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In Tani 2022 et al., on FCU tendon reconstruction, what type of fixation was used postoperatively to protect the repair?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fascia lata autograft reconstruction of the FCU tendon successfully treated carpal hyperextension in both dogs.
- Primary repair was not possible in one dog due to complete rupture; a fascia lata graft bridged the tendon gap.
- In the second case, elongated tendon was corrected and reinforced with fascia lata to prevent recurrence.
- Type I external skeletal fixation was used for 6 weeks to support tendon healing in both dogs.
- Postoperative gait and range of motion returned to normal, with no recurrence at 36-month follow-up.
- Ultrasonography aided diagnosis, revealing thinning and echogenic changes in the FCU tendon.
- Histologic findings showed mild, nonspecific muscle changes, suggesting injury rather than a systemic disease.
- No complications occurred, and fascia lata showed potential for biological integration and remodeling into tendon-like structure.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Reconstruction of the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon with a fascia lata autograft in two dogs with carpal hyperextension
2022-8-VS-tani-2
In Scott 2023 et al., on thoracoscopic-assisted lung lobectomy, what was the **most common classification** of postoperative complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- TA lung lobectomy was feasible in dogs ≥3 kg, including those with lesions up to 10 cm.
- 12 intraoperative complications (40%) occurred, with 6 dogs (20%) converted to open thoracotomy, mainly due to adhesions or inability to isolate lobes.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 8 dogs (27%), most were mild (63%), and only 1 death (3%) was reported.
- Median hospitalization was 47 hours; 29/30 dogs were discharged successfully.
- One-lung ventilation (OLV) was attempted in 7 dogs but successfully maintained in only 4.
- Linear staplers had shorter surgery times (median 57.5 min) than endoscopic staplers (80 min).
- Histopathology confirmed neoplasia in 77% of cases, most commonly papillary and bronchioalveolar carcinoma.
- TA lobectomy allows MIS in smaller dogs or with large lesions, avoiding need for full thoracotomy or complex anesthesia/stapling.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Complications and outcomes of thoracoscopic-assisted lung lobectomy in dogs
2023-1-VS-scott-5
In Espinel Rupérez 2023 et al., on feline hip stabilization, how many surgical technique deviations were reported across the 14 joints?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization (AA-HTS) was successfully completed in all 14 feline cadaver joints.
- Femoral and acetabular tunnel creation was feasible in all cases, though femoral tunnel placement had a higher rate of deviations.
- Intraoperative complications occurred in 5/14 joints, mostly related to femoral tunnel creation and toggle lodging.
- Minor articular cartilage injury (<10% total cartilage area) occurred in 10/14 joints, but no injury to neurovascular or intrapelvic structures.
- Thirteen surgical technique deviations (8 major, 5 minor) were identified in 7 joints, all involving the femoral tunnel.
- Toggle passage through the femoral tunnel was the most challenging step, being mildly difficult in 6 joints.
- Postoperative CT and gross dissection confirmed all toggles and buttons were in correct position, without damage to major surrounding structures.
- No deviations, complications, or cartilage injuries occurred in the last 4 joints, suggesting a learning curve effect.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Arthroscopic-assisted hip toggle stabilization in cats: An ex vivo feasibility study
2023-6-VS-espinel-3
In Scheuermann 2024 et al., on 3D-printed reduction guides for tibial fractures, how was virtual surgical planning efficiency affected by case number?
🔍 Key Findings
- The study was a prospective clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed, patient-specific reduction system for aligning diaphyseal tibial fractures stabilized using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in fifteen client-owned dogs.
- Virtual surgical planning (VSP) and fabrication were feasible within a clinically relevant timeframe, with a mean of 50.7 hours. Surgical efficiency improved with experience.
- Pin-guide placement was accurate, with median translational discrepancies of 2.7 mm (proximal) and 2.9 mm (distal), and angular discrepancies highest in the axial plane.
- The proximal guide was easier to apply (median Likert score: 8) than the distal guide (median: 6).
- The 3D-printed system enabled near-anatomic reduction in 87% of cases and acceptable reduction in the remaining 13%; no unacceptable reductions occurred.
- Postoperative alignment and tibial length were well-restored, with all dogs within 5° or 5 mm of contralateral measurements.
- Temporary circular fixation was occasionally used to assist reduction and improve alignment.
- Precontoured plates fit easily, with a median Likert score of 9; total surgical time was shorter than conventional MIPO at the institution.
- The study lacked a control group but builds on prior cadaveric feasibility work.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Efficacy of virtual surgical planning and a three‐dimensional‐printed surgical guide for canine segmental mandibular reconstruction in a cadaver model
2024-6-VS-scheuermann1-4
In Buote 2023 et al., on feline laparoscopic cannulas, which material was ultimately used to create **autoclavable cannulas** for use in live patients?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed cannulas (3DPCs) reduced mean surgical time significantly in cadaveric procedures (125.6 vs 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
- Cannula pullout events decreased from a mean of 10 to 2.2 per procedure when using only 3DPCs (p = 0.03).
- Instrument collisions were significantly fewer with 3DPCs (6.8 vs 2.6 collisions, p = 0.03).
- Live patients experienced no postoperative complications, including no incision site infections or discomfort.
- Initial versions of 3DPCs had minor issues, including valve leakage and looser trocar fit, requiring surgical workarounds.
- Customization of cannula shaft length (3 cm vs standard 5–8.3 cm) improved working space and reduced instrument interference.
- Production cost was under $5 per cannula, suggesting 3DPCs may be a cost-effective and reusable alternative for small patients.
- Study supports broader use of 3DPCs in laparoscopic procedures requiring long-jawed instruments or intricate tissue handling.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
2023-6-VS-buote-4-207e4
In Carrera 2024 et al., what was the average time to radiographic bone healing following early MPL surgery?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 5 juvenile dogs (mean age 7.2 months) with grade III–IV MPL were treated surgically.
- Most had femoral varus + external tibial torsion; some had shallow trochlear grooves.
- Distal femoral osteotomy was performed in 4/5 dogs; Tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) in 3/5; Sulcoplasty in 2/5.
- Mean time to weight bearing: 9.8 ± 5.5 days; healing: 55 ± 24 days
- No reluxations, and final radiographic values for aLDFA and torsion were maintained at 1 year.
- One complication due to domestic trauma, not surgical failure.
- Early surgery appeared to preserve alignment and prevent deformity progression.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Early Surgical Management of Medial Patellar Luxation in Juvenile Dogs
2024-2-VCOT-carrera-3
In de Moya 2023 et al., on FGPP of femoral capital physeal/neck fractures, what was the median surgical time for FGPP procedures?
🔍 Key Findings
- 11 dogs, 13 fractures (mostly Salter-Harris type I) were repaired with FGPP using Kirschner wires.
- 10/13 fractures achieved satisfactory healing with good limb function at ~43 days median follow-up.
- Major complications occurred in 5 dogs: intra-articular pin placement, implant migration (2), implant failure with nonunion, and malunion.
- 2 dogs presenting >15 days post-injury with radiographic remodeling were poor candidates → higher risk of nonunion/malunion.
- Preoperative displacement was mostly mild (10/13 fractures); these had better outcomes than chronic or severely displaced cases.
- Median surgical time: 60 minutes (range 45–75), all performed percutaneously without conversion to open.
- Elective pin removal was performed in 5 cases; migration occurred with both short and long cut wires.
- Femoral neck resorption (“apple-coring”) was rare (2/10 healed cases) and thought to be less frequent than after ORIF due to reduced vascular disruption.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Closed reduction and fluoroscopic-guided percutaneous pinning of femoral capital physeal or neck fractures: Thirteen fractures in 11 dogs
2023-7-VS-demoya-5
In Vandekerckhove 2024 et al., what effect did lever arm length (device position) have on hip laxity measurement?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Used VMBDmD to quantify hip laxity under increasing force in cadaveric dogs (n=34).
- 90% of hips reached ≥90% of LImax at 95.32 N, defining this force as sufficient for subluxation.
- LImax was not significantly influenced by osteoarthritis, weight, sex, or limb side.
- Position of device (lever length) influenced rate of laxity acquisition, not final LImax.
- LI curves were repeatable across 5 sessions, indicating elastic—not plastic—deformation.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Quantifying the Stress in Stress Radiographs to Determine Sufficient Laxity of the Coxofemoral Joint
2024-1-VCOT-vandekerckhove-4
In Evers 2022 et al., on bone-to-tendon plate fixation, what was the primary reason for anchoring the plate to the tendon instead of the bone?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bone-to-tendon plate fixation allowed successful stabilization of a highly comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog with fragments too small for traditional fixation.
- The plate was sutured to the common calcaneal tendon using a figure-of-8 pattern, bypassing the need for screw fixation into small proximal fragments.
- Radiographic union was achieved by 17 weeks, though considered delayed, with the dog returning to normal function by 36 weeks post-op.
- A second surgery was required to replace the tendon-anchored plate with a calcaneus-only plate due to skin ulceration and implant prominence.
- Implant-associated infection was suspected; cultures confirmed Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, managed with doxycycline and clindamycin.
- Use of human placental matrix (hPM) and both autogenous and allogenic bone grafts supported healing, though their specific contribution remains uncertain.
- Postoperative complications included delayed union and skin ulceration, emphasizing challenges of implant design and soft tissue management.
- This is the first report of using a bone-to-tendon plate for a calcaneus fracture in dogs and demonstrates its potential in cases where traditional methods are not viable.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Use of a bone‐to‐tendon plate to stabilize a comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog
2022-5-VS-evers-1
In Brisimi 2022 et al., on tracheal anastomosis tension, where did failure most commonly occur?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tracheal anastomoses in immature dogs failed at significantly lower distraction forces (44.91 ± 59.03 N) than in adults (149.31 ± 45.36 N; _P_ = .007).
- Immature tracheae tolerated significantly more elongation before failure (39.75 ± 5.45%) than adult tracheae (30.57 ± 7.19%; _P_ = .0012).
- All constructs failed by suture tearing through the annular ligament, primarily near the dorsal tracheal ring.
- Overlapping of tracheal ends was seen in 50% of specimens across both age groups, suggesting limitations in tissue apposition with the chosen technique.
- Simple continuous pattern using 2-0 polypropylene was used; this pattern provides superior tensile strength compared to simple interrupted, but apposition may be suboptimal.
- Tracheal elasticity in immature dogs may allow longer resections, but the lower tensile strength necessitates reinforcement.
- Annular ligament-cartilage technique with 4-mm suture spacing showed variable results; smaller bites and nylon suture may improve outcomes.
- Ex vivo setup using frozen-thawed tracheae is a limitation, but prior studies support comparability with fresh tissue.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Influence of age on resistance to distraction after tracheal anastomoses in dogs: An ex vivo study
2022-5-VS-brisimi-3
Quiz Results
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Key Findings