Your Custom Quiz
In Schuenemann 2025 et al., on biceps tenodesis, what was the functional outcome in all dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Case series of 6 shoulders in 5 working/sporting dogs. Conditions treated: 3 partial biceps ruptures, 3 luxations with fraying.
- All treated with biceps tenodesis using a bioabsorbable anchor (Weldix 2.3 mm).
- All dogs returned to function (some to high-level sports); lameness resolved within 1–5 weeks.
- No implant-related complications with anchor-only cases. One dog had seroma and later infection but recovered.
- Tendon clamp (used in 2 cases) caused irritation in one dog → resolved after removal.
- CT follow-up confirmed integrity; drill holes filled with bone.
- Median LOAD score: 12; higher in older dogs or with concurrent conditions.
- Authors suggest tenodesis offers more stability and faster return to function than tenotomy in working dogs.
- Larger, controlled studies are recommended.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Biceps tenodesis with a bioabsorbable bone anchor using BoneWelding technology: Results in six clinical cases (5 dogs)
2025-4-VS-schuenemann-2
In Nagahiro 2023 et al., on quadriceps-femoral mismatch, what was the reference value for normal QML/FL derived from healthy beagles?
🔍 Key Findings
- Quadriceps muscle length/femoral length ratio (QML/FL) was significantly lower in dogs with grade IV MPL than grades I–III (p ≤ .002).
- Shortened QML was associated with increased femoral torsion angle (FTA) and increased aLDFA, indicating correlation with femoral deformity.
- QML/FL increased with age, possibly due to muscular development or reduced deformity in older dogs (p = .004).
- Grade IV MPL dogs had QML/FL < 0.87, the lower normal limit based on healthy beagles, suggesting clinically significant muscle shortening.
- PLL/PL ratio (used to diagnose patella alta) was not associated with QML/FL or MPL severity in small breeds.
- QML/FL can help preoperatively identify candidates for femoral shortening ostectomy, improving femoropatellar alignment.
- Multivariate regression model confirmed QML/FL is independently influenced by age, FTA, and aLDFA (R² = 0.45).
- CT-based 3D measurements enabled objective, noninvasive quantification of femoral and muscle alignment parameters.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2023
Evaluation of the quadriceps muscle length to femoral length ratio in small breed dogs with medial patellar luxation
2023-4-VS-nagahiro-5
In Peycke 2022 et al., on CBLO in immature dogs, what was the **mean time to radiographic union** of the CBLO osteotomy?
🔍 Key Findings
- CBLO was effective for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs with CrCL injuries, avoiding disruption of proximal tibial growth plates.
- Radiographic union of the osteotomy occurred in a mean of 6 weeks (range: 4–8 weeks), indicating rapid bone healing.
- Full limb function was restored in all cases by long-term follow-up (mean 23 months), including dogs with initial complications.
- Two dogs developed 19° valgus deformities due to screw interference with the proximal tibial physis; both were corrected surgically with return to function.
- One dog developed 10° recurvatum due to over-rotation of the tibial plateau, but retained full function without revision.
- CCS (countersink compression screw) caused early apophyseal closure in older dogs but had no adverse clinical effects.
- In contrast, K-wire or plate-only fixation preserved open apophysis, suggesting implant choice may influence growth.
- No meniscal injuries were observed, and all CrCL injuries were managed arthroscopically — 6 complete, 6 partial, 4 avulsions.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Center of rotation of angulation-based leveling osteotomy for stifle stabilization in skeletally immature dogs
2022-3-VS-peycke-3
In Dickson 2024 et al., on VATS for feline chylothorax, what was the most common postoperative complication?
🔍 Key Findings
- Objective: To evaluate outcomes and complications of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for idiopathic chylothorax in 15 cats.
- All 15 cats underwent thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation (TDL); 13 also had simultaneous pericardectomy, 2 had VATS TDL + laparoscopic cisterna chyli ablation (CCA), and 1 cat had an open CCA.
- Median surgical time was 152.5 minutes (range 60–255).
- Contrast was used intraoperatively in 13 cats; 11 received methylene blue, and 2 received indocyanine green (ICG).
- One intraoperative complication (6%) occurred — a minor intercostal artery laceration. Conversion to open surgery occurred in 3 cases (20%) due to visualization issues or bleeding.
- Postoperative complications occurred in 8 cats (53%), with persistent pleural effusion in 5 cats (33%) being the most common.
- Mortality was high: 4 cats (27%) died or were euthanized before discharge. Only 7 of 11 cats discharged had resolution of effusion, and recurrence occurred in 1.
- Authors concluded that while VATS is technically feasible in cats, it did not improve clinical outcomes compared to open surgery, and feline idiopathic chylothorax continues to have a high mortality rate.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Outcome of video-assisted thoracoscopic treatment of idiopathic chylothorax in 15 cats
2024-5-VS-dickson-1
In Schuenemann 2025 et al., on biceps tenodesis, which complication occurred with the use of the tendon clamp?
🔍 Key Findings
- Case series of 6 shoulders in 5 working/sporting dogs. Conditions treated: 3 partial biceps ruptures, 3 luxations with fraying.
- All treated with biceps tenodesis using a bioabsorbable anchor (Weldix 2.3 mm).
- All dogs returned to function (some to high-level sports); lameness resolved within 1–5 weeks.
- No implant-related complications with anchor-only cases. One dog had seroma and later infection but recovered.
- Tendon clamp (used in 2 cases) caused irritation in one dog → resolved after removal.
- CT follow-up confirmed integrity; drill holes filled with bone.
- Median LOAD score: 12; higher in older dogs or with concurrent conditions.
- Authors suggest tenodesis offers more stability and faster return to function than tenotomy in working dogs.
- Larger, controlled studies are recommended.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Biceps tenodesis with a bioabsorbable bone anchor using BoneWelding technology: Results in six clinical cases (5 dogs)
2025-4-VS-schuenemann-3
In Petazzoni 2022 et al., on DPO in older dogs, what was the primary clinical outcome 8 weeks postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- DPO improved joint congruity and clinical signs in dogs ≥10 months old with minimal osteoarthritis.
- Median Norberg angle increased by 21.8% 1 year postoperatively (from 87° to 106°; p < .01).
- Femoral head coverage increased significantly, with PC rising 66.7% and LHC by 162.5% at 1 year (p < .01).
- No significant change in pelvic canal width postoperatively, suggesting pelvic conformation was preserved.
- All ilial osteotomies healed with complete osseous bridging by 8 weeks; 7/11 pubic osteotomies achieved full healing.
- No intraoperative or postoperative complications were reported, including implant failure.
- Locking plates and additional ventral plating were used in select cases and may have contributed to implant stability.
- DPO may be extended to older dogs with suitable hip morphology and minimal OA, expanding traditional age criteria.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Clinical outcomes of double pelvic osteotomies in eight dogs with hip dysplasia aged 10–28 months
2022-2-VS-petazzoni-5
In Walker 2022 et al., on TPLO mRUST scoring, which metric demonstrated the highest inter-rater reliability?
🔍 Key Findings
- TPLO mRUST scoring showed improved inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.56) compared to subjective evaluation (Kappa = 0.33).
- Intra-rater reliability was similar for both methods (TPLO mRUST: 0.73, subjective: 0.72).
- TPLO mRUST scores ≥10/12 strongly correlated with radiographic union, as subjectively assessed (99% agreement).
- No significant difference in healing between first and second TPLO sides (P = .09), countering assumptions about load-bearing impact.
- Higher initial lameness scores and younger age were associated with higher TPLO mRUST scores, suggesting more robust healing in those groups.
- Postoperative complications were linked to lower TPLO mRUST scores, indicating impaired healing.
- Medial cortex was excluded from scoring due to plate obstruction, validating use of only 3 cortices for scoring.
- The TPLO mRUST system may standardize healing assessment, reducing subjective bias across specialties.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Evaluation of a modified radiographic union scale for tibial fractures scoring system in staged bilateral tibial plateau leveling osteotomy procedures and comparison of first and second side radiographic bone healing
2022-8-VS-walker-1
In Sabol 2024 et al., what critical structure was sometimes <1 mm from the pedicle trajectory in large dogs?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Evaluated ideal dorsolateral implant trajectories in T1–T13 using CT in 30 dogs across five weight classes.
- Corridor widths were narrowest in the mid-thoracic vertebrae (as little as 1.8 mm) and increased cranially and caudally.
- Allowable deviation angles (ADA) were often very small (as little as 3°), indicating high risk for canal or thoracic structure breach.
- Distances to critical structures (lungs, aorta, subclavian artery, azygos vein) were often <1 mm, even in large dogs.
- Data suggest extreme caution and precision are needed for thoracic vertebral implant placement and support use of navigation or 3D-printed guides.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Implantation Corridors in Canine Thoracic Vertebrae: A Morphometric Study in Dogs of Varying Sizes
2024-2-VCOT-sabol-3
In Nicetto 2024 et al., how many dogs experienced full functional recovery following TRP implantation?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 48 dogs (60 stifles) underwent custom 3D-printed TRP implantation for patellar luxation
- 24 treated with TRP alone; 36 with additional procedures (e.g., DFO, TTT)
- Success rate: 59/60 corrected patellar tracking
- Functional outcome: 57/60 full function, 2 acceptable, 1 unacceptable
- Complication rate: 3 total (2 minor, 1 major recurrence)
- TRP spares cartilage unlike trochleoplasty, offering implant-based ridge augmentation
- No implant loosening or infection observed
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Trochlear Ridge Prostheses for Reshaping Femoral Trochlear Ridges in Dogs with Patellar Luxation
2024-2-VCOT-nicetto-5
In Knudsen 2024 et al., on CTA diagnosis, what was the observed **negative likelihood ratio (NLR)** of CTA for meniscal lesion detection in second readings?
🔍 Key Findings
- Multidetector CTA had high sensitivity (up to 100%) and specificity (up to 96%) for detecting medial meniscal tears in dogs.
- Observer experience significantly influenced diagnostic accuracy, with more experienced observers showing higher agreement and better performance.
- Training effect was evident, as less experienced observers improved between first and second readings.
- Positive likelihood ratios ≥4.6 and negative likelihood ratios ≤0.08 were observed, suggesting CTA is clinically useful for confirming or ruling out meniscal injury.
- CTA allowed identification of full and partial thickness lesions, with good visualization in sagittal, transverse, and frontal reconstructions.
- Approximately 90% of menisci were correctly classified in second readings.
- No adverse reactions were noted from the contrast injection; sedation was used instead of general anesthesia.
- CTA was less invasive and potentially more cost-effective compared to arthroscopy, especially in settings without MRI access.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Diagnosis of medial meniscal lesions in the canine stifle using multidetector computed tomographic positive-contrast arthrography
2024-8-VS-knudsen-4
Quiz Results
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Key Findings