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In Condon 2024 et al., what percentage of fractures were classified as lateral humeral condylar fractures?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Lateral humeral condylar fractures = 69.8% of cases; medial = 16.2%; Y/T = 14.0%
- Falls/stairs were the inciting trauma in 45.6% of cases; significantly younger dogs were more likely to fracture after major trauma (p = 0.01)
- Complication rate = 22% (10 major, 20 minor); implant migration and seroma most common
- Fixation method had no significant impact on complication rates (p = 0.87)
- Epicondylar comminution was significantly associated with complications (p = 0.02, OR = 3.27)
- Contralateral intracondylar fissure found in 9.8%, none progressed to fracture during study
- Wide inter-center variation in complication rate (5–62%, p = 0.002)
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
2
2024
Humeral Condylar Fractures in French Bulldogs—Inciting Cause and Factors Influencing Complications of Internal Fixation in 136 Dogs
2024-2-VCOT-condon-2
In Carvajal 2023 et al., on serum biomarkers post-THA, what is the clinical implication of stable CRP and SAA levels postoperatively?
🔍 Key Findings
- C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels remained low at 3 and 6 months after uncomplicated THA in dogs.
- No significant differences were observed in CRP or SAA between preoperative, 3-month, and 6-month time points.
- Mean CRP values were 3.8 mg/L pre-op, 0.8 mg/L at 3 months, and 1.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- Mean SAA values were 13.9 mg/L pre-op, 14.1 mg/L at 3 months, and 18.4 mg/L at 6 months.
- All dogs recovered normally with no complications or persistent signs of inflammation at follow-up.
- Study establishes baseline CRP and SAA levels for dogs post-THA, useful for comparison in suspected PJI.
- These markers may help differentiate periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) if values deviate from baseline post-THA.
- NSAID therapy was discontinued by 6 months in all dogs, possibly reflecting decreased inflammation.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Serum acute-phase protein concentrations following uncomplicated total hip arthroplasty in dogs
2023-1-VS-carvajal-4
In Marchionatti 2022 et al., on antiseptic efficacy comparison, what issue may falsely elevate the observed efficacy of antiseptics in skin cultures?
🔍 Key Findings
- Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
- No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
- Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
- Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
- Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
- Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
- Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
- Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Preoperative skin asepsis protocols using chlorhexidine versus povidone‐iodine in veterinary surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022-5-VS-marchionatti-4
In Muroi 2024 et al., on radius plate stress effects, what was the yield load measured during mechanical testing of cadaveric radii?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Finite element analysis compared intact radii vs. locking plates placed 1 mm or 3 mm above the bone
- LP placement significantly reduced tensile (maximum principal) stress on cranial cortex, potentially causing implant-induced osteoporosis
- Shell element findings:
- Max principal stress significantly lower in both LP groups vs. intact (p < 0.05)
- Solid element findings:
- Equivalent stress higher and max principal stress lower in LP groups
- Implication: Tension reduction may impair bone remodeling; implant design and placement height affect stress environment
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Stress Changes in the Canine Radius after Locking Plate Fixation Using Finite Element Analysis
2024-3-VCOT-muroi-2
In Miller 2024 et al., on leak testing in cooled feline intestine, where did most leaks initiate in both groups?
🔍 Key Findings
- No difference in initial leak pressure (ILP) or maximum intraluminal pressure (MIP) between cooled (17–29 h) and fresh enterotomy constructs.
- Wall thickness of duodenum and jejunum did not differ between fresh and cooled samples.
- Leak locations (suture holes vs clamp sites) were similar between groups; not statistically different.
- Volume of infusion did not influence ILP or MIP outcomes.
- Mean ILP values: Control = 600 mmHg (maxed), Fresh = 200 mmHg, Cooled = 131 mmHg; CE vs FE difference was not significant.
- Intraluminal diameter was largest in the ileum, followed by jejunum and duodenum.
- Cadaveric intestine cooled ≤29h may be reliably used in ex vivo feline leak pressure studies.
- First report of gross small intestinal lengths by region in cats—useful for resection planning.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2024
Cooled feline intestine and fresh intestine did not differ in enterotomy leak pressure testing or in gross wall thickness measurement
2024-5-VS-miller-5
In Chik 2025 et al., on abdominal wall prestretching, what percentage of the working space improvement achieved at 10 mmHg was retained after returning to 6 mmHg?
🔍 Key Findings
- Prestretching (PS) at 10 mmHg for 3 minutes significantly increased working space at 6 mmHg IAP — IWL +4.4%, IWS +6.9%.
- PS provided ≈63% of the IWL and ≈66% of the IWS gains achieved with sustained 10 mmHg IAP.
- All laparoscopic procedures were completed at 6 mmHg after PS; no conversions or pressure increases were needed.
- Working space benefits persisted throughout surgery — end-of-procedure measurements were unchanged from post-PS baseline.
- Transverse expansion (RLAT/LLAT) was greater than sagittal (CRA/CAU), consistent with adult abdominal wall compliance.
- No adverse anesthetic events occurred; mild complications (e.g., gas leakage) were easily managed.
- Large breed dogs were overrepresented, but all dogs served as their own controls, normalizing size effects.
- Prestretching is a simple, effective technique to maximize working space without increasing insufflation pressure.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2025
Prestretching increases working space at the same insufflation pressure in dogs undergoing laparoscopic procedures
2025-5-VS-chik-2
In Devriendt 2022 et al., on EHPSS blood testing, which **combination** of tests yielded 100% sensitivity for confirming shunt closure?
🔍 Key Findings
- Fasting ammonia (FA) was the most specific test (100%) for confirming EHPSS closure postoperatively.
- Serum hyaluronic acid (SHA) and MEGX at 15 minutes post-lidocaine were the most sensitive tests (96.9% and 96.2%, respectively).
- SHA combined with MEGX T15, or with FA or postprandial serum bile acids (SBA), provided 100% sensitivity with good specificity (72.4–82.8%).
- SHA levels remained elevated in all dogs with persistent shunting, even when other tests were normal.
- Paired SBA had moderate sensitivity (90%) and variable specificity (89%).
- The L/MEGX test at 30 min was less useful than at 15 min for assessing closure.
- Traditional SBA testing showed reduced utility postoperatively; normal values did not rule out persistent shunting.
- Blood tests improved when combined, but imaging remains essential to definitively confirm EHPSS closure.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2022
Evaluation of different blood tests in dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts to assess shunt closure after surgical treatment
2022-7-VS-devriendt-3
In Schmutterer 2024 et al., on stifle flexion angle effects, at which angle was the contact force ratio (CFR) significantly lowest?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Biomechanical study on 14 hindlimbs from Retrievers (cadaveric)
- Three stifle flexion angles tested: 125°, 135°, and 145°
- Contact Force Ratio (CFR) was significantly higher at 125° and 135° than at 145° (p < 0.001)
- Center of force shifted caudally with increasing flexion — especially in medial meniscus
- Lateral meniscus peak pressure was significantly higher at 125° than 145° (p = 0.049)
- Mean pressures on lateral meniscus decreased with extension, while medial meniscus pressure remained constant
- Relevance: Helps interpret meniscal load in early cruciate disease and in surgical modeling
Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology
3
2024
Evaluation of Meniscal Load and Load Distribution in the Sound Canine Stifle at Different Angles of Flexion
2024-3-VCOT-schmutterer-1
In Aldrich 2023 et al., on liposomal bupivacaine in TPLO, what conclusion was drawn about %BW distribution to the operated limb?
🔍 Key Findings
- Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) infiltration did not reduce the need for rescue analgesia compared with placebo in dogs undergoing TPLO.
- CMPS-SF pain scores were not significantly different between LB and placebo groups at any postoperative time point.
- % body weight distribution (%BWdist) to the operated limb did not differ significantly between treatment groups across all time points.
- No correlation was found between CMPS-SF scores and %BWdist, suggesting these metrics assess different aspects of postoperative pain.
- Postoperative carprofen administration was standardized, and LB did not provide additional detectable analgesic benefit.
- Three-layer infiltration technique (joint capsule, fascia, subcutis) was used consistently across all cases.
- Adverse events were minor and comparable between LB and placebo groups.
- Post hoc analysis suggested a much larger sample size (58–436 dogs) would be needed to detect significant differences in %BWdist.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of bupivacaine liposomal suspension using static bodyweight distribution and subjective pain scoring in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery
2023-5-VS-aldrich-3
In Young 2023 et al., on minimally invasive parathyroidectomy, which complication led to the only reported postoperative death?
🔍 Key Findings
- Short-term resolution of hypercalcemia occurred in 97.8% (44/45) of dogs.
- Long-term cure rate was 93.3%, comparable to traditional bilateral neck exploration.
- Postoperative hypocalcemia was observed in only 15.6%, which is lower than traditional approaches (36–63.8%).
- Permanent hypocalcemia occurred in 4.4%, requiring lifelong calcitriol supplementation.
- Minimally invasive approach had median surgical times of 26 min (unilateral) and 45.5 min (bilateral).
- Most lesions were adenomas (54.8%), followed by hyperplasia (27.4%) and carcinomas (3.2%).
- Ultrasound identified 98.4% (61/62) of abnormal glands, supporting it as the preferred imaging modality.
- One death due to non-compliance with calcitriol, emphasizing importance of postoperative management.
Veterinary Surgery
1
2023
Surgical description and outcome of ultrasound‐guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy in 50 dogs with primary hyperparathyroidism
2023-1-VS-young-4
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Key Findings