🔍 Key Findings

• 40 dogs with congenital EHPSS were surgically treated using intraoperative transsplenic injection of agitated saline (TIAS) to assess full temporary occlusion.
• TIAS was successful in 38/40 dogs; the remaining 2 had additional shunting vessels not originally seen and required further identification/ligation.
• No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred.
• TIAS allowed real-time confirmation of attenuation success using ultrasound-visible microbubbles.
• Median postoperative bile acids were 5 μmol/L (preprandial) and 25 μmol/L (postprandial).
• Long-term outcomes: 29/39 dogs had excellent, 10/39 had good outcomes; 3 dogs died unrelated to EHPSS.
• Technique is presented as a safe, quick, low-cost, accessible intraoperative assessment alternative to IOMP or SP.

🔍 Key Findings

• AMA-based CCWO realigned the anatomical and mechanical axes in 82% of dogs >50 kg, with postoperative AMA angle of 0° in most cases.
• Surgical site infection (SSI) rate was only 0.5%, markedly lower than TPLO-reported rates in similar populations (up to 37.5%).
• All osteotomies achieved Grade 4 healing by 8 weeks, with no implant failures.
• AMA-based planning based on preoperative AMA and TPA allowed for better correction of proximal tibial angulation compared to TPLO in large dogs.
• Use of a double locking plate (DLP) fixation and Robert Jones bandage (RJB) contributed to improved mechanical stability and infection prevention.
• Dogs with AMA angle >3.4° (hyper-CCAPT) were 38% of the cohort, supporting AMA as a critical metric in planning.
• Postoperative alignment of the AA and MA was more consistently achieved when preoperative AMA was >2.4°, confirming suitability of AMA-based CCWO for severe angulation.
• Most infections in TPLOs occur within 15 days, but RJB plus antibiotics in this study appeared protective, suggesting benefit for early-phase SSI prevention.

🔍 Key Findings

140 laparoscopic surgeons surveyed; 37% reported at least one musculoskeletal disorder.
Women had significantly higher odds of reporting WRMD (OR = 2.59, p = .011).
Smaller glove size significantly associated with WRMD (p = .001), shoulder tendonitis (p = .01), and neck strain (p = .001).
Most common injuries: Neck strain (35%), shoulder tendonitis (31%).
WRMD was associated with greater difficulty using:

• Rotating cup biopsy forceps (p < .001)
• Vessel sealing device and endo stapler (especially in those with shoulder injuries)

No significant association with surgeon age, dominant hand, height, weight, or case volume.

🔍 Key Findings

• Simulated quadriceps and gastrocnemius forces increased proportionally with axial load in all three femoral fixation models.
• Model 2 (rigid fixation) resulted in subphysiologic quadriceps forces and abnormally high gastrocnemius forces, reducing model fidelity.
• Models 1 and 3 (with hip mobility) produced more physiologic quadriceps and force ratios, especially under 30–40% bodyweight loads.
• Force ratios were significantly lower in rigid fixation (Model 2) compared to hip-mobile models (p = .007), suggesting model design affects simulated muscle coordination.
• Joint angles (stifle and hock) remained within acceptable limits, though slight flexion occurred with increasing load.
• Relative foot position differed by ~3.9 mm between models 2 and 3, with model 2 showing a more caudal position.
• Model 3 preserved benefits of hip mobility while allowing radiographic documentation, making it a preferred setup for future studies.
• The study suggests that models used in feline stifle stabilization research may underestimate physiologic forces, especially with rigid fixation designs.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• The lateral approach via scapular osteotomy allowed safe access to the T1-2 foramen in a French Bulldog with foraminal disc extrusion.
• A mini-hemilaminectomy was performed, preserving articular facets.
• The dog had no neurologic deficits postoperatively, returned to ambulation within 24 hours, and was discharged in 3 days.
• At 10 months, CT confirmed excellent scapular healing and no recurrence.
• Double 2.4-mm locking plates provided stable fixation across the scapular spine.
• The technique avoided thoracic entry or dorsal spine dissection, suggesting a less invasive alternative for select T1-2 foraminal cases.

🔍 Key Findings

• SVAPs placed in axillary (aSVAP) or femoral/external iliac veins (fSVAP) during limb amputation remained functional in 92.3% and 100% of cases, respectively.
• Complication rates were lower in aSVAP (23.1%) and fSVAP (0%) compared to jSVAP (47.4%), although not statistically significant (P = .12).
• No catastrophic complications occurred with aSVAP or fSVAP; 2 deaths occurred with jSVAP due to port-related issues.
• Infection-related port removal was needed in 1 aSVAP (7.7%) and 2 jSVAPs (10.5%) — no removals were required in fSVAPs.
• Tip placement of the catheter (e.g., right atrium vs. vena cava) did not correlate with complications (P = .66).
• Shorter surgical time likely with aSVAP/fSVAP as they use the same surgical field as the limb amputation.
• Survival time median was similar across groups (jSVAP: 177 days, aSVAP: 125 days, fSVAP: 122 days).
• SVAP implantation during limb amputation offers a practical and safe alternative to separate jugular placement.

🔍 Key Findings

• Lateral humeral condylar fractures (LHCF) were most common, comprising 63.6% of cases.
• Transcondylar screw (TCS) + K-wire(s) fixation had a 7.62x higher risk of major complications compared to other methods (p = .009).
• All cases of TCS migration occurred in the TCS + K-wire group; none occurred with plate fixation.
• Overall complication rate was 40.9%, with 29.5% being major and requiring intervention.
• Contralateral humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) were found in 58.1% of French Bulldogs with CT data.
• No significant association between age and presence of HIF, but fissure length increased with age (R = 0.47, p = .048).
• Younger, lighter dogs had higher complication and screw migration rates, possibly due to softer bone and smaller condyles.
• TCS + plate fixation had the lowest complication rate, suggesting biomechanical superiority.

🔍 Key Findings

• 42% of dogs (33/78) treated with Arthrex 3.5 mm STS during TPLO developed radiographic TCTF
• TCTFs occurred exclusively distal to the osteotomy
• 14% of screws (36/250) distal to the osteotomy were associated with TCTFs
• 6% of dogs with TCTFs developed major complications (e.g., complete tibial fracture requiring surgical revision)
• Angulation of cortical STS screws, especially in the distal plate holes, was a key contributor to complications
• Locking screws were also involved, but cortical screws angled improperly were overrepresented in serious outcomes
• Revision recommendations included preemptive fixation for large TCTFs or angulated screw placements
• Use of non-self-tapping screws (NSTS) previously showed a <1% TCTF rate, supporting higher risk with STS

🔍 Key Findings

• Anastomosis of the thoracic duct (TD) to the intercostal vein (ICV) using a microvascular anastomotic coupler (MAC) was feasible in all 6 healthy dogs
• Immediate postoperative patency was confirmed in all dogs, but only 4/6 had patent anastomoses at 30 days, with 2 failing due to ICV kinking
• Kinking of the ICV near the azygos vein insertion was the primary failure mechanism, likely from MAC malalignment
• No intraoperative or major postoperative complications occurred, though 2 dogs developed mild seromas
• Use of the MAC device simplified microsurgical anastomosis versus hand suturing, especially in the deep thoracic cavity
• Contrast lymphangiography showed faster clearance from the cisterna chyli postoperatively, suggesting effective flow redirection
• Persistent branches of the thoracic duct may impact outcomes, and should be ligated during surgery
• This technique may be a potential novel treatment for idiopathic chylothorax, improving outcomes by reducing collateral flow stimuli

🔍 Key Findings

• 48% of the intra-articular biceps tendon was visible at a standing angle; this increased to 63% in flexion (p = 0.0003).
• 58% of the medial glenohumeral ligament's cranial border was within view.
• 20% of the subscapularis tendon was visualized via the standard lateral arthroscopic approach.
• Visibility was assessed using tattoo ink markers and confirmed via dissection in cadavers.
• Limitations of standard lateral portals may lead to underdiagnosis of deeper or distal pathology in these structures.