🔍 Key Findings

50 dogs underwent bilateral anal sacculectomy using a modified closed technique.
Intraoperative anal sac perforation occurred in 5 dogs (10%), with no postoperative complications in those dogs.
Postoperative complications (43 dogs with follow-up):

• Grade 1 (e.g., scooting, inappropriate defecation): 14/43 (32%)
• Grade 2 (medical treatment needed): 2/43 (5%)
• Grade 3B (revision surgery): 2/43 (5%)

93% of grade 1 and 100% of grade 2–3B complications resolved by two weeks postop.
Technique highlights: direct duct tracking, no anal sac packing, minimal dissection.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study population: 116 dogs underwent cementless THR; grouped by age:
  • Group A: ≤6 months (n = 27)
  • Group B: >6 to ≤12 months (n = 41)
  • Group C: >12 months (n = 48)
• Overall perioperative complication rate: 31.9% (37/116)
  • Group A: 22.2%
  • Group B: 26.8%
  • Group C: 41.7%
• No significant difference in total complication rate by age (p = .207), though older dogs (Group C) had numerically higher rates.
• Luxation was significantly more common in dogs >12 months:
  • Group C: 14.6% vs. Group A (0%) and Group B (2.4%) → p = .049
• Most common complications: luxation (9.5%) and intraoperative fissure or fracture (9.5%)
• Time under anesthesia and surgery duration were not associated with complication risk (p = .297 and p = .781)
• No infections or aseptic loosening observed during the 8-week follow-up.

🔍 Key Findings

• 12-hole LCPs (80% plate–bone ratio) showed significantly higher construct stiffness than 6-, 8-, or 10-hole plates in both compression and tension bending.
• Strain on the plate was significantly lower in 12-hole vs 6-hole plates at all regions of interest (ROIs), especially around the fracture gap.
• No incremental increases in stiffness or decreases in strain were observed between 6-, 8-, and 10-hole plates—only when comparing to 12-hole plates.
• Bone model strain adjacent to the plate end was significantly lower for 10- and 12-hole plates vs 6-hole plates under both loading conditions.
• The threshold effect suggests biomechanical benefits only emerge beyond a plate–bone ratio of ~80%.
• Working length increased from 9.4 mm (6-hole) to 13 mm (others), potentially influencing strain/stiffness differences.
• Four-point bending was used, as it replicates the most biomechanically relevant force on plated long bones.
• Clinical implication: Longer plates may reduce plate strain and peri-implant bone strain, potentially lowering risk of fatigue failure or stress risers.

🔍 Key Findings

• No leakage occurred using pretied ligature loops (PLL) or double-shank (DS) titanium clips up to 40 cm H₂O airway pressure.
• 1/10 stapled lobes leaked at supraphysiologic pressure (40 cm H₂O), but this was not statistically significant (p = .33).
• All techniques sealed effectively under physiologic and supraphysiologic pressures in cadaveric feline lungs.
• PLL and DS clips required less working space than staplers, making them more practical for small thoracic cavities.
• DS titanium clips offer enhanced security due to dual shanks and tissue-gripping design, reducing clip slippage.
• Leak testing was cyclic and submerged, simulating physiologic ventilation and allowing robust evaluation.
• Stapling failure occurred along the staple line, highlighting risks of air leakage due to staple misalignment or poor hilar access.
• PLL and DS clips may be cost-effective and efficient alternatives for open or minimally invasive feline lung lobectomy.

🔍 Key Findings

• Raised eyelets caused more suture mid-section failures than embedded eyelets, suggesting wear or cutting against the anchor.
• No significant effect of cyclic loading on failure load (Fmax) was found for any anchor group.
• Anika anchor showed the least reduction in suture strength relative to the reference (eyebolt screw), indicating a favorable design.
• All sutures failed via suture breakage, not anchor pullout, indicating suture fatigue was the primary failure mode.
• Sutures in raised eyelets more often failed at the mid-section, while those in embedded eyelets failed at the knot.
• IMEX and Jorvet anchors showed significantly reduced Fmax compared to eyebolt screws.
• Loading direction and anchor design likely affect wear and ultimate failure, particularly in dynamic in vivo conditions.
• Future designs should aim for embedded, smooth eyelets that can accommodate larger suture sizes without increasing wear.

🔍 Key Findings

• Staphylectomy was linked to higher risk of complicated recovery than folded flap palatoplasty (OR = 59.29, p = .0002).
• Laryngeal collapse > Grade 2 was strongly associated with poor recovery (OR = 97.13, p < .0001).
• Longer general anesthesia duration increased the risk of complications (OR = 1.01 per min, p = .0051).
• Increasing age significantly raised the odds of perioperative complication (OR = 1.04 per month, p = .0113).
• History of aspiration pneumonia was only found in dogs with complications, though not in final model due to instability.
• Complicated recovery included >12 h O₂ therapy, tracheostomy, or death.
• FFP may reduce pharyngeal-laryngeal edema, possibly improving immediate outcomes.
• Bulldogs comprised 80% of population, with French Bulldogs most common (63%).

🔍 Key Findings

• Highest initial leak pressure (ILP) observed in the handsewn + cyanoacrylate (HS + CE) group: 83.3 ± 4.6 mmHg (p < .001 vs. others).
• Lowest ILP: cyanoacrylate-only group (CE): 18.6 ± 3.5 mmHg.
• No significant MIP difference between handsewn (HSE) and HS + CE groups (p = .19); CE had significantly lower MIP (22.7 mmHg).
• Leak location:
  • HSE: 60% from suture holes
  • CE: 100% from incisional line
  • HS + CE: 60% from incisional line, 40% from suture holes
• Authors conclude cyanoacrylate augmentation significantly increases ILP and could reduce enterotomy leakage risk.

🔍 Key Findings

• Skin staple anastomosis (SSA) had comparable leak pressures to hand-sewn anastomosis (HSA) but required half the time to complete.
• Skin staple enterotomy (SSE) had significantly lower leak pressures than hand-sewn enterotomy (HSE) and failed in 12/20 constructs during pressure testing.
• HSE constructs took 8× longer to complete than SSE, but had much higher intraluminal pressure tolerance.
• All SSE constructs leaked from the center, with 35% leaking immediately and 60% showing catastrophic failure.
• SSA leakage occurred at the center in 40% of constructs, likely due to a learning curve in early samples.
• All constructs had higher pressures than normal physiologic intestinal pressure (4.0 mmHg ±2.0), except some SSEs with immediate leaks.
• Authors recommend SSA as a viable alternative with appropriate training but do not recommend SSE using the tested technique in live cats.
• Staple size and placement technique are key factors; smaller or more precisely placed staples may reduce leak risk.

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) significantly improved accuracy of drill hole entry (p < 0.001) and exit (p = 0.044) compared to commercial aiming devices (AD).
• Zero joint penetrations occurred with PSGs, whereas 3 of 7 AD-guided screws were predicted to penetrate the joint (p = 0.19).
• Variance in exit point and drill angle was significantly lower in PSG group, suggesting more consistent results.
• One PSG case failed due to improper guide seating, but this was corrected with improved soft tissue clearance.
• PSGs enabled safer trajectories despite use by novice surgeons, emphasizing their value in less experienced hands.
• Drill holes placed with ADs deviated more cranially and distally, increasing the risk of articular violation.
• Use of PSGs allowed for tighter clustering of drill trajectories, especially in the cranial–caudal axis.
• Subjective feedback favored PSGs for ease of use and ergonomic design, despite requiring slightly larger incisions.

🔍 Key Findings

• No proximal femoral fractures occurred in any of the 184 hips with cerclage wire placement
• Cerclage wire was well tolerated, with no failures or complications related to the wire
• Application of a single cerclage wire took <10 minutes, was cost-effective, and required minimal instrumentation
• 3 postoperative complications (1 fissure, 2 fractures) occurred distal to the cerclage site, near the stem tip, requiring plate/screw fixation
• All dogs returned to normal activity, and all owners were satisfied with the outcome
• Cerclage placement location is critical—must be proximal to the lesser trochanter and close to the calcar to resist hoop strain
• Biomechanical evidence supports that cerclage wires improve resistance to hoop strain and subsidence of cementless stems
• Press-fit cementless stems may settle, but when supported by cerclage, this does not result in fractures even in undersized implants