🔍 Key Findings

• No significant difference in initial leak pressure (ILP) among TA 30 V3 2.5 mm, TA 60 3.5 mm, and TA 60 4.8 mm stapler sizes (P = .78).
• All stapler types exceeded the physiological intraluminal pressure threshold (~25 mmHg), suggesting acceptable leak resistance.
• Mean ILPs: TA 30 V3 (181.5 mmHg), TA 60 3.5 mm (112 mmHg), TA 60 4.8 mm (77.2 mmHg).
• Leakage occurred at the staple line in 23 of 24 specimens; only one had ileal wall rupture.
• No correlation found between ILP and cadaver weight, cecal wall thickness, or cecal length.
• Cecal wall thickness averaged 4.9 mm, yet staple heights ranged only from 1.0–2.0 mm.
• One specimen in each TA 60 group leaked near or below physiologic pressures, suggesting rare outliers.
• Study supports clinical viability of all tested stapler sizes for canine typhlectomy, but highlights need for in vivo data on healing and complications.

🔍 Key Findings

• No infections (0/102) occurred in cases where preclosure povidone-iodine lavage (PrePIL) was used, compared to 21/2111 (0.99%) with saline lavage.
• Break-even cost for PrePIL was calculated at $49.74, while the actual cost was only $2.07, confirming strong cost-effectiveness.
• No adverse reactions or healing complications were reported in the 102 PrePIL cases.
• The PrePIL protocol used 0.35% povidone-iodine for 3 minutes before closure, followed by sterile saline lavage.
• Majority of THRs (97%) used cementless fixation (BFX) in PrePIL group; only 3 cases used CFX components.
• Surgeries followed consistent perioperative antibiotic protocols, making PrePIL the only major protocol variable.
• Antibiotics were not added to lavage, aligning with WHO and CDC guidelines for antimicrobial stewardship.
• The infection reduction with PrePIL supports routine use in total hip replacement to reduce periprosthetic joint infections.

🔍 Key Findings

From Allaith et al., 2023 – Outcomes from a multiuser canine hip replacement registry

• 2375 total hip replacements were analyzed across 1852 dogs, making this the largest multiuser canine THR dataset to date.
• Most common indications for THR were hip dysplasia (51%) and osteoarthritis (34%).
• Implants used included Kyon (46%), BioMedtrix CFX (22%), Hybrid (11%), BFX (9%), and Helica (4.5%).
• Veterinary-reported complication rate was 8.5%, while owner-reported was 23%, with moderate agreement (k=0.44).
• Most common complications: Luxation, femoral fracture, and aseptic loosening.
• BioMedtrix BFX and Helica implants had a higher risk of complications when used after femoral head and neck excision (P = .031).
• Postoperative LOAD scores significantly improved vs preoperative (21 → 11; P < .0001), supporting improved mobility.
• Owner satisfaction was high, with 88% rating outcome as very good or good.

🔍 Key Findings

• Medial meniscus injury (MMI) occurred in 36.3% of stifles with CrCLR in toy breed dogs (<5 kg)
• Complete CrCLR was significantly associated with MMI (15.3% of complete vs. 3.4% of partial)
• Severe lameness (grade 3) increased the likelihood of MMI compared to mild lameness (grade 1)
• Higher body weight, even within the toy breed range, was positively associated with MMI
• Yorkshire Terriers had the highest MMI incidence (55.6%), but this was not a significant independent factor due to multicollinearity
• Arthroscopy identified more meniscal damage (including small radial tears and bucket-handle lesions) than gross examination might detect
• MMI was classified as mild (radial tear) or severe (bucket-handle or flap) with implications for partial meniscectomy
• Arthroscopy was used in all cases, underscoring its utility in small-breed stifle assessment

🔍 Key Findings

Population: 9 dogs underwent revision of osteointegrated acetabular cups after total hip arthroplasty (THA)

Revision Indications:

• 7 luxations (5 ventral, 2 craniodorsal)
• 1 femoral stem fracture
• 1 aseptic stem loosening

Implants:

• 8 BFX cups, 1 Helica; all revised to BFX
• 7/9 required a larger cup than original

Cup removal: Required sectioning with a high-speed burr and modular osteotome; removal fragments extracted

Complications:

• 1 recurrent luxation
• 1 low-grade infection with possible metallic debris-associated osteolysis
• 2 femoral fissures managed intraoperatively

Outcomes:

• Good to excellent function in 6/6 dogs available at median 621 days
• Minimal complications with success in re-osteointegration of new cup

Clinical takeaway: Revision of stable, ingrown cups is feasible and offers an alternative to pelvic osteotomies; typically requires upsizing

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D laparoscopy significantly reduced time to first endoclip placement compared to 2D (median 76 vs. 238 seconds, p = .016).
• Total surgical time was not significantly different between 3D and 2D groups.
• No differences were observed in intraoperative complications such as cystic duct injury, clip dislodgment, or gallbladder perforation.
• Cystic duct stump length was comparable between groups (median 2.5 mm).
• Liver parenchyma attachment severity did not differ significantly between 2D and 3D groups.
• All procedures were performed by an experienced surgeon, potentially reducing the benefit seen with 3D visualization.
• No conversions to open surgery occurred, and no intraoperative complications were reported.
• The study suggests 3D laparoscopy may aid less experienced surgeons due to enhanced depth perception.

🔍 Key Findings

• Proximal Tibia Metatarsal Angle (PTMTA) was significantly increased in dogs with grade 3 and 4 MPL, making it a useful marker for severity.
• PTMTA strongly correlated with Tibial Torsion Angle (TTA) (r = 0.733) and Crural Rotation Angle (CRA) (r = 0.643), integrating multiple morphological deformities.
• Grade 4 MPL cases showed significant internal tibial torsion, increased mMPTA, and decreased MDTT/PTW—indicating both rotation and medial displacement.
• DTMTA was significantly more negative in grade 4, indicating a consistent pattern of internal foot rotation with disease severity.
• PTMTA can be visually assessed during palpation, offering preoperative utility without CT.
• Among toy poodles, PTMTA showed significant differences even between grades 3 and normal, suggesting breed-specific severity patterns.
• Corrective osteotomy may need to address tibial as well as femoral deformities in severe MPL cases with high PTMTA.
• Younger dogs with grade 4 MPL had more severe deformities, possibly due to early onset or developmental progression.

🔍 Key Findings

• Both patient-specific and universal guides yielded correction errors <2°, with no statistically significant difference in accuracy.
• Universal guide corrected aLDFA up to 24° and AA up to 20°, addressing multiplanar deformities effectively.
• Patient-specific guides allowed for preoperative simulation, providing more stable pin placement and potentially aiding less-experienced surgeons.
• Universal guide eliminated the need for CT-based customization, reducing time and cost.
• Cadaver and bone model trials showed consistent accuracy, validating both methods in vitro and ex vivo.
• No significant differences in outcome when correcting uniplanar (aLDFA) vs biplanar (aLDFA + AA) deformities.
• Universal guide's fixed size presented limitations in small dogs, potentially requiring multiple size options.
• Universal guide showed potential for standard use, offering repeatable outcomes with minimal prep despite needing precise intraoperative placement.

🔍 Key Findings

139 immature dogs with humeral condylar fractures (HCF) reviewed retrospectively.
Postoperative plan changed in 17% (23/139) of cases.
Key risk factors for plan change:

• Owner concerns (OR: 7.6)
• Analgesic use at follow-up (OR: 7.9)
• Lameness (OR: 5.9)
• Abnormal clinical exam (OR: 44.8)
• Radiographic abnormalities (OR: 51.9)

No plan changes were based solely on radiographs when clinical signs were absent.
Supracondylar K-wire migration noted in 3.5% of dogs without affecting the clinical plan.
Authors conclude that routine follow-up radiographs offer limited value without concurrent clinical indicators.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 86 elbows assessed: 32 Guide Dogs, 11 Border Collies
• Guide Dogs showed significantly higher HU values in:
  • MCP: min (p = 0.022), mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
  • Humeral trochlea: mean (p < 0.01), max (p < 0.01)
• Results imply breed-associated HU variation, not necessarily pathologic sclerosis
• Relevance: Important to avoid false positives for elbow dysplasia during CT-based breeding screens
• Good interobserver agreement for mean HU values (ICC ~0.82–0.90)