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In Dickson 2024 et al., on VATS for feline chylothorax, what was the study's overall conclusion about clinical outcomes?
🔍 Key Findings
- Objective: To evaluate outcomes and complications of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for idiopathic chylothorax in 15 cats.
- All 15 cats underwent thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation (TDL); 13 also had simultaneous pericardectomy, 2 had VATS TDL + laparoscopic cisterna chyli ablation (CCA), and 1 cat had an open CCA.
- Median surgical time was 152.5 minutes (range 60–255).
- Contrast was used intraoperatively in 13 cats; 11 received methylene blue, and 2 received indocyanine green (ICG).
- One intraoperative complication (6%) occurred — a minor intercostal artery laceration. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 3 cases (20%) due to visualization issues or bleeding.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 8 cats (53%), with persistent pleural effusion in 5 cats (33%) being the most common.
- Mortality was high: 4 cats (27%) died or were euthanized before discharge. Only 7 of 11 cats discharged had resolution of effusion, and recurrence occurred in 1.
- Authors concluded that while VATS is technically feasible in cats, it did not improve clinical outcomes compared to open surgery, and feline idiopathic chylothorax continues to have a high mortality rate.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Outcome of video-assisted thoracoscopic treatment of idiopathic chylothorax in 15 cats
2024-5-VS-dickson-5
In Hanlon 2022 et al., on short screw sacroiliac fixation, what was the difference in mechanical performance between short lag and short positional screws?
🔍 Key Findings
- Two short screws (SLS or SPS) provided >2× peak load, yield load, and stiffness vs a single long screw (LLS) for SI joint stabilization.
- No mechanical advantage was seen between the two short screw types (lag vs positional).
- All short screws terminated lateral to the spinal canal, avoiding spinal impingement.
- Ventral sacral foraminal impingement occurred in 3 short-screw cases (1 SPS, 2 SLS), all involving the caudal screw.
- LLS group showed more abaxial displacement at osteotomy sites, suggesting inferior stabilization for concurrent pelvic fractures.
- Short screw constructs had longer total screw length (48 mm) than LLS (40 mm), contributing to increased stiffness.
- Positioning of caudal screw in a cranial/craniodorsal trajectory may help avoid nerve foraminal injury.
- No significant difference in displacement at peak load among groups; stiffness and load capacity were the primary benefits.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Mechanical evaluation of canine sacroiliac joint stabilization using two short screws
2022-7-VS-hanlon-2
In Scharpf 2024 et al., what symmetry index (SI) threshold was considered indicative of normal limb loading?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subtotal coronoidectomy improved vertical and propulsive forces, but braking forces remained subnormal at 26 weeks.
- No significant benefit was seen from ACP vs placebo at any timepoint across all force parameters or lameness scores.
- Force plate analysis was more sensitive than visual lameness scoring.
- Braking force (%FY+) was best at detecting persistent lameness, and SI < 0.9 persisted in most dogs at 26 weeks.
- Outcome less favorable than historically reported — challenges status of subtotal coronoidectomy as “gold standard” for MCD.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Assessment of Arthroscopic Subtotal Coronoidectomy in Treating Medial Coronoid Disease and Effect of Concurrent Autologous Conditioned Plasma in Dogs Using Force Plate Analysis
2024-2-VCOT-scharpf-3
In Zann 2023 et al., In Long-term outcomes after proximal humeral OC debridement in dogs, how did kinetic gait analysis compare affected and unaffected limbs?
🔍 Key Findings
- 20 dogs (26 shoulders) evaluated at mean 3.5 years post-surgery after arthroscopic or open debridement.
- Ipsilateral muscle atrophy and decreased range of motion (↓ extension, ↓ flexion) in affected limbs compared to contralateral healthy shoulders.
- All treated shoulders developed osteoarthritis, confirmed radiographically, by CT, and arthroscopically.
- Moderate to severe synovitis was present in all shoulders; lesions showed patchy, incomplete cartilage infilling even up to 8.9 years post-op.
- Kinetic gait analysis showed no significant differences in PVF/VI between affected and unaffected limbs, despite mild lameness clinically.
- Owners reported good to very good mobility (median LOAD = 6), often underestimating clinical lameness.
- CT detected larger lesion dimensions than radiographs (wider, deeper defects).
- Despite progression of OA, surgical debridement was associated with satisfactory long-term function, though not prevention of degenerative changes.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Long-term outcome of dogs treated by surgical debridement of proximal humeral osteochondrosis
2023-7-VS-zann-5
In Beamon 2022 et al., on calcanean tunnel orientation, which construct demonstrated significantly higher yield load than modified tunnels?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in peak load, failure load, stiffness, or 3 mm gap formation among bone tunnel types.
- Transverse tunnel (TT) constructs had 25% higher yield load than modified tunnels (MT) (P = .027).
- Most common failure mode was suture pull-through (67%), with no significant difference between groups.
- Gap formation ≥3 mm occurred in ~90% of constructs; no significant difference in force needed for gap among groups.
- All bone tunnel techniques (TT, VT, MT) are viable options for CCT reattachment in dogs.
- The 3-loop pulley (3LP) pattern provided strong, uniform repair, with higher loads to failure than previously reported.
- TT constructs showed more tendon distortion at the repair interface during loading.
- Inclusion of accessory tendon may have improved repair strength compared to prior studies using GT alone.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Effect of calcanean bone‐tunnel orientation for teno‐osseous repair in a canine common calcanean tendon avulsion model
2022-4-VS-beamon-1
In Banks 2024 et al., on preoperative planning, what was the mean planned TPA in the in silico analysis?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study Design: Retrospective study of 100 radiographs using in silico and clinical data
- Mean preoperative TPA: 28.6°, higher in small dogs than large (p = .02)
- Mean planned TPA (in silico): 7.6°, not achieving 5° target (p < .01)
- Median postoperative TPA: 5.5° overall; higher in small dogs (7°) vs large (4.5°) (p = .06)
- Postoperative ostectomy position: More distal than recommended; average = 8.6 mm
- Increased distalization → greater under-correction of TPA (p = .01)
- Most accurate correction occurred when ostectomy was ≤7.5 mm from patellar tendon
- Wedge angle categories (TPA-Pre minus 5–2°) were used based on pre-op TPA
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases
2024-1-VS-banks-2
In Downey 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic lobectomy, what complication occurred in the dog that did not survive?
🔍 Key Findings
- Thoracoscopic (TL) or thoracoscopic-assisted (TAL) lobectomy was successfully performed in 12 dogs with non-neoplastic pulmonary consolidation (PC).
- 44% (4/9) of TL cases were converted to open thoracotomy due to adhesions or poor visualization—higher than rates for neoplastic lobectomies.
- OLV was successful in 7/9 TL dogs; unsuccessful attempts were managed with intermittent ventilation, mostly in brachycephalic breeds.
- Median hospital stay was 3 days; 91.7% (11/12) survived to discharge, and 100% of survivors showed no recurrence at median 24-month follow-up.
- Complications were mostly minor: pneumothorax (2), minor hemorrhage (3), dehiscence (1), and 1 fatality due to BOAS complications.
- Histopathology showed infectious pneumonia in 10 dogs, and in 4 cases, foreign body migration was suspected as the underlying cause.
- Median surgical time for TL was 90 minutes; conversion correlated with longer symptom duration (median 90 vs. 7 days).
- Postoperative recovery was excellent in all surviving dogs, with one case of persistent cough attributed to concurrent heart disease.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Evaluation of long‐term outcome after lung lobectomy for canine non‐neoplastic pulmonary consolidation via thoracoscopic or thoracoscopic‐assisted surgery in 12 dogs
2023-7-VS-downey-4
In Banks 2023 et al., on TECA-LBO in brachycephalic dogs, which neurologic sign was most significantly more common in extreme brachycephalic breeds (EBBs) preoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Extreme brachycephalic breeds (EBBs) presented more acutely and at younger ages, most often with neurological signs compared to other breeds.
- Preoperative signs such as facial nerve paresis, vestibular syndrome, and Horner’s syndrome were significantly more common in EBBs.
- EBBs showed more severe imaging findings, including higher rates of otitis interna (46.3% vs. 8.5%) and brainstem changes (17.5% vs. 3%).
- Intraoperative complications were more frequent in EBBs (11.1% vs. 5.3%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .078).
- Perioperative complication rates did not differ significantly between EBBs and other breeds (23.5% vs. 29.3%).
- Surgical time was significantly longer in EBBs (median 115 vs. 95 minutes; p = .011).
- MRI or combined CT/MRI were more frequently used in EBBs, likely due to the higher prevalence of neurological signs.
- Despite anatomical challenges, complication rates in EBBs were comparable, supporting TECA-LBO safety in these breeds.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on perioperative complications associated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in 242 dogs (2010–2020)
2023-5-VS-banks-1
In Moore 2023 et al., on Divisional outcomes in canine liver mass resection, which factors were associated with **fewer** postoperative complications in dogs undergoing liver mass resection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liver masses were most common in the left division (58%), followed by central (27%) and right (15%).
- Right divisional masses were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (33% vs 5.6% left, p = .0037), particularly hemorrhage and injury to major vessels.
- Mortality rate was 6.5% overall, with no significant association with liver lobe location.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 28.7% of cases, but were not significantly associated with mass location.
- Thoracic incision extension (sternotomy or diaphragmotomy) increased odds of postoperative complications by 9.1x (p < .001).
- Use of TA stapler significantly reduced both intraoperative (OR 19x lower) and postoperative complications (OR 4.4x lower) vs other methods.
- Specialist surgeons and heavier dogs had significantly fewer postoperative complications.
- Right lobectomies often required thoracic extension, indirectly linking them to increased postoperative morbidity.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Association between divisional location and short-term outcome of liver mass resection in 124 dogs
2023-4-VS-moore-5
In Fink 2025 et al., on Roux-en-Y outcomes, which postoperative intervention was commonly used to manage nausea and vomiting due to ileus?
🔍 Key Findings
- Roux-en-Y procedures were successfully completed in all 11 cases (6 dogs, 5 cats), despite case complexity and disease severity.
- Median survival post-discharge was longer in cats (365 days) vs. dogs (82 days), with better outcomes in non-neoplastic vs. neoplastic disease (192 vs. 5 days).
- Complication rate was high, with septic peritonitis, dehiscence, and cardiac arrest as leading causes of postoperative death; mortality rate = 36%.
- Dehiscence rate was 8.6% (2 of 23 anastomoses), considered lower than typical rates for GI anastomoses in high-risk patients.
- Feeding tubes (gastrostomy/jejunostomy) were used in all cases, enabling early nutritional support and stomach decompression.
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting were common but mostly self-limiting; managed with metoclopramide, cisapride, and antiemetics.
- Choledochojejunostomy was preferred when common bile duct was dilated, offering a favorable size match and potentially reducing bile leakage.
- Roux-en-Y reduced typical Billroth II complications (e.g., bile reflux, afferent loop syndrome, dumping syndrome), with none observed in discharged patients.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Roux‐en‐Y procedure to reconstruct the upper gastrointestinal tract in six dogs and five cats: A descriptive case series
2025-5-VS-fink-4
Quiz Results
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Key Findings