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Buote et al: 3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
Veterinary Surgery 7, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • Customized 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs) significantly reduced surgical time in feline cadaver models (125.6 vs. 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
  • Use of 3DPCs resulted in a reduction in instrument collisions (6.8 vs. 2.6, p = 0.03).
  • Cannula pullout complications decreased with 3DPCs (10 vs. 2.2 per procedure, p = 0.03).
  • 3DPCs were designed at shorter lengths (3 cm), improving intra-abdominal working space in cats.
  • No incisional or postoperative complications occurred in the two live feline cases.
  • One 3DPC insufflation port broke intraoperatively; resolved by using a male luer lock connector in the next case.
  • CO₂ leakage occurred from re-used silicone valves in 2 ports; emphasizing the need for durable valve design.
  • Estimated cost per 3DPC was <$5.00, suggesting cost-effective customization for feline laparoscopy.

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← Articles

Buote et al: 3D printed cannulas for use in laparoscopic surgery in feline patients: A cadaveric study and case series
Veterinary Surgery 7, 2023

🔍 Key Findings

  • Customized 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs) significantly reduced surgical time in feline cadaver models (125.6 vs. 95.2 min, p = 0.03).
  • Use of 3DPCs resulted in a reduction in instrument collisions (6.8 vs. 2.6, p = 0.03).
  • Cannula pullout complications decreased with 3DPCs (10 vs. 2.2 per procedure, p = 0.03).
  • 3DPCs were designed at shorter lengths (3 cm), improving intra-abdominal working space in cats.
  • No incisional or postoperative complications occurred in the two live feline cases.
  • One 3DPC insufflation port broke intraoperatively; resolved by using a male luer lock connector in the next case.
  • CO₂ leakage occurred from re-used silicone valves in 2 ports; emphasizing the need for durable valve design.
  • Estimated cost per 3DPC was <$5.00, suggesting cost-effective customization for feline laparoscopy.

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Multiple Choice Questions on this study

In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, how did the number of instrument collisions compare before and after 3DPC use?

A. No change was observed
B. Instrument collisions increased with 3DPCs
C. Instrument collisions decreased significantly with 3DPCs
D. Collisions increased slightly, but not significantly
E. Collisions were eliminated entirely

Answer: Instrument collisions decreased significantly with 3DPCs

Explanation: Collisions dropped from a mean of 6.8 to 2.6 with 3DPC use, *p = 0.03*.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, what was the primary benefit observed in cadaver surgeries when using 3D printed cannulas (3DPCs)?

A. Improved oxygenation during insufflation
B. Reduced pain scores postoperatively
C. Reduced surgical time and cannula complications
D. Lower anesthesia dose required
E. Decreased incision length

Answer: Reduced surgical time and cannula complications

Explanation: Use of 3DPCs significantly reduced surgical time, instrument collisions, and cannula complications in feline cadaver models.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, what issue occurred during live case 1 involving insufflation?

A. Valve dislodgement
B. Breakage of the insufflation port
C. Severe CO₂ leakage
D. Sterility failure of the port
E. Pneumothorax

Answer: Breakage of the insufflation port

Explanation: The insufflation connection broke in case 1 but was resolved in case 2 by using a male luer lock connector.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, what was the approximate manufacturing cost per sterilizable 3D printed cannula?

A. $1.00
B. $2.50
C. $5.00
D. $10.00
E. $20.00

Answer: $5.00

Explanation: Each sterilizable 3D printed cannula cost less than $5 to produce including materials and consumables.
In Buote 2023 et al., on 3D printed cannulas, what procedural outcome showed the largest percent reduction with 3DPCs?

A. Surgery time
B. CO₂ leakage
C. Instrument collisions
D. Incisional complications
E. Cannula pullout events

Answer: Cannula pullout events

Explanation: Pullout events dropped from a mean of 10 to 2.2—a ~78% reduction, more than other measured variables.

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