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In Dalton 2023 et al., on acetabular fracture repair, how did the clinical case dog recover following minimally invasive acetabular fracture repair?
🔍 Key Findings
- Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures using precontoured plates on 3D-printed models is feasible and technically reproducible in dogs.
- All cadavers had fracture gaps <2 mm and step defects <1 mm, indicating accurate reduction.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal or absent in all cases, supporting potential neuroprotection from indirect approaches.
- Pelvic angulation was maintained <5°, confirming preservation of alignment post-reduction.
- Surgical time averaged ~46 minutes in cadavers for both approaches and repair.
- Clinical case showed good radiographic healing by 8 weeks and full union by 3 months, with early weight-bearing post-op.
- Use of locking screws improved reduction fidelity, particularly across a broad plate span.
- 3D printing accelerated surgical planning, though its necessity remains debated due to the availability and cost concerns.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-6-VS-dalton-4
In Wylie 2025 et al., on femoral implant accuracy, which implant type had the highest placement accuracy?
🔍 Key Findings
- Accurate femoral isometric placement was achieved in 63% of cases, significantly more with SwiveLock (78.6%) than FASTak (38.9%).
- Inaccurate placement was associated with increased internal tibial rotation at follow-up (p = .009), suggesting potential implant failure.
- Pivot shift grade improved in 90.9% of stifles postoperatively, regardless of implant positioning accuracy.
- SwiveLock implants had a faster learning curve and higher placement accuracy than FASTak.
- Higher patient weight was linked to more accurate implant placement (p = .012), likely due to easier anatomical landmark identification.
- No correlation found between implant type or positioning accuracy and final pivot shift grade at 6 weeks.
- Minor and major complications were low and not significantly different between implant types.
- A simplified 2-grade pivot shift system was proposed for clinical use (Grade 1: glide, Grade 2: clunk), aiding intraoperative decision-making.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of femoral isometric placement accuracy of internal brace implants and its impact on stifle stability in the management of pivot shift phenomenon following TPLO
2025-7-VS-wylie-2
In Gomes 2025 et al., on subdural shunting for TL-AD, what was the guideline for selecting shunt tube size?
🔍 Key Findings
- Modified subdural shunt (SDS) placement was adapted from prior techniques using a hemilaminectomy approach and no suturing of the dura or shunt.
- Dogs receiving SDS had significantly better long-term outcomes (85.7% improved) compared to those with durotomy alone (41.7%).
- Recurrence rate was lower in the SDS group (14.3%) than control (41.7%), though not statistically significant.
- Most recurrences occurred in Pugs (5/7), suggesting a breed predisposition.
- Shunt size was limited to 25% of spinal cord diameter, typically 3–3.5 Fr.
- CSF flow through the shunt was confirmed intraoperatively, supporting the role of SDS in maintaining flow and possibly preventing recurrence.
- Immediate postoperative outcomes were not different between groups (≈42% deteriorated), but long-term recovery was better with SDS.
- Steroid use pre-surgery did not correlate with improved outcome; fewer SDS dogs received steroids pre-op.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Post‐surgical outcome and recurrence rates in thoracolumbar arachnoid diverticula undergoing durotomy alone or alongside a modified technique of subdural shunt-placement in dogs
2025-5-VS-gomes-4
In Klever 2024 et al., what degree of cranial–caudal pelvic tilt was required before observers consistently perceived images as "tilted"?
🔍 Key Findings
- Dorsoventral radiographs artificially increase Norberg angle values by 3.2–5.8% and should be excluded.
- Lateral pelvic tilt >2° causes asymmetric changes in Norberg angle; >3° results in significant side-specific changes.
- Cranioventral-to-caudodorsal tilt >10° results in obvious radiographic tilt, but changes Norberg angle by only ~2%.
- Tilted but subjectively acceptable images have minor impact and may still be usable for screening.
- Norberg angle readings differed consistently between left/right hips — possibly due to operator handedness.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Influence of Femoral Position and Pelvic Projection on Norberg Angle Measurements
2024-1-VCOT-klever-5
In You 2025 et al., on barbed sutures for lung lobectomy, what was the main advantage of barbed sutures compared to traditional sutures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Barbed sutures showed comparable leakage pressure to traditional sutures and stapling devices (p = .36).
- No bronchial leaks occurred at physiological pressure (<20 cmH₂O) in any group.
- Leakage at supraphysiologic pressure (20–80 cmH₂O) occurred in 90% of stapler, 80% of traditional, and 60% of barbed suture closures.
- Barbed sutures reduced ligation time significantly compared to traditional sutures (10.7 vs. 14.1 minutes, p < .01).
- Staplers remained fastest, with mean ligation time of 2.4 minutes.
- No knot failure or suture breakage was observed in barbed or traditional suture groups.
- Leakage in barbed sutures occurred mostly at the loop effector zone, but remained within acceptable limits.
- Barbed sutures may offer an effective alternative when staplers are unavailable, impractical, or cost-prohibitive.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of a knotless barbed suture for canine total lung lobectomy: An ex vivo study
2025-7-VS-you-2
In Pfund 2025 et al., on femoral cortical thickness, what was the key preoperative radiographic predictor of femoral fissure or fracture in dogs undergoing THR?
🔍 Key Findings
- Lower CTI values were significantly associated with higher risk of both intraoperative and postoperative femoral fractures or fissures (p <.0001).
- The mean CTI for all dogs was 0.285, whereas dogs with fissures/fractures had a mean CTI of 0.246.
- For each 0.001 increase in CTI, odds of fissure/fracture decreased by 2–3% depending on perioperative timing.
- High interobserver reliability (ICC = 0.984) and consistency between pre- and postoperative CTI measurements (ICC = 0.96).
- CTI was the only significant risk factor identified; age, breed, bodyweight, BCS, CFI, or luxoid hips were not significant.
- Prophylactic lateral plating in dogs with low CTI (mean 0.230) resulted in no postoperative fractures.
- Postoperative fractures occurred in 8% of cases, and 93% of dogs returned to full function within one year.
- CTI may be a useful radiographic screening tool, especially when advanced imaging (e.g., DEXA) is unavailable.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Femoral cortical thickness index in a population of dogs undergoing total hip replacement
2025-6-VS-pfund-1
In Bounds 2023 et al., on feline hip arthroscopy, which limb positioning provided optimal joint visualization?
🔍 Key Findings
- Feline hip arthroscopy using a supratrochanteric lateral portal was feasible in all cadaveric hips studied.
- All relevant intra-articular structures (femoral head, acetabulum, round ligament, joint capsule, transverse acetabular ligament, dorsal acetabular rim) were consistently visualized.
- Optimal limb positioning (neutral abduction, 90° extension) significantly aided joint distraction and visualization.
- Minor iatrogenic cartilage injury (ICI) occurred in all hips, typically partial-thickness abrasions; one hip had a full-thickness lesion.
- Portal placement did not damage the sciatic nerve or caudal gluteal artery, with a mean distance of 4.3 ± 2 mm between the cannula and nerve.
- Probe use improved visualization of the dorsal joint capsule and dorsal acetabular rim, though not essential.
- Joint evaluation was also successful in hips with DJD, suggesting technique feasibility even in diseased joints.
- Muscle trauma was minimal, with only mild impingement in a few specimens and no gross nerve or vessel injury.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2023
Feasibility of feline coxofemoral arthroscopy using a supratrochanteric lateral portal: A cadaveric study
2023-8-VS-bounds-1
In Case 2024 et al., on feline pancreatectomy, which anatomical region was resected in all cats?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Success rate: All 9 cats underwent successful laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy.
- Complications:
- 1 minor intraoperative hemorrhage (Grade 1)
- 1 sterile peritonitis (Grade 2) post-op, resolved conservatively
- Pancreatic function:
- fTLI decreased by 37% (p = .03), but stayed within normal limits
- fPLI and A1C were unchanged
- Resection details:
- Mean weight: 3.0 ± 1.4 g
- Mean surgical time: 59.7 ± 16.2 min
- Follow-up: 250–446 days — all cats remained clinically healthy
- Conclusion: Ultrasonic LPP is safe and effective in healthy cats, preserving endocrine/exocrine function
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy of the left limb using a harmonic scalpel in nine cats
2024-2-VS-case-5
In Miller 2025 et al., on spinal drill guide accuracy, how long did it take to apply each drilling guide during surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed, SOP plate-specific guides enabled safe screw placement from T12–L5 in canine cadavers and models.
- All 140 screw trajectories were classified as Zdichavski Grade 1, indicating optimal placement without vertebral canal breach.
- Screw angles (cranial-caudal and transverse) matched preoperative planning, with no significant deviation.
- Entry/exit point deviations were <1 mm on average, deemed clinically negligible.
- Drill guides were quick to place (<30 sec per vertebra) and improved ease of surgery.
- Plates acted as effective reduction tools, guiding alignment during screw placement in mobile spines.
- Minor technical challenges arose from cadaveric spine mobility, mitigated by sequential screw insertion.
- Technique may enable future use in fracture/luxation reduction, pending further cadaveric and clinical trials.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Development and testing of an animal-specific and string-of-pearls (SOP) plate specific, three-dimensionally (3D) printed drilling guide: A proof of concept study for canine thoracolumbar spinal stabilization
2025-6-VS-miller-4
In Walker 2022 et al., on TPLO mRUST scoring, which cortex was **excluded** from scoring due to plate obstruction?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO mRUST scoring showed improved inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.56) compared to subjective evaluation (Kappa = 0.33).
- Intra-rater reliability was similar for both methods (TPLO mRUST: 0.73, subjective: 0.72).
- TPLO mRUST scores ≥10/12 strongly correlated with radiographic union, as subjectively assessed (99% agreement).
- No significant difference in healing between first and second TPLO sides (P = .09), countering assumptions about load-bearing impact.
- Higher initial lameness scores and younger age were associated with higher TPLO mRUST scores, suggesting more robust healing in those groups.
- Postoperative complications were linked to lower TPLO mRUST scores, indicating impaired healing.
- Medial cortex was excluded from scoring due to plate obstruction, validating use of only 3 cortices for scoring.
- The TPLO mRUST system may standardize healing assessment, reducing subjective bias across specialties.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Evaluation of a modified radiographic union scale for tibial fractures scoring system in staged bilateral tibial plateau leveling osteotomy procedures and comparison of first and second side radiographic bone healing
2022-8-VS-walker-3
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Key Findings