time than fluoroscopy in some scenarios, particularly for right limbs with right-handed surgeons.
- Fluoroscopic procedures had more pin/drill attempts, increasing risk of glove puncture and potential aseptic breaks.
- Mean deviation angles in both groups (<3.5°) were within acceptable range to avoid intracondylar fracture gap.
- Cadaver model used large-breed, healthy adult dogs, not small-breed immature dogs, limiting generalizability.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
The effect of an aiming device on the accuracy of humeral transcondylar screw placement
2023-4-VS-neal-3
In Burkhardt 2024 et al., on coagulation testing in liver lobectomy, what percentage of dogs had both PT and aPTT prolonged preoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20.6% of dogs had a preoperative prolongation in PT or aPTT, but only 5.6% had both prolonged.
- Hemangiosarcoma was the only tumor type significantly associated with both PT and aPTT prolongation (37.5% of hemangiosarcoma cases, p < .001).
- Dogs with both PT and aPTT prolongations were 6.5× more likely to have emergency surgery (p < .001) and 2.5× more likely to have hemoabdomen (p = .0022).
- 60% of dogs with both PT and aPTT prolongation required blood transfusion (p < .001).
- Only 1.9% of all dogs had both PT and aPTT prolonged by >25%, suggesting limited clinical utility of routine PT/aPTT testing.
- Platelet count <50,000/μL was rare (1.5%) and not associated with PT/aPTT changes or transfusions.
- Routine PT/aPTT testing offers low diagnostic yield in elective liver lobectomy cases.
- Authors recommend case-by-case PT/aPTT screening, especially when hemangiosarcoma or bleeding tendencies are suspected.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Evaluating preoperative coagulation panels in dogs undergoing liver lobectomy for primary liver tumors: A multi-institutional retrospective study
2024-7-VS-burkhardt-1
In Wang 2025 et al., on TPLO osteotomy alignment, what conclusion was drawn about fluoroscopy's impact on surgical variability?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fluoroscopy-guided osteotomy placement achieved a median postoperative TPA of 3° (range: 0–4.5°), showing excellent accuracy.
- The D1 measurement (from patellar ligament insertion to osteotomy exit) was more reproducible and accurate intraoperatively than D2.
- Median R1 value (D1-based) matched the intended 21 mm radius with only 0.5 mm deviation, while R2 deviated by 2.5 mm.
- Real-time fluoroscopy allowed dynamic limb positioning and reduced osteotomy placement variability.
- Intraoperative fluoroscopy reduced reliance on preoperative planning, especially in cases with difficult anatomy or positioning.
- Radiation exposure was minimal (avg. 3 images per case) and within safe limits using standard protection protocols.
- Study standardized to 21 mm blades and excluded dogs with developmental orthopedic conditions to reduce confounders.
- Targeting a lower postoperative TPA (3°) may reduce meniscal load and cranio-caudal instability, though long-term outcomes require further study.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Accuracy of fluoroscopy-guided osteotomy placement in TPLO: Postoperative tibial plateau angle and preoperative planning evaluation
2025-7-VS-wang-5
In Kurogochi 2025 et al., on cardioplegia in mitral repair, what difference was found in serum potassium at cross-clamp removal?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in cardiac troponin I levels 12h post-op between mDN and St. Thomas cardioplegia groups (p = 0.478)
- Sinus rhythm returned faster in the mDN group after aortic cross-clamp removal (median 60s vs 362s, p = 0.027)
- Lower serum potassium at cross-clamp removal in the mDN group (median 4.5 mEq/L vs 5.4, p = 0.005)
- Fewer doses needed in the mDN group (median 2.5 vs 4.0, p = 0.040)
- Higher total crystalloid volume used in mDN group (23.6 vs 12.6 mL/kg, p < 0.001)
- No difference in survival (700-day survival 90% in both groups, p = 0.958)
- No difference in hospitalization duration (median 6 days for both, p = 0.789)
- Echocardiographic remodeling similar between groups at 24h post-op
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Saline‐based modified del Nido cardioplegia versus multidose St. Thomas cardioplegia in canine mitral valve repair: A randomized controlled trial
2025-7-VS-kurogochi-4
In Jenkins 2022 et al., on medial epicondylar fissure fracture, what was the most common postoperative complication reported?
🔍 Key Findings
- MEFF occurred in 11.4% (10/88 elbows) following medial-to-lateral transcondylar screw placement in dogs with HIF.
- Screw size to condylar height ratio >41% significantly increased MEFF risk (P = .004, OR 1.52).
- MEFF was not recognized intraoperatively in 60% of cases and was only seen on follow-up or retrospective imaging review.
- Screw loosening was the most common complication (11.2%), observed both with and without MEFF.
- MEFF tended to increase the risk of screw loosening (P = .06), but was not statistically significant.
- Most MEFFs did not require treatment and healed radiographically by 14–17 weeks in monitored cases.
- Shaft screws were used in all MEFF cases, but shaft vs cortical design was not significantly associated with MEFF.
- The clinical impact of MEFF was minor in most cases, although long-term significance is unknown.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Medial epicondylar fissure fracture as a complication of transcondylar screw placement for the treatment of humeral intracondylar fissure
2022-4-VS-jenkins-3
In Kang 2023 et al., on 3DEP accuracy, what was the average screw angle deviation achieved by both experienced and inexperienced surgeons?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed endoscopy ports (3DEP) enabled accurate ventral slot creation in cadaveric dogs at C3–C4, regardless of surgeon experience.
- Screw trajectory accuracy was high, with mean angular deviation <2.5°, entry/exit point deviation <1.6 mm, and <0.6 mm screw penetration into the spinal canal.
- No statistical differences were found between experienced and inexperienced surgeons for slot dimensions or screw placement accuracy.
- Ventral slot length and width ratios were within recommended limits, averaging ~30% and ~46% of vertebral body dimensions, respectively.
- 27/30 slots were classified as ideal (Type I), with all 3 deviating cases still considered clinically safe.
- 3DEP design allowed precise alignment and fixation, reducing risk of tilting and improving visualization without soft tissue intrusion.
- Custom dilator system facilitated safe, repeatable MISS approach without need for retractors or excessive tissue manipulation.
- Debris containment and suction through the 3DEP improved visualization, compared to conventional MISS techniques.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2023
Accuracy of a 3‐dimensionally printed custom endoscopy port for minimally invasive ventral slot decompression in dogs: A cadaveric study
2023-8-VS-kang-1
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which group had the **lowest resistance to leakage**, sometimes leaking below physiologic pressures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Augmenting FEESA with two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS) or simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS) significantly increased initial leakage pressure (ILP) compared to no suture or a single suture (NCS, SICS).
- SCCS had the highest ILP (47.6 mm Hg), followed by TCS (37.8 mm Hg), SICS (33.0 mm Hg), and NCS (27.1 mm Hg).
- All crotch suture types increased maximal leakage pressure (MLP) compared to no crotch suture.
- Leakage from the crotch occurred most commonly in NCS (67%) and SICS (50%), but only 8% with TCS and 0% with SCCS.
- SCCS was the only technique where leakage never occurred at the crotch site.
- SCCS had the highest MLP (100.6 mm Hg), supporting its use in clinical settings with high-risk patients.
- Intraluminal pressures during leakage in NCS constructs were sometimes below normal physiologic pressures, emphasizing risk of leakage without crotch suture.
- The transverse staple line never leaked in any group, indicating the crotch is the primary weak point.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Influence of crotch suture augmentation on leakage pressure and leakage location during functional end-to-end stapled anastomoses in dogs
2022-4-VS-duffy-3
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings