Yu et al: Systematic review of surgical treatment for severe elbow osteoarthritis in dogs
Veterinary Surgery 1, 2026

🔍 Key Findings

  • Canine unicompartmental elbow (CUE) had the highest reported success (91–98%) and the second-best safety profile (NNH = 7.6).
  • Sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO) showed moderate success (43–82%) but had the best safety profile (NNH = 9.5).
  • Overall evidence quality was low, with no Level I studies and only five Level II (prospective) studies.
  • Success measures were inconsistent, often based on subjective outcomes (e.g., owner satisfaction), limiting comparability.
  • Adverse events were common, with high complication rates in arthrodesis and total elbow arthroplasty (TEA).
  • One study using objective outcome (PVF) showed only 43% long-term success for SHO, suggesting possible overestimation of success in subjective studies.
  • The review highlights the need for validated, standardized outcome tools in elbow OA surgery trials.
  • Number needed to harm (NNH) emerged as a more consistent and informative safety metric than success percentages.

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Yu et al: Systematic review of surgical treatment for severe elbow osteoarthritis in dogs
Veterinary Surgery 1, 2026

🔍 Key Findings

  • Canine unicompartmental elbow (CUE) had the highest reported success (91–98%) and the second-best safety profile (NNH = 7.6).
  • Sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO) showed moderate success (43–82%) but had the best safety profile (NNH = 9.5).
  • Overall evidence quality was low, with no Level I studies and only five Level II (prospective) studies.
  • Success measures were inconsistent, often based on subjective outcomes (e.g., owner satisfaction), limiting comparability.
  • Adverse events were common, with high complication rates in arthrodesis and total elbow arthroplasty (TEA).
  • One study using objective outcome (PVF) showed only 43% long-term success for SHO, suggesting possible overestimation of success in subjective studies.
  • The review highlights the need for validated, standardized outcome tools in elbow OA surgery trials.
  • Number needed to harm (NNH) emerged as a more consistent and informative safety metric than success percentages.

Simini Surgery Review Podcast

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Yu 2026 et al., on elbow OA surgery outcomes, evaluating harm via number needed to harm (NNH), which procedure had the best safety profile?

A. Proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy (PAUL)
B. Elbow arthrodesis
C. Canine unicompartmental elbow (CUE)
D. Sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO)
E. Total elbow arthroplasty

Answer: Sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO)

Explanation: SHO had the highest NNH of 9.5, indicating fewer dogs harmed per procedures performed.

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