Your Custom Quiz
In Radke 2022 et al., on outcome measure validation, which of the following instruments was noted to have **inconsistent factor analysis results** across validation studies?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBPI, COI, and LOAD are recommended for assessing canine osteoarthritis based on COSMIN criteria.
- COI scored highest in development rigor and evidence quality among evaluated OROMs.
- Internal consistency, reliability, and responsiveness were commonly validated, though no OROMs reported measurement error.
- LOAD was considered formative, and internal consistency assessment was deemed unnecessary.
- CBPI and COI showed sufficient internal consistency, but CBPI’s factor structure was inconsistent across studies.
- All 6 evaluated OROMs (CBPI, COI, LOAD, BHSII, HCPI, HVAS) were quick to complete (under 5 min).
- Three tools—BHSII, HCPI, HVAS—need more evidence before recommendation; only CBPI, COI, and LOAD are Category A (recommended).
- Future studies should assess interpretability, including measurement error and clinically meaningful change scores (MIC, SDC).
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Evidence‐based evaluation of owner‐reported outcome measures for canine orthopedic care – a COSMIN evaluation of 6 instruments
2022-2-VS-radke-3
In Dalton 2023 et al., on acetabular fracture repair, what was the observed rate of sciatic nerve injury in cadaveric repairs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures using precontoured plates on 3D-printed models is feasible and technically reproducible in dogs.
- All cadavers had fracture gaps <2 mm and step defects <1 mm, indicating accurate reduction.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal or absent in all cases, supporting potential neuroprotection from indirect approaches.
- Pelvic angulation was maintained <5°, confirming preservation of alignment post-reduction.
- Surgical time averaged ~46 minutes in cadavers for both approaches and repair.
- Clinical case showed good radiographic healing by 8 weeks and full union by 3 months, with early weight-bearing post-op.
- Use of locking screws improved reduction fidelity, particularly across a broad plate span.
- 3D printing accelerated surgical planning, though its necessity remains debated due to the availability and cost concerns.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-6-VS-dalton-1
In Chan 2025 et al., on partial cuneiformectomy in BOAS dogs, which preoperative factor was significantly associated with higher odds of complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Partial cuneiformectomy (PC) did not increase complication rates compared to multilevel surgery alone (overall complications: PC = 16.3%, non-PC = 19.4%; p = .758).
- Major complication rates were not significantly different (PC = 11.6%, non-PC = 7.4%; p = .482).
- Significant improvement in BOAS grade was observed in dogs undergoing PC (p < .0001).
- BOAS index improved significantly in both groups, with greater median reduction in the PC group (28.5%) than non-PC (20.7%) (p < .0001).
- Low body condition score (BCS <4) was significantly associated with higher complication rates (odds ratio = 0.452; p = .004).
- Hospitalization duration did not differ between groups (median = 1 day; p = .743).
- Mortality was low (3.5%) in the PC group despite more severe airway disease, suggesting the technique is safe even in advanced collapse.
- The technique widened the rima glottidis without damaging surrounding structures, reducing airflow resistance and preserving laryngeal function.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Complication rate and outcomes of laryngeal cuneiformectomy in dogs with advanced laryngeal collapse
2025-6-VS-chan-3
In Downey 2023 et al., on lung lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation, what was the most common underlying histopathologic diagnosis among dogs undergoing lobectomy for pulmonary consolidation?
🔍 Key Findings
- Thoracoscopic (TL) and thoracoscopic-assisted (TAL) lobectomy were performed in 12 dogs with non-neoplastic pulmonary consolidation.
- 44% (4/9) of TL cases required conversion, most often due to pleural adhesions or poor visualization — a higher rate than for neoplastic lobectomies.
- Surgical mortality was 8.3% (1/12 dogs), with death attributed to unaddressed BOAS, not surgical complications.
- All 11 surviving dogs had no recurrence of clinical signs at a median 24-month follow-up.
- Perioperative complications occurred in 58% (7/12): pneumothorax (2), hemorrhage (3), wound dehiscence (1), progressive pneumonia (1).
- One-lung ventilation (OLV) was successful in 78% of TL dogs but may be harder to achieve in brachycephalic breeds.
- Most dogs had infectious pneumonia (10/12), with bacterial causes identified in 8; fungal and viral etiologies were less common.
- Hospitalization was short, with median stays of 3–4 days depending on approach and conversion status.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Evaluation of long‐term outcome after lung lobectomy for canine non‐neoplastic pulmonary consolidation via thoracoscopic or thoracoscopic‐assisted surgery in 12 dogs
2023-6-VS-downey-3
In Matz 2022 et al., on stapler size comparison, what did the authors conclude about the clinical use of the evaluated staplers?
🔍 Key Findings
- No significant difference in initial leak pressure (ILP) among TA 30 V3 2.5 mm, TA 60 3.5 mm, and TA 60 4.8 mm stapler sizes (P = .78).
- All stapler types exceeded the physiological intraluminal pressure threshold (~25 mmHg), suggesting acceptable leak resistance.
- Mean ILPs: TA 30 V3 (181.5 mmHg), TA 60 3.5 mm (112 mmHg), TA 60 4.8 mm (77.2 mmHg).
- Leakage occurred at the staple line in 23 of 24 specimens; only one had ileal wall rupture.
- No correlation found between ILP and cadaver weight, cecal wall thickness, or cecal length.
- Cecal wall thickness averaged 4.9 mm, yet staple heights ranged only from 1.0–2.0 mm.
- One specimen in each TA 60 group leaked near or below physiologic pressures, suggesting rare outliers.
- Study supports clinical viability of all tested stapler sizes for canine typhlectomy, but highlights need for in vivo data on healing and complications.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Ex vivo comparison of different thoracoabdominal stapler sizes for typhlectomy in canine cadavers
2022-4-VS-matz-5
In Peycke 2022 et al., on CBLO in immature dogs, what was the most common **complication** from improper screw placement in CBLO?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO was effective for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs with CrCL injuries, avoiding disruption of proximal tibial growth plates.
- Radiographic union of the osteotomy occurred in a mean of 6 weeks (range: 4–8 weeks), indicating rapid bone healing.
- Full limb function was restored in all cases by long-term follow-up (mean 23 months), including dogs with initial complications.
- Two dogs developed 19° valgus deformities due to screw interference with the proximal tibial physis; both were corrected surgically with return to function.
- One dog developed 10° recurvatum due to over-rotation of the tibial plateau, but retained full function without revision.
- CCS (countersink compression screw) caused early apophyseal closure in older dogs but had no adverse clinical effects.
- In contrast, K-wire or plate-only fixation preserved open apophysis, suggesting implant choice may influence growth.
- No meniscal injuries were observed, and all CrCL injuries were managed arthroscopically — 6 complete, 6 partial, 4 avulsions.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs
2022-3-VS-peycke-2
In Price 2024 et al., on left-sided TD ligation in dogs, how many clinical cases showed a single thoracic duct branch at the proposed surgical site?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
- 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
- All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
- Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
- Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
- In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
- No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
- Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Evaluation of thoracic duct ligation and unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy via a left fourth intercostal approach in normal canine cadavers
2024-3-VS-price-4
In González Montaño 2023 et al., on traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (TPP), which management strategy was used in the majority of TPP cases?
🔍 Key Findings
- Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts (TPP) were diagnosed in 11 patients (9 dogs, 2 cats) using CT after blunt trauma.
- TPPs were identified on radiographs in 64% of cases that were CT-confirmed, highlighting the superior sensitivity of CT.
- Most cases (7/10) were managed conservatively, with complete recovery and no TPP-related mortality.
- Thoracic surgery (lung lobectomy) was performed in 3 dogs, due to persistent pneumothorax or large TPP with perceived risk of complications.
- All pneumothorax cases were managed with thoracostomy tubes, and chest drains were used in 73% of cases.
- Pneumothorax was present in 100% of patients, often bilateral, and pulmonary contusions were reported in 73%.
- One cat was euthanized due to unrelated maxillofacial trauma; no deaths were attributed to TPP itself.
- Long-term follow-up (median 768 days) revealed only 1 case with possible TPP-related pneumonia; others had no complications.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Traumatic pulmonary pseudocysts in nine dogs and two cats
2023-4-VS-gonzalezmontano-3
In Gomes 2025 et al., on subdural shunting for TL-AD, which modification was part of the surgical technique for SDS placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified subdural shunt (SDS) placement was adapted from prior techniques using a hemilaminectomy approach and no suturing of the dura or shunt.
- Dogs receiving SDS had significantly better long-term outcomes (85.7% improved) compared to those with durotomy alone (41.7%).
- Recurrence rate was lower in the SDS group (14.3%) than control (41.7%), though not statistically significant.
- Most recurrences occurred in Pugs (5/7), suggesting a breed predisposition.
- Shunt size was limited to 25% of spinal cord diameter, typically 3–3.5 Fr.
- CSF flow through the shunt was confirmed intraoperatively, supporting the role of SDS in maintaining flow and possibly preventing recurrence.
- Immediate postoperative outcomes were not different between groups (≈42% deteriorated), but long-term recovery was better with SDS.
- Steroid use pre-surgery did not correlate with improved outcome; fewer SDS dogs received steroids pre-op.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Post‐surgical outcome and recurrence rates in thoracolumbar arachnoid diverticula undergoing durotomy alone or alongside a modified technique of subdural shunt-placement in dogs
2025-5-VS-gomes-1
In Clarke 2022 et al., on nasopharyngeal collapse severity, which median percentage collapse was found in brachycephalic dogs preoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- Nasopharyngeal collapse was significantly more severe in brachycephalic dogs (median 65%) than in nonbrachycephalic controls (median 10%) (p = .0001).
- Postoperative fluoroscopy showed no significant improvement in nasopharyngeal collapse (p = .0505), despite reported clinical improvement.
- 70% of brachycephalic dogs had ≥50% collapse; 26% had 100% collapse preoperatively.
- All owners of surgical cases reported clinical improvement, including reduced respiratory noise and improved exercise tolerance.
- Surgical techniques used included combinations of alaplasty, staphylectomy, sacculectomy, and tonsillectomy.
- Improvement in nasopharyngeal dimensions was variable, with some dogs improving ≥45%, some worsening, and one dog showing a 100% increase post-op.
- Pharyngeal collapse may not be solely anatomical; neuromuscular dysfunction (e.g., reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle function) may contribute.
- Current surgical techniques may not address functional airway abnormalities, suggesting a need for multimodal or targeted interventions.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Severity of nasopharyngeal collapse before and after corrective upper airway surgery in brachycephalic dogs
2022-6-VS-clarke-1
Quiz Results
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Key Findings