Your Custom Quiz
In Mihara 2024 et al., on mitral valve repair in dogs, what geometric change supported improved valve competence?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mitral valve plasty (MVP) in dogs with MMVD significantly reduced regurgitant volume and fraction, and normalized LA:Ao ratio, indicating reversal of volume overload.
- MVP altered mitral valve geometry, with reduced annular dimensions and increased coaptation length, enhancing valve competence.
- Postoperative LA:Ao ratio dropped from 2.2 to 1.2, consistent with improved left atrial pressure and size.
- Forward stroke volume index and cardiac index increased at 3 months, reflecting improved hemodynamic function despite reduced fractional shortening.
- Three dogs (3.9%) died postoperatively, highlighting a 96.1% survival rate within 3 months.
- The repair technique involved artificial chordal replacement and annuloplasty; no cleft closure or leaflet suturing was used.
- Color Doppler echocardiography confirmed substantial reduction in mitral regurgitation postoperatively in most dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Effects of mitral valve repair on valvular geometry and hemodynamics in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
2024-3-VS-mihara-2
In Condon 2024 et al., what percentage of fractures were classified as lateral humeral condylar fractures?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Lateral humeral condylar fractures = 69.8% of cases; medial = 16.2%; Y/T = 14.0%
- Falls/stairs were the inciting trauma in 45.6% of cases; significantly younger dogs were more likely to fracture after major trauma (p = 0.01)
- Complication rate = 22% (10 major, 20 minor); implant migration and seroma most common
- Fixation method had no significant impact on complication rates (p = 0.87)
- Epicondylar comminution was significantly associated with complications (p = 0.02, OR = 3.27)
- Contralateral intracondylar fissure found in 9.8%, none progressed to fracture during study
- Wide inter-center variation in complication rate (5–62%, p = 0.002)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs—Inciting Cause and Factors Influencing Complications of Internal Fixation in 136 Dogs
2024-2-VCOT-condon-2
In Loh 2024 et al., on treatment outcomes for CvHL in dogs, which surgical technique had an 88.2% success rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Low-trauma events caused 82.9% of CvHL cases; Poodles and poodle-crosses represented 49.4% of cases.
- Success rate of hobbles (61.8%) was significantly higher than closed reduction alone (10.3%) or Ehmer sling (18.5%).
- Multivariate analysis found hobbles 7.62x more likely to succeed vs. closed reduction (p = .001).
- Specialist surgeons had higher success with nonsurgical management (OR: 2.68; p = .047).
- Older age associated with better outcomes (OR: 1.15 per year; p < .0005).
- Ehmer sling is not recommended due to high failure and complication rates (60.6%).
- Toggle rod stabilization had a high surgical success rate (88.2%) with low complication.
- No link was found between CvHL and hip dysplasia or OA in most cases (only 2/108 showed OA).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Caudoventral hip luxation in 160 dogs (2003–2023): A multicenter retrospective case series
2024-4-VS-loh-5
In Knudsen 2024 et al., on CTA diagnosis, what was the approximate percentage of menisci correctly classified in second readings?
🔍 Key Findings
- Multidetector CTA had high sensitivity (up to 100%) and specificity (up to 96%) for detecting medial meniscal tears in dogs.
- Observer experience significantly influenced diagnostic accuracy, with more experienced observers showing higher agreement and better performance.
- Training effect was evident, as less experienced observers improved between first and second readings.
- Positive likelihood ratios ≥4.6 and negative likelihood ratios ≤0.08 were observed, suggesting CTA is clinically useful for confirming or ruling out meniscal injury.
- CTA allowed identification of full and partial thickness lesions, with good visualization in sagittal, transverse, and frontal reconstructions.
- Approximately 90% of menisci were correctly classified in second readings.
- No adverse reactions were noted from the contrast injection; sedation was used instead of general anesthesia.
- CTA was less invasive and potentially more cost-effective compared to arthroscopy, especially in settings without MRI access.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive-contrast arthrography
2024-8-VS-knudsen-3
In Trefny 2025 et al., on locking plate biomechanics, what effect did transcortical contact have on long working length constructs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Short working length constructs had significantly higher stiffness and lower strain than long constructs in compression bending (p = 0.0172).
- In tension bending, short constructs also had higher precontact stiffness and lower strain, but this reversed after transcortical contact (~150 N).
- Transcortical contact increased stiffness only in long constructs, producing a bilinear load-displacement curve.
- Postcontact stiffness was higher in long constructs, but this may not reflect clinical benefit due to risks of high interfragmentary strain.
- Short working length reduced strain at multiple ROIs under both loading conditions, including over fracture gap (Tables 1–3).
- Increased working length promoted stress concentration and deformation, especially in compression bending.
- In vitro benefits of long constructs (via contact stability) may not translate to healing, as repetitive loading could increase plate strain and bone resorption.
- Plate strain was effectively mapped using 3D digital image correlation, confirming regional strain differences between configurations.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
3
2025
Effect of Plate Screw Configuration on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in a Synthetic Short Fragment Small Gap Fracture Model Stabilized with a 12-Hole 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
2025-3-VCOT-trefny-3
In Chik 2024 et al., on cholangioscopy feasibility, which endoscope successfully reached the duodenal papilla in at least one cadaver?
🔍 Key Findings
- Open transcholecystic cholangioscopy was feasible using a 3.8 mm disposable flexible endoscope in all 8 canine cadavers.
- Visualization was consistently achieved up to the junction of the hepatic ducts, common bile duct, and cystic duct.
- Advancement past the junction was limited by the endoscope diameter (3.8 mm) and anatomical flexure.
- The 1.9 mm flexible ureteroscope could visualize the entire biliary tree, including the major duodenal papilla, in a large dog (43.8 kg).
- Endoscopic tools (e.g., 3 Fr grasping forceps) could be passed through the working channel only after removing the irrigation line.
- Standard biopsy forceps were incompatible with the disposable endoscope's 1.2 mm working channel.
- Cadaver study showed no rupture, but clinical extrapolation is limited due to lack of diseased tissue.
- Disposable endoscope setup cost (~$6,100) was significantly lower than traditional endoscopy systems (~$75,000–100,000), improving accessibility.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Feasibility of open cholangioscopy with disposable flexible endoscopes
2024-7-VS-chik-3
In Aly 2024 et al., on simulator training for feline OHE, what was the difference in incidence of rescue analgesia between groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- This study evaluated whether high-fidelity surgical simulator training improved live animal and student outcomes in a feline OHE teaching lab involving 186 cats and 146 students.
- Simulator training significantly improved surgical performance and outcomes:
- Live surgery was 6 minutes shorter on average in the SIM group vs. NO-SIM (115 ± 21 min vs. 121 ± 16 min, p = .04).
- Pain scores ≥5/20 occurred in 1% of SIM group cats vs. 15% of NO-SIM group cats (p < .01).
- Rescue analgesia was needed less frequently in the SIM group (5% vs. 15%, p = .03).
- Student confidence was significantly higher in the SIM group (median 7/10 vs. 6/10, p < .01).
- The simulator used a realistic abdominal model with friable tissues and required performance of a full OHE procedure.
- The study design was nonrandomized, grouped by class year, with limitations including lack of blinding during pain assessment in year two.
- Authors concluded that pre-lab simulator competency improves both animal welfare and student confidence, recommending it as a prerequisite for live surgical training.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
2024-6-VS-aly-2
In Muroi 2024 et al., on radius plate stress effects, what FEA result was consistent in both LP 1 mm and 3 mm groups?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
- LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
- Shell element findings:
- Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
- Solid element findings:
- Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
- Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Stress Changes in the Canine Radius after Locking Plate Fixation Using Finite Element Analysis
2024-3-VCOT-muroi-4
In Miller 2024 et al., on intestinal obstruction and catheter technique in cats, what key factor was significantly associated with failed RRCT attempts?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cats with linear (LFBO) and discrete (DFBO) small intestinal obstructions had similar survival (98.2% vs. 97%, p = 1.0).
- Postoperative complications were not significantly different between LFBO and DFBO cases (p = .1386).
- Intestinal dehiscence was rare (only 2 cats), both in DFBOs, with no statistical difference between groups.
- Red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) successfully removed LFBOs in 83% (20/24) of attempts.
- All failed RRCTs occurred in cats with perforations or tissue nonviability.
- Cats with failed RRCTs had longer clinical signs pre-surgery (median 6.5 vs. 2.0 days).
- Surgical time was longer in LFBO cats (median 77 min vs. 58 min, p = .0018).
- Preoperative septic peritonitis was rare (4/169 cats), but occurred only in linear or mixed FBO cases.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Linear and discrete foreign body small intestinal obstruction outcomes, complication risk factors, and single incision red rubber catheter technique success in cats
2024-7-VS-miller-2
In Aly 2024 et al., on simulator training for feline OHE, how did simulator training affect postoperative pain scores?
🔍 Key Findings
- This study evaluated whether high-fidelity surgical simulator training improved live animal and student outcomes in a feline OHE teaching lab involving 186 cats and 146 students.
- Simulator training significantly improved surgical performance and outcomes:
- Live surgery was 6 minutes shorter on average in the SIM group vs. NO-SIM (115 ± 21 min vs. 121 ± 16 min, p = .04).
- Pain scores ≥5/20 occurred in 1% of SIM group cats vs. 15% of NO-SIM group cats (p < .01).
- Rescue analgesia was needed less frequently in the SIM group (5% vs. 15%, p = .03).
- Student confidence was significantly higher in the SIM group (median 7/10 vs. 6/10, p < .01).
- The simulator used a realistic abdominal model with friable tissues and required performance of a full OHE procedure.
- The study design was nonrandomized, grouped by class year, with limitations including lack of blinding during pain assessment in year two.
- Authors concluded that pre-lab simulator competency improves both animal welfare and student confidence, recommending it as a prerequisite for live surgical training.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Effect of surgical simulator training on student and live animal outcomes in a feline ovariohysterectomy teaching laboratory
2024-6-VS-aly-3
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