🔍 Key Findings

• Short-term resolution of hypercalcemia occurred in 97.8% (44/45) of dogs.
• Long-term cure rate was 93.3%, comparable to traditional bilateral neck exploration.
• Postoperative hypocalcemia was observed in only 15.6%, which is lower than traditional approaches (36–63.8%).
• Permanent hypocalcemia occurred in 4.4%, requiring lifelong calcitriol supplementation.
• Minimally invasive approach had median surgical times of 26 min (unilateral) and 45.5 min (bilateral).
• Most lesions were adenomas (54.8%), followed by hyperplasia (27.4%) and carcinomas (3.2%).
• Ultrasound identified 98.4% (61/62) of abnormal glands, supporting it as the preferred imaging modality.
• One death due to non-compliance with calcitriol, emphasizing importance of postoperative management.

🔍 Key Findings

• Staphylectomy was linked to higher risk of complicated recovery than folded flap palatoplasty (OR = 59.29, p = .0002).
• Laryngeal collapse > Grade 2 was strongly associated with poor recovery (OR = 97.13, p < .0001).
• Longer general anesthesia duration increased the risk of complications (OR = 1.01 per min, p = .0051).
• Increasing age significantly raised the odds of perioperative complication (OR = 1.04 per month, p = .0113).
• History of aspiration pneumonia was only found in dogs with complications, though not in final model due to instability.
• Complicated recovery included >12 h O₂ therapy, tracheostomy, or death.
• FFP may reduce pharyngeal-laryngeal edema, possibly improving immediate outcomes.
• Bulldogs comprised 80% of population, with French Bulldogs most common (63%).

🔍 Key Findings

Sample: 201 lymphadenectomies in 163 dogs.
Intraoperative techniques:

• Unassisted: 36%
• Methylene blue (MB): 24%
• Gamma probe + MB (γ-MB): 40%

Complication rate: 7.5% overall (93% uncomplicated)

• 80% were mild, 20% moderate; no severe complications
• Most common = seroma (2.5%), lymphoedema (1.5%)

Risk factors (via decision tree model):

• Surgical time > 21.5 min
• Lymph node site = mandibular or retropharyngeal

No significant difference in complication rate based on:

• Guidance technique (p = .255)
• LN palpability, number removed, or LN size

Clinical implication: Peripheral SLN excision is safe regardless of intraoperative technique; certain sites and durations carry slightly higher risk.

🔍 Key Findings

• Rupture occurred in 7.0% of dogs undergoing surgical PDA ligation (20/285).
• Overall mortality was low (0.4%), with only one death occurring post-rupture.
• Residual flow occurred in 9.4% of dogs; significantly more common in dogs with rupture.
• Residual flow odds were not increased when ligation was successfully performed despite rupture.
• No significant associations between rupture and age, weight, suture size, or dissection technique.
• Jackson-Henderson and intrapericardial techniques were helpful in managing rupture or fibrosis.
• Major complications (non-rupture) were rare (1.4%), including pulmonary artery ligation and cardiac arrest.
• Surgeon preparedness (e.g., hemostatic tools, alternate techniques) was key to successful outcomes.

🔍 Key Findings

• Combined CBLO-TTT did not reduce load to failure compared to CBLO or TTT alone (P = .81 and P = .12, respectively).
• CBLO-TTT maintains construct strength without significant compromise compared to individual procedures.
• Most common failure mode in CBLO-TTT was displacement of the tibial crest segment with k-wire pullout and tension band untwisting.
• No fulcrum effect was seen in CBLO-TTT, unlike TPLO-TTT combinations, likely due to preservation of buttress effect.
• Patellar ligament avulsion occurred in both CBLO and CBLO-TTT, but not as a clinical concern — possibly artifact from cadaver model.
• Load-to-failure testing was static and unidirectional, not accounting for cyclic fatigue or in vivo healing.
• Plate size and saw blade variation were based on clinical realism, introducing potential variability but not affecting outcomes.
• Study suggests feasibility of simultaneous surgical correction of CCL rupture and MPL using CBLO-TTT in dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Precontoured plates using 3D-printed femoral models achieved near-anatomic alignment in all cadaver limbs.
• Fracture reduction system (FRS) required significantly fewer fluoroscopy images than intramedullary pin (IMP) methods (7 vs 26, P = .001).
• Despite longer surgical time (43 vs 29 minutes, P = .011), FRS showed equally accurate or better alignment compared to IMP.
• Femoral length, frontal, sagittal, and axial alignment were all within near-anatomic thresholds (<10 mm or <5° deviation) in both groups.
• FRS was associated with more consistent length maintenance, with IMP showing a median shortening of 2.3 mm (P = .03).
• Axial plane deviation was statistically different in the FRS group (P = .04), but still clinically acceptable.
• Study highlights potential for custom 3D-printed guides to reduce radiation exposure and improve precision in MIPO procedures.
• Authors caution that FRS was time-consuming and cumbersome, suggesting design refinements needed for clinical use.

🔍 Key Findings

• Combined intramedullary (IM) pin and rhBMP-2 use resulted in a low complication rate (7.4%) after proximal ulnar osteotomy (PUO).
• Major complications occurred in 5.3% of cases (4 infections, 1 pin breakage with ulnar tilt requiring revision).
• Minor complications occurred in 2.1% of cases (seroma, delayed union).
• No cases of non-union were observed; 98.9% of limbs achieved radiographic healing by 6 weeks.
• IM pin breakage was noted in 11.8% of limbs but did not affect healing outcomes.
• Chondrodystrophic breeds made up 64.8% of the cohort and tolerated the procedure well.
• Compared to prior studies, complication rates were substantially reduced with this technique (prior major: 13.9%; this study: 5.3%).
• The use of rhBMP-2 likely enhanced early bone healing and provided biologic support, particularly important in breeds at higher risk of complications.

🔍 Key Findings

139 immature dogs with humeral condylar fractures (HCF) reviewed retrospectively.
Postoperative plan changed in 17% (23/139) of cases.
Key risk factors for plan change:

• Owner concerns (OR: 7.6)
• Analgesic use at follow-up (OR: 7.9)
• Lameness (OR: 5.9)
• Abnormal clinical exam (OR: 44.8)
• Radiographic abnormalities (OR: 51.9)

No plan changes were based solely on radiographs when clinical signs were absent.
Supracondylar K-wire migration noted in 3.5% of dogs without affecting the clinical plan.
Authors conclude that routine follow-up radiographs offer limited value without concurrent clinical indicators.

🔍 Key Findings

• Postoperative Protein C (PC) activity increased in 78.7% of dogs, and was significantly higher in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Complete acute shunt occlusion resulted in higher postoperative PC activity (96.3%) and better ultimate clinical outcomes than incomplete occlusion.
• Preoperative PC was not predictive of clinical status, but postoperative PC was associated with improved outcomes.
• Standard biochemical markers (HCT, MCV, ALB, BUN) also improved postoperatively, especially in dogs with excellent clinical outcomes.
• Dogs requiring a second procedure had significantly lower postoperative PC (43.5%) than those not requiring further intervention (78.5%).
• Repeat procedures improved PC and BUN values, with PC increasing significantly after second intervention (to 69.8%).
• PC normalization (within reference interval) occurred in 87.5% of dogs with excellent clinical status, compared to only 12.5% in those with poor status.
• Clinical outcome classification (excellent/fair/poor) correlated with biochemical normalization and lack of need for diet/medications.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Cadaveric study using 3 miniature breed dogs (6 hemipelves) to assess spinal neuronavigation accuracy for lumbar plate fixation
• 20 screws placed using CBCT-based navigation with real-time tracking
• 85% (17/20) of screws were safely and accurately placed
• Median deviation of screw entry points from plan: 1.8 mm
• All 3 misplaced screws occurred in a single cadaver, attributed to inexperienced drill handling
• Custom 3D-printed lightweight tracking array was necessary due to small spinous processes in miniature dogs
• No iatrogenic canal perforations or vertebral damage in any specimen
• Concludes neuronavigation offers precise, safe placement of spinal implants in small dogs, with minimal anatomic disruption