🔍 Key Findings
- Oxley's modified CCWO did not achieve the target TPA of 5° in most cases, even with planning.
- Mean planned TPA was 7.6°, higher than target, and consistent across dog sizes.
- Postoperative TPAs were significantly higher in small dogs (median 7°) than in large dogs (median 4.5°).
- Distalization >7.5 mm of the osteotomy from the patellar tendon led to increased under-correction of TPA.
- Only dogs with preoperative TPA >35° achieved post-planning TPAs close to the 5° target.
- Postoperative osteotomy positions were generally more distal than recommended (8.6 mm median).
- Virtual plate fit was appropriate for all dogs at 5 mm or 7.5 mm positions, suggesting no need for excessive distalization.
- Excessive correction leading to negative TPAs occurred in some cases, risking caudal cruciate ligament strain.
