🔍 Key Findings:

• Sample: 24 canine cadavers, 477 total pins across 240 vertebrae.
• Technique Comparison: 3D printed guides (3DPG) vs freehand (FH).
• Acceptable Placement Rates: 3DPG = 87.5%, FH = 69.8% (p < .0001).
• Odds Ratio for FH: 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.47), significantly less likely to yield acceptable placement.
• Worst Accuracy Locations: T10 (OR 0.10), T11 (OR 0.35).
• Surgeon Impact: Surgeon 2 outperformed others (OR 9.61, p = .001).
• Modified Zdichavsky Classification used to score implant accuracy (Grades I–IIIb).
• Primary Benefit of 3DPG: Increased safety and precision, regardless of surgeon experience.

🔍 Key Findings

• Precontoured plates using 3D-printed femoral models achieved near-anatomic alignment in all cadaver limbs.
• Fracture reduction system (FRS) required significantly fewer fluoroscopy images than intramedullary pin (IMP) methods (7 vs 26, P = .001).
• Despite longer surgical time (43 vs 29 minutes, P = .011), FRS showed equally accurate or better alignment compared to IMP.
• Femoral length, frontal, sagittal, and axial alignment were all within near-anatomic thresholds (<10 mm or <5° deviation) in both groups.
• FRS was associated with more consistent length maintenance, with IMP showing a median shortening of 2.3 mm (P = .03).
• Axial plane deviation was statistically different in the FRS group (P = .04), but still clinically acceptable.
• Study highlights potential for custom 3D-printed guides to reduce radiation exposure and improve precision in MIPO procedures.
• Authors caution that FRS was time-consuming and cumbersome, suggesting design refinements needed for clinical use.

🔍 Key Findings

Sample: 373 cats with high-rise syndrome (HRS) from 2017–2020.
ATTS was the only significant predictor of survival (p < 0.001); each point increase decreased survival odds (OR = 0.46).
AUC for ATTS ROC curve: 0.857 (95% CI: 0.788–0.926).
Floor height, lesion type, and ground surface were not significantly associated with survival.
Odds of injury were 7.98× higher when landing on hard vs. soft surface (p < 0.001).
16.96× increased injury risk from the fourth vs. third floor (p = 0.008).
Cats with ATTS ≥7 had 62% mortality; median ATTS increased with floor height (r = 0.244, p < 0.001).
Thoracic and vertebral trauma were most common causes of death.
Only 32% of cats had the “classic” HRS triad (pneumothorax, epistaxis, hard palate fracture).

🔍 Key Findings

• DPO improved joint congruity and clinical signs in dogs ≥10 months old with minimal osteoarthritis.
• Median Norberg angle increased by 21.8% 1 year postoperatively (from 87° to 106°; p < .01).
• Femoral head coverage increased significantly, with PC rising 66.7% and LHC by 162.5% at 1 year (p < .01).
• No significant change in pelvic canal width postoperatively, suggesting pelvic conformation was preserved.
• All ilial osteotomies healed with complete osseous bridging by 8 weeks; 7/11 pubic osteotomies achieved full healing.
• No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported, including implant failure.
• Locking plates and additional ventral plating were used in select cases and may have contributed to implant stability.
• DPO may be extended to older dogs with suitable hip morphology and minimal OA, expanding traditional age criteria.

🔍 Key Findings

• Primary repair of NSAID-associated full-thickness gastroduodenal ulcers was successful in 73% (8/11) of cases.
• NSAID overdose, concurrent corticosteroid use, or extended duration were identified in 9/11 dogs and were major contributors to ulceration.
• All perforations were in the pylorus or proximal duodenum, locations suitable for primary closure.
• No significant association between ulcer size or location and postoperative survival.
• Preoperative hyperlactatemia trended toward increased mortality (P = .0544; OR 2.045).
• Postoperative vasopressor use was linked with a 9-fold increased risk of mortality (P = .0545).
• Dehiscence was rare, suspected in only 1 of 11 cases, indicating that primary repair is structurally sound in selected cases.
• Median follow-up of 444 days showed long-term survival was achievable post-primary repair.

🔍 Key Findings

• Both patient-specific and universal guides yielded correction errors <2°, with no statistically significant difference in accuracy.
• Universal guide corrected aLDFA up to 24° and AA up to 20°, addressing multiplanar deformities effectively.
• Patient-specific guides allowed for preoperative simulation, providing more stable pin placement and potentially aiding less-experienced surgeons.
• Universal guide eliminated the need for CT-based customization, reducing time and cost.
• Cadaver and bone model trials showed consistent accuracy, validating both methods in vitro and ex vivo.
• No significant differences in outcome when correcting uniplanar (aLDFA) vs biplanar (aLDFA + AA) deformities.
• Universal guide's fixed size presented limitations in small dogs, potentially requiring multiple size options.
• Universal guide showed potential for standard use, offering repeatable outcomes with minimal prep despite needing precise intraoperative placement.

🔍 Key Findings

• Major complications occurred in 25.6% of limbs treated with PAUL, including non-union, implant failure, and infection requiring revision surgery.
• Increased body weight was significantly associated with a higher risk of complications (7% increased risk per additional kg; p = .04).
• Post-operative radiographic assessment was unreliable in predicting complications; inter-observer agreement was poor (kappa ≤ 0.12).
• Expert evaluation of implant or reduction errors had low predictive value (k < 0.2) for postoperative complications.
• Common major complications included non-union (6 limbs), screw breakage, and surgical site infections.
• Implant removal was required in 11.5% of limbs, mostly due to non-union or infection.
• Being a Labrador appeared protective on univariate analysis, but not on multivariate analysis after adjusting for weight.
• Radiographs showing suboptimal plate placement or osteotomy reduction did not reliably correlate with actual complication occurrence.

🔍 Key Findings

From Allaith et al., 2023 – Outcomes from a multiuser canine hip replacement registry

• 2375 total hip replacements were analyzed across 1852 dogs, making this the largest multiuser canine THR dataset to date.
• Most common indications for THR were hip dysplasia (51%) and osteoarthritis (34%).
• Implants used included Kyon (46%), BioMedtrix CFX (22%), Hybrid (11%), BFX (9%), and Helica (4.5%).
• Veterinary-reported complication rate was 8.5%, while owner-reported was 23%, with moderate agreement (k=0.44).
• Most common complications: Luxation, femoral fracture, and aseptic loosening.
• BioMedtrix BFX and Helica implants had a higher risk of complications when used after femoral head and neck excision (P = .031).
• Postoperative LOAD scores significantly improved vs preoperative (21 → 11; P < .0001), supporting improved mobility.
• Owner satisfaction was high, with 88% rating outcome as very good or good.

🔍 Key Findings

• Locked facet injuries in dogs involved unilateral dorsal displacement of the cranial articular process of the caudal vertebra, most commonly at C5/6 or C6/7.
• All affected dogs were small/toy breeds, typically following trauma (most often attacks by larger dogs).
• Neurologic severity ranged from ambulatory tetraparesis to tetraplegia, often with thoracic limb deficits more severe than pelvic limbs — suggesting a central cord syndrome-like pattern.
• CT and MRI revealed axial rotation, subluxation, and articular process displacement; MRI showed T2 hyperintensity, nerve root impingement, and soft tissue changes.
• Surgical treatment included ventral fixation with screws, pins, and PMMA, and one case required dorsal facetectomy for reduction.
• Medical management, including external coaptation or rest, also resulted in functional recovery in select cases.
• All dogs with follow-up data (8/8) had functional recovery, with nonambulatory dogs regaining ambulation in a median of 4 weeks.
• No consistent differences in outcome were observed between surgical and nonsurgical management, suggesting locked facets may be biomechanically stable.

🔍 Key Findings

• Liver masses were most common in the left division (58%), followed by central (27%) and right (15%).
• Right divisional masses were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (33% vs 5.6% left, p = .0037), particularly hemorrhage and injury to major vessels.
• Mortality rate was 6.5% overall, with no significant association with liver lobe location.
• Postoperative complications occurred in 28.7% of cases, but were not significantly associated with mass location.
• Thoracic incision extension (sternotomy or diaphragmotomy) increased odds of postoperative complications by 9.1x (p < .001).
• Use of TA stapler significantly reduced both intraoperative (OR 19x lower) and postoperative complications (OR 4.4x lower) vs other methods.
• Specialist surgeons and heavier dogs had significantly fewer postoperative complications.
• Right lobectomies often required thoracic extension, indirectly linking them to increased postoperative morbidity.