Your Custom Quiz
In Lomas 2025 et al., on hybrid THR in cats, what technique was used intraoperatively to correct medial patellar luxation seen after implant reduction?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hybrid THR in cats showed no major complications across 17 hips in 15 cats, including 2 bilateral cases.
- Postoperative radiographs confirmed stable implant positioning with no loosening, migration, or dislocation in follow-up imaging.
- Mean owner satisfaction was high, with a mean short-form feline musculoskeletal pain index (sf-FMPI) score of 2/36 at a mean follow-up of 438 days.
- SCFE (slipped capital femoral epiphysis) was the most common indication, seen in 13/17 hips.
- Partial tenotomy of rectus femoris origin resolved intraoperative medial patella luxation in 3 cases—no cats required surgical correction later.
- A micro BFX cup allowed for increased acetabular offset, possibly reducing luxation risk even when using a +0 femoral head offset.
- Hybrid THR was successfully used as a revision for failed CFX THR due to recurrent luxation—implants remained stable post-revision.
- Use of oversized cups (12 mm) with shallow seating or medial breach still resulted in stable outcomes, suggesting good implant fixation even with reduced bone stock.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2025
Medium‐term outcomes of hybrid total hip arthroplasty in cats: Cemented femoral stem and cementless acetabular cup in 17 hips (2020–2023)
2025-6-VS-lomas-2
In Hildebrandt 2023 et al., on Buccal Transposition Flap for Maxillary Lip Reconstruction in Dogs, what was the reported cosmetic and functional outcome of the buccal flap in all 5 dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Buccal transposition flap provided successful closure of large maxillary lip defects in all 5 dogs
- All flaps survived, with 3 dogs experiencing minor complications (e.g., fistulas, dehiscence) that resolved
- Flap vascularization originated from the angularis oris and superior labial arteries, as confirmed via CT angiography
- Excellent cosmetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all cases
- Ex vivo cadaver study validated flap perfusion, showing consistent contrast filling of key arteries
- Oronasal fistulas occurred in 2 dogs at the palatal incision site, likely due to contact with the mandibular canine tooth
- Mandibular canine coronectomy was performed in 2/5 dogs to prevent flap trauma
- Flap design and commissure positioning were customizable, aiding tension relief and improving outcomes
Veterinary Surgery
2
2023
Buccal transposition flap for closure of maxillary lip defects in 5 dogs
2023-2-VS-hildebrandt-5
In Price 2024 et al., on left-sided TD ligation in dogs, what anatomical advantage was associated with the left fourth intercostal approach?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left fourth intercostal thoracotomy allowed successful thoracic duct (TD) ligation in 9/10 canine cadavers.
- 10/13 clinical cases had a single TD branch at the left fourth intercostal space, indicating lower anatomical complexity.
- All TD branches at this site were lateral to the esophagus, simplifying surgical access.
- Unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy was successfully performed via the same incision in 10/10 cadavers.
- Fewer TD branches at the fourth intercostal space than traditional caudal sites may reduce the risk of missed collaterals.
- In contrast, traditional caudal TD ligation sites had up to 5 branches, requiring broader dissection.
- No cadaver had right-sided TD branches, reducing surgical complexity at the studied location.
- Contrast-confirmed ligation was effective in 90% (9/10) cadavers on CT imaging.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Evaluation of thoracic duct ligation and unilateral subphrenic pericardiectomy via a left fourth intercostal approach in normal canine cadavers
2024-3-VS-price-3
In Shetler 2022 et al., on radial head OCD, which of the following was reported at the 5-month postoperative follow-up?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bilateral radial head OCD lesions were identified in a 6-month-old English Bulldog with elbow lameness.
- Medial arthroscopic portals allowed only partial visualization of radial head lesions, insufficient for treatment.
- Lateral arthroscopy portals provided excellent access for fragment removal and abrasion arthroplasty.
- Histopathology confirmed OCD, showing cartilage degeneration and retained cartilaginous cores.
- Dog showed complete resolution of lameness and no elbow pain at 5 months post-op.
- Lesions were caudolateral on the radial head, with discoid elevation of cartilage and clefts.
- Lateral approach avoids major neurovascular structures, reducing iatrogenic risk.
- The authors suggest lateral elbow arthroscopy may have broader indications, including for medial compartment disease or synovial biopsies.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
The use of lateral arthroscopy portals for the management of bilateral osteochondritis dissecans of the radial head in an English bulldog
2022-8-VS-shetler-5
In Burton 2025 et al., on antebrachial conformation, which angle was significantly increased in dogs with HIF?
🔍 Key Findings
- PRUDA (proximal radio-ulnar divergence angle) and UCORA (ulnar center of rotation of angulation) were significantly greater in Cocker Spaniels with HIF vs those without.
- PRUDA (p < .001): Group 1 (HIF) vs Group 2 & 3.
- UCORA (p = .036): Group 1 vs Group 3.
- Other angles (MPRA, LDRA, PCRA, DCRA, torsion) showed no significant differences.
- Increased PRUDA and UCORA may lead to divergent load vectors across the humeral condyle, potentially predisposing to stress fracture (HIF).
- Measurement techniques using CT-based 3D reconstructions were reliable (intraobserver ICC > 0.84).
Veterinary Surgery
4
2025
Antebrachial conformation in Cocker Spaniels with and without humeral intracondylar fissure
2025-4-VS-burton-1
In Evers 2022 et al., on bone-to-tendon plate fixation, what was the primary reason for anchoring the plate to the tendon instead of the bone?
🔍 Key Findings
- Bone-to-tendon plate fixation allowed successful stabilization of a highly comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog with fragments too small for traditional fixation.
- The plate was sutured to the common calcaneal tendon using a figure-of-8 pattern, bypassing the need for screw fixation into small proximal fragments.
- Radiographic union was achieved by 17 weeks, though considered delayed, with the dog returning to normal function by 36 weeks post-op.
- A second surgery was required to replace the tendon-anchored plate with a calcaneus-only plate due to skin ulceration and implant prominence.
- Implant-associated infection was suspected; cultures confirmed Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, managed with doxycycline and clindamycin.
- Use of human placental matrix (hPM) and both autogenous and allogenic bone grafts supported healing, though their specific contribution remains uncertain.
- Postoperative complications included delayed union and skin ulceration, emphasizing challenges of implant design and soft tissue management.
- This is the first report of using a bone-to-tendon plate for a calcaneus fracture in dogs and demonstrates its potential in cases where traditional methods are not viable.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Use of a bone‐to‐tendon plate to stabilize a comminuted calcaneus fracture in a dog
2022-5-VS-evers-1
In Trefny 2025 et al., on plate length and stiffness, which biomechanical testing method was used to measure stiffness and strain?
🔍 Key Findings
- 12-hole LCPs (80% plate–bone ratio) showed significantly higher construct stiffness than 6-, 8-, or 10-hole plates in both compression and tension bending.
- Strain on the plate was significantly lower in 12-hole vs 6-hole plates at all regions of interest (ROIs), especially around the fracture gap.
- No incremental increases in stiffness or decreases in strain were observed between 6-, 8-, and 10-hole plates—only when comparing to 12-hole plates.
- Bone model strain adjacent to the plate end was significantly lower for 10- and 12-hole plates vs 6-hole plates under both loading conditions.
- The threshold effect suggests biomechanical benefits only emerge beyond a plate–bone ratio of ~80%.
- Working length increased from 9.4 mm (6-hole) to 13 mm (others), potentially influencing strain/stiffness differences.
- Four-point bending was used, as it replicates the most biomechanically relevant force on plated long bones.
- Clinical implication: Longer plates may reduce plate strain and peri-implant bone strain, potentially lowering risk of fatigue failure or stress risers.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
Effect of Plate Length on Construct Stiffness and Strain in a Synthetic Short-Fragment Fracture Gap Model Stabilized with a 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
2025-2-VCOT-trefny-4
In Story 2024 et al., on surgical correction of excessive tibial plateau angle (eTPA), what was a key rationale for using neutral wedge osteotomies like PTNWO and mCCWO in dogs with eTPA?
🔍 Key Findings
- All four techniques achieved TPA <14°, meeting the threshold for acceptable surgical correction in eTPA cases.
- Group A (CBLO + CCWO) and Group D (PTNWO) showed highest accuracy in achieving target TPA values.
- Group B (TPLO + CCWO) resulted in significant tibial shortening compared to other techniques.
- Group A caused the greatest cranial mechanical axis shift, while Group B caused the least.
- Group C (mCCWO) resulted in consistent under-correction of TPA, despite aiming for 0°.
- Modified or neutral wedge osteotomies (Groups C and D) had minimal effect on tibial length, making them suitable when preservation is important.
- All techniques involved mechanical axis shifts, highlighting the importance of preoperative planning to minimize morphologic disruption.
- Supplemental fixation was standard for all procedures to reduce risks such as tibial tuberosity fracture and plateau leveling loss.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2024
Morphologic impact of four surgical techniques to correct excessive tibial plateau angle in dogs: A theoretical radiographic analysis
2024-8-VS-story-5
In Williams 2024 et al., on local anesthetic protocol, what was the standard volume used per side for the maxillary nerve block?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial
- Population: 32 brachycephalic dogs undergoing cut-and-sew sharp staphylectomy
- Groups: Adrenaline + lidocaine (Group A) vs. Lidocaine only (Group NA)
- Main Findings:
- Total hemorrhage significantly lower in Group A (median 1.82 g) vs Group NA (7.95 g); p = .013
- Normalized hemorrhage significantly lower in Group A; p = .021
- Surgeon-assigned hemorrhage scores significantly lower in Group A; p = .029
- No adverse effects (tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmia, etc.) noted from adrenaline use
- Breed effect: English Bulldogs bled more overall even after normalization
- Clinical Implication: Adrenaline in nerve blocks reduces hemorrhage without added risk
Veterinary Surgery
1
2024
Evaluation of the addition of adrenaline in a bilateral maxillary nerve block to reduce hemorrhage in dogs undergoing sharp staphylectomy for brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. A prospective, randomized study
2024-1-VS-williams-5
In Adams 2024 et al., on canine tibial plateau fractures, what surgical construct was used for the medial TPF in Case 3?
🔍 Key Findings
- Tibial plateau fractures (TPF) are rare in dogs, but can be surgically stabilized with good outcomes even in complex trauma cases.
- Lateral TPFs (Unger type 41-B1) were approached via caudolateral arthrotomy, with elevation of the lateral meniscus for visualization and use of lag screws and K-wires for fixation.
- Medial TPF (Unger type 41-B2) was addressed via medial parapatellar approach using K-wires and a figure-of-eight tension band.
- One minor complication occurred: implant yield at 2 weeks in a case with a concurrent fibular fracture, resulting in a 0.8 mm step defect.
- No major complications were recorded, and all dogs achieved clinical union with full function by 8–10 weeks.
- Long-term owner-reported outcomes (LOAD scores) were excellent (5/52), indicating minimal osteoarthritis or chronic pain.
- Concurrent fibular fractures may increase risk of implant failure and should influence implant selection (e.g., considering buttress plating).
- Arthroscopic-assisted techniques may be applicable in select cases, but open reduction was preferred due to fragment displacement or concurrent injuries.
Veterinary Surgery
6
2024
Prospective evaluation of the surgical stabilization and outcome of canine tibial plateau fractures in three cases
2024-6-VS-adams-1
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings