🔍 Key Findings

• Use of smoke evacuators reduced ultrafine particle concentrations by 56.4% during approach to the proximal tibia for TPLO in dogs.
• Mean intraoperative particle concentrations were significantly higher in surgeries without smoke evacuation (1352 ppc vs. 763 ppc, P < .0001).
• Maximum particle concentrations were six times higher without smoke evacuation (62,450 ppc vs. 10,100 ppc, P < .0001).
• Particle counts increased above baseline regardless of evacuator use, confirming electrosurgery contributes substantially to airborne particles.
• Surgeons noted reduced odor and health concerns when using the smoke evacuator, despite initial visibility limitations due to pencil attachment.
• Standard surgical masks do not protect against ultrafine particles, underscoring the importance of smoke mitigation systems.
• The smoke-evacuation unit did not eliminate all ultrafine particles, suggesting optimization (e.g., higher power setting) may be beneficial.
• This is the first clinical veterinary study to measure surgical smoke reduction using evacuators during TPLO.

🔍 Key Findings

Overall accuracy of radiography to detect IAIP: 77.9%

Sensitivity: 97.2%
Specificity: 67.6%

False positive rate: 32.4% of non-penetrating implants were misclassified as penetrating

Implants directed toward the lateral tibial condyle had higher misclassification (23.8%) than medial (8.3%)

Most accurate detection: Implants placed 2 mm into the joint (97.2% correct classification)

Least agreement: For implants placed at 0 mm (subchondral level), especially lateral (AC1 = 0.48)

No palpable abnormalities (e.g., crepitus) observed during ROM for any group

No significant difference in detection by specialty field or reviewer qualification

Suggests radiographic misclassification risk and supports considering CT/fluoroscopy in equivocal cases

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 48 dogs (60 stifles) underwent custom 3D-printed TRP implantation for patellar luxation
• 24 treated with TRP alone; 36 with additional procedures (e.g., DFO, TTT)
• Success rate: 59/60 corrected patellar tracking
• Functional outcome: 57/60 full function, 2 acceptable, 1 unacceptable
• Complication rate: 3 total (2 minor, 1 major recurrence)
• TRP spares cartilage unlike trochleoplasty, offering implant-based ridge augmentation
• No implant loosening or infection observed

🔍 Key Findings:

• Sample: 24 canine cadavers, 477 total pins across 240 vertebrae.
• Technique Comparison: 3D printed guides (3DPG) vs freehand (FH).
• Acceptable Placement Rates: 3DPG = 87.5%, FH = 69.8% (p < .0001).
• Odds Ratio for FH: 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.47), significantly less likely to yield acceptable placement.
• Worst Accuracy Locations: T10 (OR 0.10), T11 (OR 0.35).
• Surgeon Impact: Surgeon 2 outperformed others (OR 9.61, p = .001).
• Modified Zdichavsky Classification used to score implant accuracy (Grades I–IIIb).
• Primary Benefit of 3DPG: Increased safety and precision, regardless of surgeon experience.

🔍 Key Findings

• The survey included 111 practicing surgeons and 28 residents from ACVS, ECVS, and ANZCVS. 98.2% had performed soft tissue minimally invasive surgery (MIS).
• In the past year, surgeons reported a median caseload of 90% basic laparoscopy, 0% advanced laparoscopy, and 10% thoracoscopy; for residents: 100% basic laparoscopy, 0% advanced, 0% thoracoscopy.
• Laparoscopic ovariectomy and OHE were the most commonly performed MIS procedures, with most respondents proficient in basic laparoscopy, but few performing advanced laparoscopy or thoracoscopy.
• Top barriers to MIS adoption were: lack of consistent caseload, lack of training, difficult learning curve, equipment limitations, and cost.
• 76.6% of surgeons and 92.9% of residents received MIS training during residency. Those trained had completed residency median 6 years ago, compared to 22 years ago for those without MIS training (p < .001). Perceived adequate training correlated with higher proficiency.
• MIS was recognized as having a steep learning curve, but patient benefits (mean score 4.0/5) were the top motivation — less pain, faster recovery, improved visualization.
• The authors conclude basic laparoscopy is widely adopted, but advanced and thoracoscopic MIS remain underutilized. Training and access are key to future growth.
• Expanded training and improved access to equipment are necessary to promote broader integration of MIS into veterinary soft-tissue surgery.

🔍 Key Findings

• Study Design: Cadaveric model using four large-breed dogs with 10x10 cm full-thickness wounds at four locations (shoulder, thorax, flank, thigh).
• Configurations Tested: Diagonal, opposite, parallel, and perpendicular placements of wound infusion catheter and JP drain.
• Fluid Retrieval:
  • No significant difference by configuration (p = .92) or location (p = .32).
  • Perpendicular configuration had the highest mean retrieval (11.35 mL, 56.8% of instilled volume).
  • Flank location had the lowest retrieval (7.2 mL, 35.9%).
• Surface Area Coverage:
  • Parallel configuration achieved the highest SA coverage (83.4% ± 11.6%, p < .01).
  • Perpendicular was lowest.
• Leakage:
  • No difference in leakage between configurations (p = .74) or locations (p = .10).
  • Leakage commonly occurred at drain or catheter entry points (93.8% of wounds).
• Conclusion: Parallel drain configuration optimized fluid dispersion. Infusion-retrieval systems may allow for topical therapy delivery in closed wounds.

🔍 Key Findings

• Survival rates did not differ between immediate (90 min) and delayed (≥5 h) surgical stabilization groups at discharge or 1-month post-op (approx. 80% survival in both).
• Hyperlactatemia at 24 hours post-fluid therapy was significantly associated with in-hospital and 1-month mortality (P = .01 and P = .02).
• Persistent tachycardia during hospitalization was linked to increased 1-month mortality (P = .015).
• Partial gastrectomy was required in ~6–10% of cases, with high associated mortality.
• Preoperative stabilization protocols (trocarization, nasogastric tube) allowed safe surgical delays up to 13.7 hours without impacting survival.
• Degree of gastric torsion differed between groups; more 0° torsions in delayed cases, potentially due to decompression-induced derotation.
• No difference in post-op complications such as arrhythmias, hypotension, or AKI between groups.
• More intra-anesthetic deaths occurred in immediate surgery group, highlighting importance of adequate pre-op stabilization.

🔍 Key Findings

• Bilateral radial head OCD lesions were identified in a 6-month-old English Bulldog with elbow lameness.
• Medial arthroscopic portals allowed only partial visualization of radial head lesions, insufficient for treatment.
• Lateral arthroscopy portals provided excellent access for fragment removal and abrasion arthroplasty.
• Histopathology confirmed OCD, showing cartilage degeneration and retained cartilaginous cores.
• Dog showed complete resolution of lameness and no elbow pain at 5 months post-op.
• Lesions were caudolateral on the radial head, with discoid elevation of cartilage and clefts.
• Lateral approach avoids major neurovascular structures, reducing iatrogenic risk.
• The authors suggest lateral elbow arthroscopy may have broader indications, including for medial compartment disease or synovial biopsies.

🔍 Key Findings

• Only 1 of 12 dogs (8.3%) cultured the same single organism (Staphylococcus schleiferi) at TECA and dehiscence sites.
• In 58.3% (7/12), none of the bacteria from TECA cultures were found at dehiscence.
• Staphylococcus spp. were isolated in 83.3% of dehiscence samples.
• Methicillin resistance was high among Staphylococcus isolates: 80% at dehiscence.
• Antibiotic susceptibility differed in 57% (4/7) of cases where the same bacteria were cultured at both time points.
• TECA cultures were not predictive of bacteria at incisional dehiscence.
• 75% of dogs healed with either medical or surgical management.

Recommendation: Repeat cultures at dehiscence to guide antibiotic therapy.

🔍 Key Findings:

• Sample: 24 canine cadavers, 477 total pins across 240 vertebrae.
• Technique Comparison: 3D printed guides (3DPG) vs freehand (FH).
• Acceptable Placement Rates: 3DPG = 87.5%, FH = 69.8% (p < .0001).
• Odds Ratio for FH: 0.28 (95% CI 0.16–0.47), significantly less likely to yield acceptable placement.
• Worst Accuracy Locations: T10 (OR 0.10), T11 (OR 0.35).
• Surgeon Impact: Surgeon 2 outperformed others (OR 9.61, p = .001).
• Modified Zdichavsky Classification used to score implant accuracy (Grades I–IIIb).
• Primary Benefit of 3DPG: Increased safety and precision, regardless of surgeon experience.