Your Custom Quiz
In Moore 2023 et al., on Divisional outcomes in canine liver mass resection, what impact did TA stapler use have on surgical outcomes in liver mass resection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liver masses were most common in the left division (58%), followed by central (27%) and right (15%).
- Right divisional masses were significantly associated with intraoperative complications (33% vs 5.6% left, p = .0037), particularly hemorrhage and injury to major vessels.
- Mortality rate was 6.5% overall, with no significant association with liver lobe location.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 28.7% of cases, but were not significantly associated with mass location.
- Thoracic incision extension (sternotomy or diaphragmotomy) increased odds of postoperative complications by 9.1x (p < .001).
- Use of TA stapler significantly reduced both intraoperative (OR 19x lower) and postoperative complications (OR 4.4x lower) vs other methods.
- Specialist surgeons and heavier dogs had significantly fewer postoperative complications.
- Right lobectomies often required thoracic extension, indirectly linking them to increased postoperative morbidity.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Association between divisional location and short-term outcome of liver mass resection in 124 dogs
2023-4-VS-moore-3
In Kuvaldina 2023 et al., on axillary lymph node excision, what was the average surgical time to remove axillary lymph nodes using the minimally invasive technique in cadavers?
🔍 Key Findings
- Endoscopic excisional biopsy of axillary lymph nodes was successfully performed in cadavers and clinical dogs with minimal complications.
- The technique used a SILS port and CO₂ insufflation through a small incision between the latissimus dorsi and superficial pectorals.
- In 4 cadavers (6 limbs), mean time to remove axillary nodes was 33 minutes, and single nodes were found in 5/6 limbs.
- In 3 clinical dogs, the procedure was successful in 2 cases; 1 required conversion to open surgery due to difficulty manipulating the node.
- Accessory axillary nodes were successfully excised when present, located adherent to deep latissimus dorsi.
- No cases developed lymphedema, pneumothorax, or major complications postoperatively.
- Subjective benefits included better visualization, reduced dissection, and less postoperative morbidity than open techniques.
- Study suggests MIS lymphadenectomy may improve staging accuracy and reduce complications, though larger studies are needed.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Development of a minimally invasive endoscopic technique for excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph nodes in dogs
2023-6-VS-kuvaldina-2
In Simpson 2022 et al., on feline cholecystectomy outcomes, what was the reported perioperative mortality rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cholelithiasis was the most common indication for cholecystectomy in cats.
- Perioperative complications were frequent, with intraoperative hypotension in all recorded cases and postoperative anemia in 14 cats.
- Perioperative mortality was 21.7%, lower than historical rates for feline biliary surgery.
- 78.3% of cats survived to discharge, and 83.3% of those lived >6 months; 44.4% survived >3 years.
- Vomiting was the most common short- and long-term complication, though most cats were medically managed.
- Concurrent EHBDO was not a contraindication provided CBD patency was restored.
- Positive bacterial cultures were found in 15 cats, with E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis most common.
- Owner-reported outcomes were excellent in all cats that survived long-term.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2022
Cholecystectomy in 23 cats (2005‐2021)
2022-1-VS-simpson-2
In Rocheleau 2024 et al., on arthroscopic meniscal suturing, what was the overall complication rate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Arthroscopic meniscal suturing was performed in 43 client-owned dogs, involving 44 meniscal repairs (one dog was bilateral). All injuries involved the caudal horn of the medial meniscus and were associated with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) disease.
- All dogs underwent simultaneous TPLO, with some also receiving an internal brace (IB). Most repairs used simple vertical mattress sutures.
- The overall complication rate was 34.1% (15/44). Most complications were attributed to the TPLO/TPLO+IB and did not compromise the meniscal repair outcome.
- No median time to “acceptable” or “full” function was reported, but most dogs showed improvement in lameness and LOAD scores (p < .001), indicating good to excellent outcomes.
- Meniscal repair success rate was 88% (38/44), with TPLO + IB outperforming TPLO-only (93.3% vs 71.4%). Follow-up was performed at 8 weeks (40 dogs) and 6 months (16 dogs).
- Six failures occurred, all managed with arthroscopic meniscectomy, leading to normal activity in those dogs. Two IB-associated failures led to CrCL instability.
- The authors concluded the technique was safe, practical, and effective, with a reasonable complication rate.
- The findings support arthroscopic suturing as a feasible alternative to meniscectomy or meniscal release, offering long-term benefits for preserving the meniscus.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Short‐term outcomes of 43 dogs treated with arthroscopic suturing for meniscal tears
2024-5-VS-rocheleau-2
In Mazdarani 2022 et al., on CBLO and stifle biomechanics, when did cranial tibial translation (CTT) occur after CBLO **without** hamstring loading?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO reduced tibial plateau angle (TPA) from a mean of 28.1° to 9.7°, aligning with its goal of flattening the tibial slope.
- CBLO eliminated cranial tibial translation (CTT) following CCL transection and meniscal release at all angles except 140° without hamstring load.
- Hamstring loading (20% quadriceps load) significantly reduced or delayed the onset of CTT, improving stifle stability.
- Medial meniscus was confirmed as a secondary stabilizer; its release (MMR) caused more CTT than CCLx alone.
- PTA (patellar tendon angle) increased with joint extension; CBLO shifted the PTA curve lower and parallel to intact values, suggesting effective flexion of the joint.
- Combined CBLO and hamstring loading resulted in the most stable joints, especially from 50° to 135° joint angles.
- Residual CTT occurred in CBLO-only limbs at higher extension angles (e.g., 140°), but hamstring load mitigated this.
- Stifle stability post-CBLO is multifactorial, depending on joint angle, meniscal integrity, and hamstring activation.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Effect of center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy on ex vivo stifle joint stability following cranial cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscal release with and without a hamstring load
2022-6-VS-mazdarani-2
In Cantatore 2022 et al., on transanal submucosal resection, what was the major complication rate following surgery?
🔍 Key Findings
- Submucosal resection via a transanal approach was associated with a low rate (1.1%) of major complications and prolonged survival across benign and malignant rectal tumors.
- Overall recurrence rate was 21.5%, with higher recurrence in malignant tumors: 28.6% (carcinomas) and 30.4% (carcinoma in situ) vs. 13.6% (adenomas).
- Complications (P = .032) and incomplete margins (P = .023) were independently associated with increased recurrence risk.
- Recurrence was the only factor associated with increased risk of tumor-related death (P = .046).
- Repeat submucosal resection was successful in 60% of dogs with recurrence, indicating feasibility of this as a salvage approach.
- 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates for carcinomas were 95%, 89%, and 73%, though overall survival was significantly longer for benign tumors (P = .001).
- Preoperative diagnostics (FNA, biopsy) were often inconsistent with final histopathology – only 64.3% biopsy agreement.
- Presurgical imaging was not consistently performed, limiting accurate staging in many dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Submucosal resection via a transanal approach for treatment of epithelial rectal tumors – a multicenter study
2022-3-VS-cantatore-3
In Kershaw 2025 et al., on PSG vs AD, what was the most significant benefit of using a patient-specific guide (PSG) during transcondylar screw (TCS) placement in dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) significantly improved accuracy of drill hole entry (p < 0.001) and exit (p = 0.044) compared to commercial aiming devices (AD).
- Zero joint penetrations occurred with PSGs, whereas 3 of 7 AD-guided screws were predicted to penetrate the joint (p = 0.19).
- Variance in exit point and drill angle was significantly lower in PSG group, suggesting more consistent results.
- One PSG case failed due to improper guide seating, but this was corrected with improved soft tissue clearance.
- PSGs enabled safer trajectories despite use by novice surgeons, emphasizing their value in less experienced hands.
- Drill holes placed with ADs deviated more cranially and distally, increasing the risk of articular violation.
- Use of PSGs allowed for tighter clustering of drill trajectories, especially in the cranial–caudal axis.
- Subjective feedback favored PSGs for ease of use and ergonomic design, despite requiring slightly larger incisions.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
5
2025
Patient-specific Guides Improve the Accuracy and Safety of Transcondylar Screw Placement—A Cadaveric Study in the Canine Humerus
2025-5-VCOT-kershaw-1
In Mazdarani 2022 et al., on CBLO and stifle biomechanics, what was the effect of adding **hamstring loading (29 N)** in CCLx or MMR limbs?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO reduced tibial plateau angle (TPA) from a mean of 28.1° to 9.7°, aligning with its goal of flattening the tibial slope.
- CBLO eliminated cranial tibial translation (CTT) following CCL transection and meniscal release at all angles except 140° without hamstring load.
- Hamstring loading (20% quadriceps load) significantly reduced or delayed the onset of CTT, improving stifle stability.
- Medial meniscus was confirmed as a secondary stabilizer; its release (MMR) caused more CTT than CCLx alone.
- PTA (patellar tendon angle) increased with joint extension; CBLO shifted the PTA curve lower and parallel to intact values, suggesting effective flexion of the joint.
- Combined CBLO and hamstring loading resulted in the most stable joints, especially from 50° to 135° joint angles.
- Residual CTT occurred in CBLO-only limbs at higher extension angles (e.g., 140°), but hamstring load mitigated this.
- Stifle stability post-CBLO is multifactorial, depending on joint angle, meniscal integrity, and hamstring activation.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Effect of center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy on ex vivo stifle joint stability following cranial cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscal release with and without a hamstring load
2022-6-VS-mazdarani-3
In Dickerson 2023 et al., on surgical outcomes in hepatic abscessation, what was the most commonly identified bacterial isolate?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liver lobectomy was the most common treatment (27/36 dogs), with multiple lobes removed in ~1/3 of cases.
- Septic peritonitis was present in 21/23 sampled dogs, making it a frequent complication.
- Perioperative complications occurred in 21/36 dogs, including aspiration pneumonia, pancreatitis, and acute kidney injury.
- Intraoperative hypotension was common (32/36), often requiring vasopressors or colloids.
- Mortality prior to discharge was 21% (8/38), with deaths related to sepsis, aspiration pneumonia, and multi-organ dysfunction.
- Median survival time was 638 days in dogs surviving to discharge.
- No recurrence of hepatic abscessation was observed in the surviving population.
- E. coli and Clostridium spp. were the most commonly cultured organisms, often as single-agent infections.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Outcome in 38 dogs surgically treated for hepatic abscessation
2023-1-VS-dickerson-2
In Dalton 2023 et al., on acetabular fracture repair, what was a key advantage of using locking screws in the plate application?
🔍 Key Findings
- Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures using precontoured plates on 3D-printed models is feasible and technically reproducible in dogs.
- All cadavers had fracture gaps <2 mm and step defects <1 mm, indicating accurate reduction.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal or absent in all cases, supporting potential neuroprotection from indirect approaches.
- Pelvic angulation was maintained <5°, confirming preservation of alignment post-reduction.
- Surgical time averaged ~46 minutes in cadavers for both approaches and repair.
- Clinical case showed good radiographic healing by 8 weeks and full union by 3 months, with early weight-bearing post-op.
- Use of locking screws improved reduction fidelity, particularly across a broad plate span.
- 3D printing accelerated surgical planning, though its necessity remains debated due to the availability and cost concerns.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-6-VS-dalton-5
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