Your Custom Quiz
In Lomas 2025 et al., on DPO and dorsolateral subluxation, what plate angle resulted in the greatest increase in DLS score postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- DPO significantly improved femoral head coverage, increasing mean DLS from 36.1% to 71.4% postoperatively (p < 0.001).
- No significant change in DLS between immediate postoperative and follow-up scans, suggesting stable surgical outcomes over time.
- Greater plate angle (30°) yielded larger DLS improvement (mean increase: 39.8%) compared to 25° and 20° plates.
- Only 3 hips had post-op DLS scores <55%, indicating most patients had lower risk of osteoarthritis progression.
- No correlation found between DLS improvement and age, body weight, or side of surgery, suggesting broad applicability.
- CT was used for DLS measurement in simulated weight-bearing, improving precision over radiographic methods.
- Major limitations included small sample size, multiple surgeons, and variable sedation vs anesthesia during imaging.
- DPO confirmed as effective for reducing dorsolateral subluxation, improving coxofemoral joint congruency in dysplastic dogs.
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology
2
2025
The Impact of Double Pelvic Osteotomy on Dorsolateral Subluxation in 24 Dogs
2025-2-VCOT-lomas-3
In Otero Balda 2025 et al., on Short-term outcomes after feline cPSS surgery, what proportion of cats with postattenuation seizures (PAS) survived to 30 days?
🔍 Key Findings
- 78% of cats that developed postattenuation neurologic signs (PANS) after congenital portosystemic shunt (cPSS) surgery survived to 30 days.
- Postattenuation seizures (PAS) were associated with significantly decreased 30-day survival (50% vs. 78%; OR: 0.015, p = .005).
- Treatment of PANS with propofol was a negative prognostic factor (OR: 0.112, p = .0008).
- Generalized PAS accounted for most seizure cases and were more frequently fatal than focal or unknown-type seizures.
- Pretreatment with levetiracetam (LEV1 protocol) showed a trend toward improved survival (100% vs. 60.6% in untreated cats), though not statistically significant (p = .06).
- Shunt morphology, method of attenuation, and study period (early vs. late) were not significantly associated with 30-day survival.
- Electrolyte, glucose, and ammonia abnormalities were not strongly linked to survival outcomes in this study.
- Majority of PAS-related deaths were due to uncontrolled generalized seizures or euthanasia because of severity.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Prognostic factors for short‐term survival of cats that experienced postattenuation neurologic signs after surgical attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts
2025-5-VS-otero-3
In Sisk 2024 et al., what is a theoretical advantage of expandable intramedullary nails?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- IMN provides relative stability, resists bending/torsion due to central axis alignment
- Larger diameter nails = exponentially greater stiffness (∝ D⁴)
- Trade-off: Larger interlocking holes weaken fatigue strength of the nail
- Reaming increases contact/stability but has pros/cons:
- Improves outcomes in closed fractures
- May reduce endosteal blood flow in thin-walled bones (e.g., cats)
- Design advances:
- Angle-stable IMN reduce rotational slack
- Expandable nails simplify insertion but may compromise removal or compressive load resistance
- Precontoured nails match bone curvature but lack consistent clinical superiority
- Material debates continue (e.g., titanium vs. stainless steel vs. magnesium)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
6
2024
Biomechanical Principles of Intramedullary Nails in Veterinary and Human Medicine
2024-6-VCOT-sisk-3
In Gant 2025 et al., on skin prep and SSI, what was associated with a significantly increased risk of surgical site infection?
🔍 Key Findings
- No statistically significant difference in overall SSI rates: 9.2% (chlorhexidine) vs. 7.38% (iodophor) (p = .25).
- Significant drape lift occurred in 13.2% of cases; those with lift had 2.72× increased risk of SSI (p = .026).
- Increased body weight was a statistically significant risk factor for SSI (p = .008): each 1 kg increased SSI risk by 3%.
- Use of glutaraldehyde was associated with a 2.38× increased risk of SSI (p = .055, approaching significance).
- No difference in SSI rates based on surgeon training level or surgical classification (clean, clean-contaminated, contaminated).
Veterinary Surgery
3
2025
Influence of skin preparation on surgical site infection and lift of adhesive surgical drapes
2025-3-VS-gant-1
In Miller 2024 et al., on intestinal obstruction and catheter technique in cats, what was the overall success rate of the red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) for removing linear foreign bodies?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cats with linear (LFBO) and discrete (DFBO) small intestinal obstructions had similar survival (98.2% vs. 97%, p = 1.0).
- Postoperative complications were not significantly different between LFBO and DFBO cases (p = .1386).
- Intestinal dehiscence was rare (only 2 cats), both in DFBOs, with no statistical difference between groups.
- Red rubber catheter technique (RRCT) successfully removed LFBOs in 83% (20/24) of attempts.
- All failed RRCTs occurred in cats with perforations or tissue nonviability.
- Cats with failed RRCTs had longer clinical signs pre-surgery (median 6.5 vs. 2.0 days).
- Surgical time was longer in LFBO cats (median 77 min vs. 58 min, p = .0018).
- Preoperative septic peritonitis was rare (4/169 cats), but occurred only in linear or mixed FBO cases.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2024
Linear and discrete foreign body small intestinal obstruction outcomes, complication risk factors, and single incision red rubber catheter technique success in cats
2024-7-VS-miller-1
In Gibson 2024 et al., on mediastinoscopy in dogs, what lymph node was **most consistently retrieved** using the SILS-port technique?
🔍 Key Findings
- Mediastinoscopy was technically feasible in large-breed canine cadavers using a SILS port and standard laparoscopic instruments.
- The left tracheobronchial lymph node (LTBLN) was successfully retrieved in all cadavers (7/7), while cranial mediastinal lymph nodes were retrieved in only 1/7.
- Postprocedural pleural gas was observed in 4/7 cadavers, likely due to CO₂ insufflation.
- Instrument limitations with a human-designed mediastinoscope led to preference for laparoscopic instruments and SILS port for improved access and visualization.
- Complication rates were low, with only two minor (Grade 1) adverse events (pleural tear and LN rupture).
- Obesity and mediastinal fat were cited as potential challenges to visualization and node retrieval.
- NASA-TLX workload scores were lowest for tracheobronchial nodes, indicating these were the easiest to access.
- The authors concluded this approach may facilitate minimally invasive biopsy or resection of cranial mediastinal masses in live dogs, but clinical trials are needed to validate safety and efficacy.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Evaluation of mediastinoscopy for cranial mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymphadenectomy in canine cadavers
2024-5-VS-gibson-1
In Planchamp 2022 et al., on imaging-based AAI diagnosis, what cranial translation ratio (CTR) cutoff identified potentially unstable dogs?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ventral Compression Index (VCI) ≥0.16 (extension) or ≥0.2 (flexion) was diagnostic for AAI with 100% sensitivity and >94% specificity
- VCI had the highest diagnostic accuracy among all measured variables (AUC > 0.99)
- C1-C2 overlap ≤2.7 mm (extension) or ≤1.8 mm (flexion) also diagnostic for AAI (sensitivity 84–96%, specificity 81–90%)
- C1-C2 angle ≥176.9° (extension) or ≥187.4° (flexion) had high sensitivity and specificity (~95%)
- Basion-dens interval ≥5.9 mm (extension) or ≥3.0 mm (flexion) provided moderate diagnostic accuracy
- Cranial translation ratio (CTR) ≥0.18 classified dogs as potentially unstable (sensitivity 90%, specificity 78%)
- VCI ≥0.23 reliably differentiated AAI from potentially unstable cases (sensitivity 94%, specificity 94%)
- DALR ≤0.24 had high specificity (100%) but low sensitivity for AAI diagnosis
Veterinary Surgery
4
2022
Determination of cutoff values on computed tomography and magnetic resonance images for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial instability in small-breed dogs
2022-4-VS-planchamp-4
In Clough 2022 et al., on CBLO-TTT construct testing, what was the most common mode of failure in the CBLO-TTT specimens?
🔍 Key Findings
- Combined CBLO-TTT did not reduce load to failure compared to CBLO or TTT alone (P = .81 and P = .12, respectively).
- CBLO-TTT maintains construct strength without significant compromise compared to individual procedures.
- Most common failure mode in CBLO-TTT was displacement of the tibial crest segment with k-wire pullout and tension band untwisting.
- No fulcrum effect was seen in CBLO-TTT, unlike TPLO-TTT combinations, likely due to preservation of buttress effect.
- Patellar ligament avulsion occurred in both CBLO and CBLO-TTT, but not as a clinical concern — possibly artifact from cadaver model.
- Load-to-failure testing was static and unidirectional, not accounting for cyclic fatigue or in vivo healing.
- Plate size and saw blade variation were based on clinical realism, introducing potential variability but not affecting outcomes.
- Study suggests feasibility of simultaneous surgical correction of CCL rupture and MPL using CBLO-TTT in dogs.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2022
Combined center of rotation of angulation‐based leveling osteotomy and tibial tuberosity transposition: An ex vivo mechanical study
2022-3-VS-clough-2
In Jones 2024 et al., on LEAP plate use, what percentage of lateral epicondylar fractures showed radiographic evidence of healing at final follow-up?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- 62 fractures in 61 dogs (44 lateral condylar, 18 intracondylar); mostly Spaniels
- LEAP plate used in all cases; minimal intraoperative contouring needed (1 French Bulldog)
- Overall complication rate: ~33%, mostly minor; 1 amputation due to catastrophic infection
- Radiographic healing:
- Lateral epicondylar part healed in 100%
- Condylar part healed in ~61.5% LCF and ~57.1% ICF
- Functional outcomes:
- 87% returned to full limb use
- Median LOAD score: 2 for LCF, 6.5 for ICF
- Design adjustments made post-study to strengthen weak zones around 3rd–4th screw holes
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Clinical Assessment of a Lateral Epicondylar Anatomical Plate for the Stabilization of Humeral Condylar Fractures in Dogs
2024-4-VS-jones-1
In Anderson 2025 et al., on liver hemostatic agents, which sponge showed significantly less bleeding at 5 minutes post-application?
🔍 Key Findings
- Study Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial of 45 dogs undergoing liver biopsy or lobectomy.
- Groups:
- Adhesive gelatin sponge (AG) group (n=22)
- Plain collagen sponge (PC) group (n=23)
- Main Results:
- At 5 minutes post-application, 10/20 PC dogs were still bleeding vs. 2/20 AG dogs (p = 0.0138).
- AG had significantly better adhesion scores (median 2 vs. 1, p < 0.001).
- Sponge dislodgement: 5/23 in PC group, 0/22 in AG group (p = 0.042).
- Time to 50% hemostasis: AG = 2 min, PC = 4 min 49 sec.
- Complications: No adverse events related to either sponge.
- Conclusion: Adhesive gelatin sponges offered superior intraoperative adhesion and hemostatic control during canine liver surgery compared to collagen sponges.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
A randomized comparison of an adhesive gelatin sponge and a plain collagen sponge for hemostatic control during canine liver surgery
2025-2-VS-anderson1-1
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Key Findings