Your Custom Quiz
In Planchamp 2022 et al., on imaging-based AAI diagnosis, what cranial translation ratio (CTR) cutoff identified potentially unstable dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ventral Compression Index (VCI) ≥0.16 (extension) or ≥0.2 (flexion) was diagnostic for AAI with 100% sensitivity and >94% specificity
- VCI had the highest diagnostic accuracy among all measured variables (AUC > 0.99)
- C1-C2 overlap ≤2.7 mm (extension) or ≤1.8 mm (flexion) also diagnostic for AAI (sensitivity 84–96%, specificity 81–90%)
- C1-C2 angle ≥176.9° (extension) or ≥187.4° (flexion) had high sensitivity and specificity (~95%)
- Basion-dens interval ≥5.9 mm (extension) or ≥3.0 mm (flexion) provided moderate diagnostic accuracy
- Cranial translation ratio (CTR) ≥0.18 classified dogs as potentially unstable (sensitivity 90%, specificity 78%)
- VCI ≥0.23 reliably differentiated AAI from potentially unstable cases (sensitivity 94%, specificity 94%)
- DALR ≤0.24 had high specificity (100%) but low sensitivity for AAI diagnosis
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small-breed dogs
2022-4-VS-planchamp-4
In Redolfi 2024 et al., which complication was **not** observed in the TPLO-TTT cohort?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Study of 24 stifles in 22 dogs with concurrent CCLR and grade III–IV MPL treated via TPLO-TTT
- Major complications: 4/24 (3 surgical site infections, 1 MPL reluxation); minor complications: 5/24
- Long-term follow-up (median 27 months): 21/22 dogs sound, 23/24 stifles resolved
- Patellar ligament thickening observed post-op in 4 cases, resolved with rehab
- The only case of MPL reluxation involved untreated tibial torsion, suggesting case selection is critical
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2024
Complications and Long-Term Outcomes after Combined Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy and Tibial Tuberosity Transposition for Treatment of Concurrent Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture and Grade III or IV Medial Patellar Luxation
2024-1-VCOT-redolfi-3
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, what procedural outcome showed the largest percent reduction with 3DPCs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Customized 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs) significantly reduced surgical time in feline cadaver models (125.6 vs. 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
- Use of 3DPCs resulted in a reduction in instrument collisions (6.8 vs. 2.6, p = 0.03).
- Cannula pullout complications decreased with 3DPCs (10 vs. 2.2 per procedure, p = 0.03).
- 3DPCs were designed at shorter lengths (3 cm), improving intra-abdominal working space in cats.
- No incisional or postoperative complications occurred in the two live feline cases.
- One 3DPC insufflation port broke intraoperatively; resolved by using a male luer lock connector in the next case.
- CO₂ leakage occurred from re-used silicone valves in 2 ports; emphasizing the need for durable valve design.
- Estimated cost per 3DPC was <$5.00, suggesting cost-effective customization for feline laparoscopy.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
2023-7-VS-buote-5
In Boullenger 2025 et al., on traumatic patellar luxation, what was the total proportion of cases experiencing severe complications?
🔍 Key Findings
- Patients: 16 (11 dogs, 5 cats); 6.1% of canine and 23.8% of feline PL cases were traumatic.
- Most common luxation direction: Medial (81.3%).
- Surgery: All had capsular imbrication; 75% had fabello-patellar suture (FPS).
- Short-term results (13/16 cases):
- 77% had no lameness by 2 months.
- 85% had no PL recurrence.
- 3 severe complications: capsulorrhaphy tear, FPS fabellar tear, septic arthritis.
- Long-term results (13/16 cases):
- 85% lameness-free.
- 77% full function; 23% acceptable.
- 0 reluxations reported by owners.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
1
2025
Clinical Presentation, Surgical Treatment, and Outcome of Traumatic Patellar Luxation in 11 Dogs and 5 Cats: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study between 2011 and 2022
2025-1-VC-boullenger-4
In Mazdarani 2022 et al., on CBLO and stifle biomechanics, what was the **mean postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA)** achieved after CORA-based leveling osteotomy (CBLO)?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO reduced tibial plateau angle (TPA) from a mean of 28.1° to 9.7°, aligning with its goal of flattening the tibial slope.
- CBLO eliminated cranial tibial translation (CTT) following CCL transection and meniscal release at all angles except 140° without hamstring load.
- Hamstring loading (20% quadriceps load) significantly reduced or delayed the onset of CTT, improving stifle stability.
- Medial meniscus was confirmed as a secondary stabilizer; its release (MMR) caused more CTT than CCLx alone.
- PTA (patellar tendon angle) increased with joint extension; CBLO shifted the PTA curve lower and parallel to intact values, suggesting effective flexion of the joint.
- Combined CBLO and hamstring loading resulted in the most stable joints, especially from 50° to 135° joint angles.
- Residual CTT occurred in CBLO-only limbs at higher extension angles (e.g., 140°), but hamstring load mitigated this.
- Stifle stability post-CBLO is multifactorial, depending on joint angle, meniscal integrity, and hamstring activation.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2022
Effect of center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy on ex vivo stifle joint stability following cranial cruciate ligament transection and medial meniscal release with and without a hamstring load
2022-6-VS-mazdarani-1
In Anderson 2025 et al., on wound drain configurations, which anatomical location had the highest consistency in fluid retrieval?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
- Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
- Fluid Retrieval:
- No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
- Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
- Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
- Surface Area Coverage:
- Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
- Perpendicular was lowest.
- Leakage:
- No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
- Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
- Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Application and influence of four drain configurations on fluid dispersal and retrieval in a cadaveric canine wound infusion-retrieval system model
2025-2-VS-anderson2-4
In Dalton 2023 et al., In Minimally invasive acetabular fracture repair in dogs, what was the primary purpose of using mirrored 3D-printed hemipelves in this study?
🔍 Key Findings
- Feasibility study in 5 canine cadavers plus 1 clinical case (Chihuahua, 5.5 kg).
- Technique used two small approaches (caudal and craniolateral) connected with an epiperiosteal tunnel.
- Plates were precontoured on mirrored 3D-printed hemipelves to improve fit and reduce intraoperative bending.
- Cadaver outcomes: fracture gap <2 mm, step defect <1 mm, pelvic angulation <5°.
- Sciatic nerve injury was minimal: 1/5 cadavers had a mild indentation; others had no gross injury.
- Median total surgical time: ~46 minutes in cadavers; incisions ~5 cm.
- Clinical Chihuahua case: weight-bearing within 24 hrs, radiographic union at 3 months; one screw fractured but no adverse effect.
- Authors conclude: MIAF with 3D printing is feasible and accurate, but requires further evaluation before routine use.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2023
Minimally invasive repair of acetabular fractures in dogs: Ex vivo feasibility study and case report
2023-7-VS-dalton-1
In Adams 2024 et al., on canine tibial plateau fractures, what was the long-term functional outcome for the two cases that completed LOAD questionnaires?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are rare in dogs, but can be surgically stabilized with good outcomes even in complex trauma cases.
- Lateral TPFs (Unger type 41-B1) were approached via caudolateral arthrotomy, with elevation of the lateral meniscus for visualization and use of lag screws and K-wires for fixation.
- Medial TPF (Unger type 41-B2) was addressed via medial parapatellar approach using K-wires and a figure-of-eight tension band.
- One minor complication occurred: implant yield at 2 weeks in a case with a concurrent fibular fracture, resulting in a 0.8 mm step defect.
- No major complications were recorded, and all dogs achieved clinical union with full function by 8–10 weeks.
- Long-term owner-reported outcomes (LOAD scores) were excellent (5/52), indicating minimal osteoarthritis or chronic pain.
- Concurrent fibular fractures may increase risk of implant failure and should influence implant selection (e.g., considering buttress plating).
- Arthroscopic-assisted techniques may be applicable in select cases, but open reduction was preferred due to fragment displacement or concurrent injuries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Prospective evaluation of the surgical stabilization and outcome of canine tibial plateau fractures in three cases
2024-6-VS-adams-4
In Cherzan 2023 et al., on subcutaneous mast cell tumors, what impact did incomplete surgical margins (<1 mm) have on recurrence rates of subcutaneous mast cell tumors?
🔍 Key Findings
- Local recurrence occurred in 17.8% of dogs, and was associated with significantly decreased survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .0038).
- Lymph node metastasis occurred in 26.7% of dogs and was significantly associated with shorter disease-free interval (194 vs not reached, p = .0012) and lower survival (551 vs 1722 days, p = .043).
- Mitotic index >7 was significantly associated with higher recurrence (80% vs 22.5%, p = .02), shorter DFI (139 vs not reached days, p < .001), and shorter survival (247 vs 1722 days, p = .05).
- Infiltrative growth pattern was associated with shorter DFI (268 vs 1864 days, p = .011), but not with survival or recurrence.
- Incomplete margins (≤1 mm) were not significantly associated with recurrence (p = .085), but did correlate with shorter DFI (p = .043).
- Chemotherapy or radiation therapy was associated with shorter DFI and survival, likely due to selection bias for more aggressive disease.
- Tumor size >3 cm was associated with decreased survival (p = .031), but not with recurrence or DFI.
- Multinucleation and necrosis were not associated with prognosis outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Factors affecting prognosis in canine subcutaneous mast cell tumors: 45 cases
2023-4-VS-cherzan-4
In Von Pfeil 2024 et al., on acute ulnar shortening in dogs, what was the most common clinical outcome?
🔍 Key Findings
- All dogs (11/11) showed improved radiohumeral articulation postoperatively, confirmed arthroscopically.
- Median shortening: radioulnar (3.2 mm), humeroradial (1.8 mm), humeroulnar (1.2 mm).
- Median lameness score improved from 2/4 to 1/4 by final follow-up.
- Bone healing achieved in a median of 8 weeks (range: 4–14 weeks).
- No major complications; minor issues included 1 screw loosening and 1 superficial infection.
- Subjective function was graded full in 4 dogs, acceptable in 7.
- Arthroscopy enabled accurate dynamic joint assessment, preferred over static radiographs.
- Use of both orthopedic wire and plating provided secure fixation and improved outcomes.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Outcomes of 11 dogs with short radius syndrome treated with acute arthroscopically assisted ulnar shortening
2024-3-VS-pfeil-3
Quiz Results
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Key Findings