In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, why are two simple interrupted sutures (TCS) or SCCS considered superior to a single suture (SICS)?
A. They decrease staple line offset
B. They reduce peritoneal contamination
C. They allow faster healing time
D. They improve tension distribution at the crotch
E. They are easier to place intraoperatively
Answer: They improve tension distribution at the crotch
Explanation: TCS and SCCS better distribute tension at the crotch, reducing leakage risk.
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which statement best describes leakage location outcomes with SCCS?
A. Leakage occurred in 50% at the crotch
B. Leakage occurred in 100% at the crotch
C. Leakage occurred only at the transverse staple line
D. Leakage occurred only at the longitudinal staple line
E. Leakage was equally distributed between crotch and staple line
Answer: Leakage occurred only at the longitudinal staple line
Explanation: No leakage was observed at the crotch with SCCS; all leakage occurred at the longitudinal staple line.
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which technique resulted in the highest **initial leakage pressure** during FEESA in dogs?
A. Simple interrupted crotch suture (SICS)
B. Two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS)
C. Simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS)
D. No crotch suture (NCS)
E. Interrupted cruciate pattern
Answer: Simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS)
Explanation: SCCS produced the highest ILP at 47.6 mm Hg, significantly higher than all other techniques.
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which statement is true regarding maximal leakage pressure (MLP)?
A. Only SCCS increased MLP compared to NCS
B. Only TCS increased MLP compared to NCS
C. All crotch suture techniques increased MLP compared to NCS
D. MLP was highest with SICS
E. MLP was lowest with SCCS
Answer: All crotch suture techniques increased MLP compared to NCS
Explanation: MLP increased significantly in all augmented groups (SICS, TCS, SCCS) relative to NCS.
In Duffy 2022 et al., on crotch suture techniques, which group had the **lowest resistance to leakage**, sometimes leaking below physiologic pressures?
A. No crotch suture (NCS)
B. Simple interrupted crotch suture (SICS)
C. Two simple interrupted crotch sutures (TCS)
D. Simple continuous crotch suture (SCCS)
E. Oversewn transverse staple line only
Answer: No crotch suture (NCS)
Explanation: NCS constructs sometimes leaked at <25 mm Hg, which is below normal canine peristaltic pressures.
