🔍 Key Findings

Mortality rate: 36% (12/33)
Cholecystectomy performed: 94% of dogs (31/33)
New significant prognostic factors for survival:

• Hyperbilirubinemia (p = .049) — threshold = 60.5 μmol/L
• Use of vasopressors (p = .002)
• Renal dysfunction postoperatively (p = .008)
• Number of postoperative complications (p = .005)

Multivariate model: Total bilirubin and number of complications best predicted survival
Septic vs nonseptic effusion: No significant difference in survival
Diagnostic imaging: Ultrasound sensitivity for extrahepatic biliary rupture = 38%
Most cultured pathogen: E. coli (80% of septic cases)

🔍 Key Findings

• Early enteral nutrition (<24–48 hrs) is associated with improved survival and reduced hospitalization in dogs with septic peritonitis.
• Appropriate empirical antimicrobials improve survival in cats, but data are mixed in dogs.
• Recurrent septic peritonitis (RecSP) has poor survival (0%–43.9%); most common cause is gastrointestinal dehiscence.
• Intraoperative hypotension and preoperative hypoalbuminemia may increase dehiscence risk, though findings are inconsistent.
• Lidocaine CRI during surgery improves survival over opioids alone in dogs.
• Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) is not recommended due to risks of coagulopathy and kidney injury; albumin use is controversial.
• Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is under-recognized but contributes to mortality; IAP monitoring should be considered.
• Diagnostic tests (effusion lactate, glucose, cytology) are unreliable for detecting RecSP; clinical judgment and ultrasound are advised.

🔍 Key Findings

• Fasting ammonia (FA) was the most specific test (100%) for confirming EHPSS closure postoperatively.
• Serum hyaluronic acid (SHA) and MEGX at 15 minutes post-lidocaine were the most sensitive tests (96.9% and 96.2%, respectively).
• SHA combined with MEGX T15, or with FA or postprandial serum bile acids (SBA), provided 100% sensitivity with good specificity (72.4–82.8%).
• SHA levels remained elevated in all dogs with persistent shunting, even when other tests were normal.
• Paired SBA had moderate sensitivity (90%) and variable specificity (89%).
• The L/MEGX test at 30 min was less useful than at 15 min for assessing closure.
• Traditional SBA testing showed reduced utility postoperatively; normal values did not rule out persistent shunting.
• Blood tests improved when combined, but imaging remains essential to definitively confirm EHPSS closure.

🔍 Key Findings

• Highest initial leak pressure (ILP) observed in the handsewn + cyanoacrylate (HS + CE) group: 83.3 ± 4.6 mmHg (p < .001 vs. others).
• Lowest ILP: cyanoacrylate-only group (CE): 18.6 ± 3.5 mmHg.
• No significant MIP difference between handsewn (HSE) and HS + CE groups (p = .19); CE had significantly lower MIP (22.7 mmHg).
• Leak location:
  • HSE: 60% from suture holes
  • CE: 100% from incisional line
  • HS + CE: 60% from incisional line, 40% from suture holes
• Authors conclude cyanoacrylate augmentation significantly increases ILP and could reduce enterotomy leakage risk.

🔍 Key Findings Summary

• 22 dogs (36 shoulders) with shoulder OCD randomly assigned to COPLA scaffold (n=19) or Control (n=17) group
• At 6 months: Significantly fewer dogs in COPLA group had OA (14% vs. 67%; p = 0.019)
• At 1.5 years: OA prevalence increased in both groups with no significant difference (COPLA: 64%, Control: 60%)
• HCPI (pain index) increased significantly at 1 week post-op in COPLA dogs only (p = 0.001), but later normalized
• Static weight-bearing improved only in unilaterally operated COPLA limbs (p = 0.015)
• One dog in COPLA group had a fragment dislodge requiring arthroscopic removal
• Overall, COPLA scaffold may provide short-term benefit in OA reduction, but long-term outcomes were similar

🔍 Key Findings

• 39 of 40 checklist items for simulated OVH surgical assessment had good content validity (CVI = 0.81)
• Only 1 of 6 items from the OSATS GRS (respect for tissue) met inclusion criteria (CVI = 0.80)
• Checklist showed strong reliability (G-coefficient = 0.85) for moderate-stakes exams
• Modified OSATS GRS showed acceptable reliability (G-coefficient = 0.79)
• Two raters needed for acceptable reliability in high-stakes exams when using the checklist
• Minimal interrater bias found; variance largely due to interaction among student, rater, and item
• Digital recordings were a reliable method of evaluating surgical performance
• Study supports using checklist over OSATS GRS for assessing preclinical students on simulated models

🔍 Key Findings

• Bacterial fluorescence was detected in all wounds (17 dogs, 4 cats) using the point-of-care wound imaging device (WID).
• The WID confirmed the presence of clinically relevant wound infection in all evaluated cases at the time of imaging.
• No significant difference was found in bacterial yield or burden between image-guided and non-guided swabs (QBC and PCR; p > 0.05).
• The WID helped guide wound debridement in some cases by localizing areas of fluorescence, especially in necrotic tissue.
• Most infections were polymicrobial and dominated by anaerobes, highlighting the need for anaerobic culture inclusion.
• PCR analysis showed low bacterial DNA yields, often complicated by host DNA contamination, limiting its utility.
• The study did not evaluate sensitivity/specificity of WID, as only fluorescence-positive wounds were included.
• Clinical utility of WID lies in immediate visual confirmation of infection, supporting timely antimicrobial treatment decisions.

🔍 Key Findings

• 97.4% of dogs returned to normal function after total hip replacement using the BFX lateral bolt.
• Mean femoral stem subsidence was 1.22 mm, with most occurring in the first month and minimal thereafter.
• Postoperative complication rate was 13.6%, with 9.2% major and 4.4% minor complications.
• Femoral fractures (3.6%) and coxofemoral luxations (3.6%) were the most common major complications.
• Increased age and higher stem size were risk factors for postoperative femoral fractures; CFI >2.0 was also associated.
• Medial calcar fractures were avoided, and fractures occurred distal to stem ingrowth zone, simplifying repairs.
• Three cases underwent prophylactic plating, all with excellent outcomes and no complications.
• Explant rate was 2.6% (5/195), with most failures involving acetabular cup rather than femoral stem.

🔍 Key Findings

• Algorithm 3 had the highest overall accuracy (95.5%) in diagnosing SSIs from client questionnaires.
• Active surveillance identified 19.4% more SSIs compared to passive surveillance alone.
• SSI rate was 8.22% across 754 surgeries; 33.9% of SSIs required revision surgery.
• Client-based responses were 37.9% more frequent than those from referring veterinarians.
• Deep/implant SSIs could be missed if not associated with visible wound healing problems.
• Two late SSIs (after 90 days) occurred, both linked to implant surgeries.
• Algorithm 1 was the most sensitive (87.1%) but less specific; useful for screening.
• Algorithm 2 had the highest specificity (97.9%); useful as a “rule-in” diagnostic method.

🔍 Key Findings

• No significant difference in infection-inflammation rates between single-layer Kraton drapes and traditional double-layer draping at both 21 days and 6 months postop.
• Infection-inflammation occurred in 4.56% (36/789) of cases; equally distributed across draping techniques.
• Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) was the most common procedure (61%).
• Kraton drape features an elastic fenestration that seals without adhesives or towel clamps, offering ecological and workflow advantages.
• Mean anesthesia duration was similar between groups (~73.8 min), suggesting draping method did not impact overall surgical time.
• Culture confirmation of infection was low (14 dogs), showing reliance on clinical criteria for diagnosis.
• Potential benefits of single-layer draping include reduced waste, no need for towel clamps, and ease of use without increased risk.
• Limitations included subjective follow-up (nearly 30% indirect via phone/images) and antimicrobial usage in all cases.