🔍 Key Findings

• Extreme brachycephalic breeds (EBBs) presented more acutely and at younger ages, most often with neurological signs compared to other breeds.
• Preoperative signs such as facial nerve paresis, vestibular syndrome, and Horner’s syndrome were significantly more common in EBBs.
• EBBs showed more severe imaging findings, including higher rates of otitis interna (46.3% vs. 8.5%) and brainstem changes (17.5% vs. 3%).
• Intraoperative complications were more frequent in EBBs (11.1% vs. 5.3%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = .078).
• Perioperative complication rates did not differ significantly between EBBs and other breeds (23.5% vs. 29.3%).
• Surgical time was significantly longer in EBBs (median 115 vs. 95 minutes; p = .011).
• MRI or combined CT/MRI were more frequently used in EBBs, likely due to the higher prevalence of neurological signs.
• Despite anatomical challenges, complication rates in EBBs were comparable, supporting TECA-LBO safety in these breeds.

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D laparoscopy significantly reduced time to first endoclip placement compared to 2D (median 76 vs. 238 seconds, p = .016).
• Total surgical time was not significantly different between 3D and 2D groups.
• No differences were observed in intraoperative complications such as cystic duct injury, clip dislodgment, or gallbladder perforation.
• Cystic duct stump length was comparable between groups (median 2.5 mm).
• Liver parenchyma attachment severity did not differ significantly between 2D and 3D groups.
• All procedures were performed by an experienced surgeon, potentially reducing the benefit seen with 3D visualization.
• No conversions to open surgery occurred, and no intraoperative complications were reported.
• The study suggests 3D laparoscopy may aid less experienced surgeons due to enhanced depth perception.

🔍 Key Findings

• Oversewing the transverse staple line using barbed suture showed no difference in initial (ILP) or maximum leakage pressure (MLP) compared to monofilament suture (p = .439 and .644).
• Barbed suture repairs were ~18% faster (25 seconds faster; p < .001) than monofilament suture.
• No difference was found between unidirectional and bidirectional barbed sutures in leakage resistance or repair time (p = .697).
• Mean ILP and MLP were significantly higher in control jejunal segments (6.6x and 5.1x greater respectively; p < .001).
• Leakage consistently occurred at the crotch of the FEESA in all oversew groups (>80%), not the staple line.
• All oversewn techniques leaked at supraphysiologic pressures, indicating clinical safety against in vivo leakage.
• No leakage was observed from barbed suture holes, addressing concerns of tissue trauma due to barb design.
• The study supports barbed suture as a viable alternative to conventional monofilament suture for FEESA oversew in dogs.

🔍 Key Findings

• Peripheral nerve block (PNB) was preferred by 79% of anesthesiologists; lumbosacral epidural (LE) by 21%; PI <1%.
• Time since board-certification significantly influenced preference: PNB favored by newer diplomates, LE favored by more senior ones (p < .001).
• Employment sector mattered: PNB was preferred more in private practice, LE more in academia (p = .003).
• PNB perceived as more effective, with 78% reporting 81–100% effectiveness; compared to 55% for LE.
• PNB associated with fewer adverse effects (75%) than LE (4%) and PI (21%).
• PNB required less rescue analgesia intraoperatively (57%) and postoperatively (54%) than LE or PI.
• LE preferred for bilateral TPLOs and in smaller dogs; PNB for larger dogs, due to motor function preservation.
• Dexmedetomidine was the most common additive to PNB; bupivacaine-only was most used for PNB.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Retrospective case series of 15 dogs (19 tarsi) with talar OCD.
• Technique: Modified arthroscopic approach with both scope and instrument portals on the same side as the lesion.
• Outcomes:
  • Good to excellent mid-to-long-term outcomes in 11/14 dogs.
  • Statistically significant improvement in CBPI (p < .05) and VAS scores (p < .05).
  • Minor postoperative complications (synovial cysts) in 4/13 tarsi, all resolved spontaneously.
  • No major intraoperative complications; 1/19 required mini-arthrotomy due to fragment size.
• Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD): Progression noted in 10/14 cases, despite good functional outcomes.
• Fragment Characteristics: Multiple osteochondral fragments were present in most cases, with 17/19 lesions on the medial talar ridge.
• Technical Advantage: Lower conversion rate to arthrotomy (1/19) compared to previous studies (Gielen et al. and Miller & Beale).

🔍 Key Findings

• 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) improved tibial cut alignment in the frontal plane compared to generic guides (mean error 1.03° vs 2.41°, p = .036).
• All tibial cuts using PSGs were within 3° of target alignment, while 2/8 of the generic group were outliers.
• PSGs significantly improved sagittal alignment of both distal (p = .018) and cranial (p = .043) femoral cuts.
• No significant difference was found in varus-valgus femoral alignment or closing angle between PSG and generic guide groups.
• Tibial sagittal slope alignment was not significantly different between groups.
• PSGs provided better intraoperative usability, including improved visibility, no loosening, and ease of use.
• Femoral sizing and component fit were equivalent between PSGs and generic guides, ensuring proper prosthesis alignment.
• PSGs may offer training advantages for novice surgeons, especially in anatomically complex or deformed joints.

🔍 Key Findings

• Adding a single locking throw significantly increased holding security for specific knots, including the surgeon's throw (p = .0001) and square throw (p = .0002).
• For the Miller's throw (p = .166) and strangle throw (p = .808), no significant improvement was observed with a locking throw.
• After locking throw addition, all five knots leaked at similar pressures (p = .5233), and these pressures exceeded physiologic arterial pressures.
• Surgeon's throw without a locking throw had the lowest leak pressure (62.5 ± 46.2 mm Hg), below physiologic arterial values.
• The square throw without locking also leaked below physiologic pressures (148.7 ± 109.4 mm Hg), though it outperformed the surgeon's throw.
• Miller’s and strangle throws performed significantly better than square or surgeon’s throws without locking, achieving leak pressures >200 mm Hg.
• All knots used 2-0 polyglyconate monofilament (Maxon); no comparisons across suture types or sizes were performed.
• Authors concluded that correct tensioning and locking throw addition are key to safe vascular ligation. Miller’s, strangle, or slip knots are preferred for challenging surgical fields.

🔍 Key Findings

• Survival rates did not differ between immediate (90 min) and delayed (≥5 h) surgical stabilization groups at discharge or 1-month post-op (approx. 80% survival in both).
• Hyperlactatemia at 24 hours post-fluid therapy was significantly associated with in-hospital and 1-month mortality (P = .01 and P = .02).
• Persistent tachycardia during hospitalization was linked to increased 1-month mortality (P = .015).
• Partial gastrectomy was required in ~6–10% of cases, with high associated mortality.
• Preoperative stabilization protocols (trocarization, nasogastric tube) allowed safe surgical delays up to 13.7 hours without impacting survival.
• Degree of gastric torsion differed between groups; more 0° torsions in delayed cases, potentially due to decompression-induced derotation.
• No difference in post-op complications such as arrhythmias, hypotension, or AKI between groups.
• More intra-anesthetic deaths occurred in immediate surgery group, highlighting importance of adequate pre-op stabilization.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• Success rate: All 9 cats underwent successful laparoscopic partial pancreatectomy.
• Complications:
  • 1 minor intraoperative hemorrhage (Grade 1)
  • 1 sterile peritonitis (Grade 2) post-op, resolved conservatively
• Pancreatic function:
  • fTLI decreased by 37% (p = .03), but stayed within normal limits
  • fPLI and A1C were unchanged
• Resection details:
  • Mean weight: 3.0 ± 1.4 g
  • Mean surgical time: 59.7 ± 16.2 min
• Follow-up: 250–446 days — all cats remained clinically healthy
• Conclusion: Ultrasonic LPP is safe and effective in healthy cats, preserving endocrine/exocrine function

🔍 Key Findings

Case 1: Chest wall lift improved oxygenation (PaO₂ increased from 179.4 to 306.3 mmHg) and enabled thoracoscopic-assisted lobectomy in a cat with pleural effusion and pulmonary carcinoma.
Case 2: Chest wall lift using a Steinmann pin allowed 3-port thoracoscopic lobectomy for a bronchial foreign body; no complications observed.
Both cats: Lift increased working space and eliminated need for thoracotomy; no device-related complications.
Pretied ligating loops (PLL) were effective for hilar vessel ligation—preferred over staplers or self-locking ligatures in feline thorax.
Conclusion: Thoracic lift is a novel, minimally invasive method enhancing thoracoscopic procedures in small patients, particularly cats.