Your Custom Quiz
In Bae 2025 et al., on SI screw orientation, which screw-side combination yielded the highest rotational stability?
🔍 Key Findings
- Ex vivo study using 24 canine cadaver pelves to test screw thread direction in SI luxation.
- Four groups: RhRSI, RhLSI, LhRSI, LhLSI.
- Right-handed screws on right side (RhRSI) had 313% higher torque and 274% higher load vs left side (p < .01).
- Left-handed screws on left side (LhLSI) had 198% higher torque and 195% higher load vs right side (p < .03).
- All failures occurred due to rotation, with no screw breakage or fractures.
- Body weight and moment arm were similar across groups.
- Clinical implication: Use of screw matching handedness to luxation side improves stability.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2025
Effect of thread direction on rotational stability in lag-screw fixation of sacroiliac luxation: An ex vivo cadaveric study in small-breed dogs
2025-2-VS-bae-1
In Logothetou 2024 et al., on SPF complications, which flap type had the lowest complication rate on univariable analysis?
🔍 Key Findings
- Complication rate for subdermal plexus flaps (SPFs) in dogs was 53.6%.
- Skin staples had a numerically higher complication rate (72.2%) than sutures (49.3%), but not statistically significant due to small sample size.
- Most common complication was wound dehiscence (35%), followed by seroma (14%) and wound discharge (14%).
- Increased body weight was significantly associated with higher complication risk (OR = 1.056 per kg; p = .029).
- Advancement flaps were associated with a lower incidence of complications on univariable analysis (p < .001).
- Head region flap closures had fewer complications, while proximal pelvic limb closures had the highest complication rate.
- Age was a risk factor—each additional year increased odds of complications (OR = 1.019; p = .004).
- Closure technique did not significantly influence complication severity, though staple use was numerically worse.
Veterinary Surgery
3
2024
Complications and influence of cutaneous closure technique on subdermal plexus flaps in 97 dogs (2006–2022)
2024-3-VS-logothetou-4
In Lampart 2023 et al., on manual laxity testing, what clinical utility does the TPCT potentially provide compared to other tests?
🔍 Key Findings
- Cranial drawer (CD), tibial compression (TCT), and tibial pivot compression test (TPCT) showed 100% sensitivity and specificity in differentiating intact from CCL-deficient stifles in this ex vivo model.
- TPCT elicited the highest cranial tibial translation (CTT) and internal tibial rotation, though differences in rotation did not reach statistical significance.
- Inter- and intraobserver agreement for CTT was excellent across all tests (ICC >0.9).
- Rotation and force application had greater variability, particularly with less experienced observers and during CD.
- Forces applied during CD were significantly higher in intact limbs and correlated with observer experience.
- Subjective CTT estimates strongly correlated with objective kinematic measurements (r = 0.895), with a median absolute error of 1.31 mm.
- TPCT may be particularly useful for assessing rotational instability, mimicking the pivot-shift test used in human ACL exams.
- Study supports development of a grading system for manual laxity testing, especially in acute CCLR cases.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2023
Evaluation of the accuracy and intra‐ and interobserver reliability of three manual laxity tests for canine cranial cruciate ligament rupture—An ex vivo kinetic and kinematic study
2023-5-VS-lampart-5
In Wylie 2025 et al., on femoral implant accuracy, which factor was significantly associated with more accurate implant placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Accurate femoral isometric placement was achieved in 63% of cases, significantly more with SwiveLock (78.6%) than FASTak (38.9%).
- Inaccurate placement was associated with increased internal tibial rotation at follow-up (p = .009), suggesting potential implant failure.
- Pivot shift grade improved in 90.9% of stifles postoperatively, regardless of implant positioning accuracy.
- SwiveLock implants had a faster learning curve and higher placement accuracy than FASTak.
- Higher patient weight was linked to more accurate implant placement (p = .012), likely due to easier anatomical landmark identification.
- No correlation found between implant type or positioning accuracy and final pivot shift grade at 6 weeks.
- Minor and major complications were low and not significantly different between implant types.
- A simplified 2-grade pivot shift system was proposed for clinical use (Grade 1: glide, Grade 2: clunk), aiding intraoperative decision-making.
Veterinary Surgery
7
2025
Evaluation of femoral isometric placement accuracy of internal brace implants and its impact on stifle stability in the management of pivot shift phenomenon following TPLO
2025-7-VS-wylie-4
In Meltzer 2022 et al., on femoral implant selection, what was the role of canal flare index (CFI) in femoral component selection?
🔍 Key Findings
- Hybrid implants were used in older, heavier dogs with lower canal flare index (CFI) compared to cementless types.
- CFI <1.8 was associated with higher risk of femoral fracture or stem subsidence with cementless implants.
- Total complication rate was 14%, with catastrophic complications in only 1.5%—lower than reported in other studies.
- No significant difference in complication rates across implant types (BFX, BFX-C, hybrid).
- Femur fractures were rare (2.9%), lower than in prior studies, and successfully managed with cerclage/plate fixation.
- Coxofemoral luxation was the most common complication (8 cases); all occurred within 62 days post-op, mostly resolved with revision.
- Collared BFX stems did not significantly reduce complications, though they may limit stem subsidence.
- An implant selection algorithm was proposed, using age ≥7 years, weight ≥45 kg, and CFI <1.8 to guide cemented vs. cementless stem use.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2022
Case factors for selection of femoral component type in canine hip arthroplasty using a modular system
2022-2-VS-meltzer-4
In Marchionatti 2022 et al., on antiseptic efficacy comparison, what methodological limitation was common across studies?
🔍 Key Findings
- Chlorhexidine-based asepsis protocols were comparable to povidone-iodine for reducing surgical site infection (SSI) rates in veterinary surgery.
- No significant difference in skin bacterial colonization was observed between the two antiseptics, at both immediate and delayed timepoints.
- Chlorhexidine-alcohol protocols showed a non-significant trend toward improved bacterial reduction in some studies, though inconsistent across all studies.
- Use of neutralizing agents was inconsistent, which may have led to overestimation of antiseptic efficacy in several studies.
- Formulations and concentrations varied widely (e.g., chlorhexidine 0.5–4%, povidone-iodine 0.7–1%), contributing to heterogeneity and limiting definitive conclusions.
- Only a minority of studies reported using CDC criteria for SSI diagnosis, affecting the reliability of infection outcomes.
- Risk of bias was high or unclear in multiple domains across all included studies, limiting overall confidence in conclusions.
- Meta-analysis confirmed no statistically significant superiority of either protocol for SSI prevention or skin bacterial reduction.
Veterinary Surgery
5
2022
Preoperative skin asepsis protocols using chlorhexidine versus povidone‐iodine in veterinary surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022-5-VS-marchionatti-3
In Bergen 2024 et al., on biliary stent use, what was the reason for stent removal in one cat?
🔍 Key Findings Summary
- Subjects: 11 animals (8 dogs, 3 cats)
- Technique: Uncovered balloon-expandable metallic biliary stents (BEMBS)
- Indications: Cholelithiasis, strictures, neoplasia, cholangiohepatitis, etc.
- Success: Patency achieved in all animals surviving to discharge
- Complications:
- Short-term mortality: 2/11 (1 euthanized for SIRS, 1 unknown)
- Long-term issues: cholangiohepatitis, choledocholithiasis, stent occlusion (in cats only)
- Long-term patency:
- Dogs: median 650.5 days
- Cats: median 446 days
- Stent removal possible even after >600 days in some cats
- Clinical outcome: Viable alternative to plastic stents or cholecystoenterostomy
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Clinical use of uncovered balloon‐expandable metallic biliary stents for treatment of extrahepatic biliary tract obstructions in cats and dogs: 11 cases (2012–2022)
2024-2-VS-bergen-5
In Carwardine 2024 et al., on screw placement in HIF, what was the number needed to treat (NNT) for medial placement to prevent one complication?
🔍 Key Findings
- 73 elbows (52 dogs) underwent randomized medial or lateral transcondylar screw placement for HIF.
- Lateral-to-medial placement resulted in a significantly higher rate of complications (62.2%) vs medial-to-lateral (19.4%) (p = .001).
- Odds ratio for complications: 6.11 (95% CI: 2.13–17.52).
- Most common complications: seromas (n = 13), surgical site infections (n = 16).
- Implants with lower AMI/bodyweight were significantly associated with major complications (p = .037).
- Only 4 procedures (5%) required revision surgery (major type I complications), with no difference by screw direction.
- NNT = 2.3 for medial placement to prevent one complication.
Veterinary Surgery
2
2024
Medial versus lateral transcondylar screw placement for canine humeral intracondylar fissures: A randomized clinical trial
2024-2-VS-carwardine-2
In Cruciani 2022 et al., on feline pancreaticoduodenostomy, what complication did *not* occur during the follow-up period?
🔍 Key Findings
- Left pancreaticoduodenostomy successfully restored digestive continuity after right lobe and body pancreatectomy in a cat.
- No clinical signs of exocrine or endocrine insufficiency were observed postoperatively up to 225 days.
- Histopathology confirmed chronic pancreatitis with abscess formation and reactive lymphadenopathy.
- No postoperative pancreatitis developed, based on imaging and normal feline pancreatic lipase levels.
- Progressive focal ampulla-like dilation of the pancreatic duct occurred near the anastomosis without clinical signs.
- The cat maintained weight and improved clinically for several months post-op, indicating satisfactory outcomes.
- Surgical technique involved end-to-side anastomosis between the left pancreatic duct and duodenum.
- Ultimately, the cat was euthanized due to disseminated carcinoma, presumed unrelated to the pancreatic surgery.
Veterinary Surgery
8
2022
Left pancreaticoduodenostomy after removal of the right lobe and the head of the pancreas in a cat
2022-8-VS-cruciani-4
In Horwood 2024 et al., on complications in luxoid hip dysplasia, what femoral morphological abnormality was frequently seen and may complicate stem placement?
🔍 Key Findings
- Luxoid hip dysplasia (LH) was present in 8% of THA cases and significantly increased risk of major complications (p < .001).
- Intraoperative fissures/fractures were 3x more likely in LH dogs vs non-LH (39% vs 16%, p = .001).
- Dorsal luxation was more frequent in LH dogs (28% vs 4%, p = .019).
- Acetabular cup placement with ALO >35° was associated with luxation in LH dogs.
- Morphologic abnormalities (e.g., femoral valgus, lateralization/medialization of cortices) were common in LH and may complicate implantation.
- Despite higher risk, 94% of LH dogs achieved satisfactory outcomes after appropriate revisions.
- Younger age and lighter weight characterized LH dogs (mean age 14.7 months vs 40.9 months, p < .001).
- All LH dogs were treated with cementless stems; prophylactic cerclage was rarely used.
Veterinary Surgery
4
2024
Complications and outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in dogs with luxoid hip dysplasia: 18 cases (2010–2022)
2024-4-VS-horwood-4
Quiz Results
You answered 7 out of 10 questions correctly
Key Findings